U2AF2

U2AF2
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1JMT, 1O0P, 1OPI, 1U2F, 2G4B, 2HZC, 2M0G, 2U2F, 2YH0, 2YH1, 3VAF, 3VAG, 3VAH, 3VAI, 3VAJ, 3VAK, 3VAL, 3VAM, 4FXW, 4TU7, 4TU8, 4TU9, 5EV1, 5EV3, 5EV4, 5EV2
Identifiers
Aliases	U2AF2, U2AF65, U2 small nuclear RNA auxiliary factor 2
External IDs	OMIM: 191318 MGI: 98886 HomoloGene: 110853 GeneCards: U2AF2
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 19 (human)[1] Band 19q13.42 Start 55,654,146 bp[1] End 55,674,716 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 7 (mouse)[2] Band 7|7 A1 Start 5,062,143 bp[2] End 5,079,938 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Top expressed in pituitary gland fundus anterior pituitary More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function pre-mRNA 3'-splice site binding poly-pyrimidine tract binding GO:0001948 protein binding nucleic acid binding enzyme binding C2H2 zinc finger domain binding RNA binding Cellular component nuclear speck U2AF complex Prp19 complex spliceosomal complex commitment complex U2-type prespliceosome nucleus nucleoplasm Biological process mRNA splicing, via spliceosome termination of RNA polymerase II transcription positive regulation of protein targeting to mitochondrion mRNA processing mRNA export from nucleus negative regulation of mRNA splicing, via spliceosome regulation of autophagy of mitochondrion positive regulation of RNA splicing mRNA 3'-end processing RNA splicing RNA export from nucleus negative regulation of protein ubiquitination Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	11338	22185
Ensembl	ENSG00000063244	ENSMUSG00000030435
UniProt	P26368	P26369
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001012478 NM_007279	NM_001205231 NM_133671
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001012496 NP_009210	NP_001192160 NP_598432
Location (UCSC)	Chr 19: 55.65 – 55.67 Mb	Chr 7: 5.06 – 5.08 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Splicing factor U2AF 65 kDa subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the U2AF2 gene.^[5]

Function[]

In eukaryotes, the introns in the transcribed pre-mRNA first have to be removed by spliceosome in order to form a mature mRNA. A spliceosome is assembled from small nuclear ribonucleoproteins(snRNP) and small nuclear RNAs(snRNA). And the splicing factor can be divided into snRNP and non snRNP proteins.U2 auxiliary factor (), composed of a large and a small subunit, is a non-snRNP protein required for the binding of U2 snRNP to the pre-mRNA branch site. This gene encodes the U2AF large subunit, which contains a sequence-specific RNA-binding region with 3 RNA recognition motifs and an Arg/Ser-rich domain necessary for splicing. The large subunit binds to the polypyrimidine tract of introns early during spliceosome assembly. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been detected for this gene, but the full-length natures of only two have been determined to date.^[6]

In humans and other tetrapods, it has been shown that without U2AF2, the splicing process is inhibited. However, in zebrafish and other teleosts the RNA splicing process can still occur on certain genes in the absence of U2AF2. This may be because 10% of genes have alternating TG and AC base pairs at the 3' splice site (3'ss) and 5' splice site (5'ss) respectively on each intron, which alters the secondary structure of the RNA and influences splicing.^[7]

The splicing factor U2AF65 can specifically recognizes the polypyrimidine tract (Py tract), that’s because U2AF65 consists of 3 RNA binding domains (RRMs), all of them have a high binding affinity to the Py tract on its adjacent 3’ splice site.^[6]The RRM1 and RRM2 are sufficient for specific RNA/protein binding, while RRM3 is responsible for protein/protein interactions. For example, the C-Terminal RRM3 contribute to establish protein–protein contacts with splicing factors like UAP56, SAP155, and mBBP/SF1.^[8]

Interactions[]

U2AF2 has been shown to interact with:

References[]

Further reading[]