Umbilicaria hyperborea

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Umbilicaria hyperborea
Umbilicaria hyperborea 45083.jpg
on Blackcomb Peak, Whistler, British Columbia
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Lecanoromycetes
Order: Umbilicariales
Family: Umbilicariaceae
Genus: Umbilicaria
Species:
U. hyperborea
Binomial name
Umbilicaria hyperborea
(Ach.) Hoffm. (1796)
Synonyms[1]
  • Lichen hyperboreus Ach. (1794)

Umbilicaria hyperborea, commonly known as blistered rock tripe,[2] is a species of foliose lichen in the family Umbilicariaceae. It is widely distributed in arctic and alpine regions.

Taxonomy[]

It was first described as a new species by Swedish lichenologist Erik Acharius in 1794 as Lichen hyperboreus.[3] Georg Franz Hoffmann transferred it to the genus Umbilicaria in 1796.[4]

In a 2017 molecular phylogenetic analysis of the genus Umbilicaria, U. hyperborea was proposed as the type species of the subgenus Umbilicaria. Closely related species include U. polyphylla, , and .[5]

Description[]

The thallus of Umbilicaria hyperborea ranges in colour from medium- to dark-brown, with texture of the upper surface more or less smooth or warty. The thallus undersurface is smooth, and there are not any rhizines. The disc-shaped apothecia are flat to convex and have multiple complex ridges.[2]

Habitat and distribution[]

The lichen typically grows on rock in arctic and alpine climates.[2] It has, however, been recorded growing on acidic wood; specimens found in this substrate may have an altered morphology compared to those found on rock, such as stunted and faded thalli lacking apothecia.[6] It is one of the most common Umbilicaria species in Arctic and adjacent Northern locations.[7] Umbilicaria hyperborea has a very slow growth rate; in a study undertaken in Greenland, it was measured as 0.3–0.4 mm per year over the time period 1933–1970.[8]

References[]

  1. ^ "Synonymy: Umbilicaria hyperborea (Ach.) Hoffm., Deutschl. Fl., Zweiter Theil (Erlangen): 110 (1796) [1795]". Species Fungorum. Retrieved 21 March 2021.
  2. ^ a b c Brodo, Irwin M.; Sharnoff, Sylvia Duran; Sharnoff, Stephen (2001). Lichens of North America. Yale University Press. p. 703. ISBN 978-0300082494.
  3. ^ Acharius, E. (1794). "Nya och mindre kända Svenska Lafarter". Kongliga Vetenskaps Academiens Nya Handlingar (in Swedish). 15: 81–103.
  4. ^ Hoffmann, G.F. (1796). Deutschlands Flora oder botanisches Taschenbuch. Zweyter Theil für das Jahr 1795. Cryptogamie (in Latin). p. 110.
  5. ^ Davydov, Evgeny A.; Peršoh, Derek; Rambold, Gerhard (2017). "Umbilicariaceae (lichenized Ascomycota) – Trait evolution and a new generic concept". Taxon. 66 (6): 1282–1303. doi:10.12705/666.2.
  6. ^ Osyczka, Piotr; Węgrzyn, Michał (2008). "Lichens on lignum in the coastal regions of western Spitsbergen (Svalbard)". Biologia. 63 (6): 1069–1072. doi:10.2478/s11756-008-0158-0.
  7. ^ Davydov, Evgeny A.; Himelbrant, Dmitry E.; Stepanchikova, Irina S. (2011). "Contribution to the Study of Umbilicariaceae (Lichenized Ascomycota) in Russia. II. Kamchatka Peninsula". Herzogia. 24 (2): 251–263. doi:10.13158/heia.24.2.2011.251.
  8. ^ Hansen, Eric Steen (2004). "An initial study of lichen growth on boulders and rocks near the Mittivakkat Gletscher, South East Greenland". Graphis Scripta. 15: 33–38.
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