United States Wrestling Association
Acronym | USWA |
---|---|
Founded | 1989 |
Defunct | November 1997 |
Style | American Wrestling |
Headquarters | Memphis, Tennessee (1989–1997) |
Founder(s) | Jerry Jarrett Fritz von Erich |
Owner(s) | Jerry Jarrett (1989–1997) Kevin Von Erich (1989–1990) Jerry Lawler (1997) |
Formerly | Continental Wrestling Association World Class Championship Wrestling Pro Wrestling USA |
The United States Wrestling Association (USWA) was a professional wrestling promotion based in Memphis, Tennessee. The company was founded when the Memphis-based Continental Wrestling Association merged with the Dallas-based World Class Wrestling Association.
History[]
Foundation[]
The USWA was founded as an attempt to create a fourth national promotion, alongside Jim Crockett Promotions/WCW, AWA and the WWF (now known as WWE). The USWA was created through a merger of the WCCW (from Texas) and the CWA (based in Memphis, Tennessee). It originally promoted shows, usually headlined by Jerry Lawler, in both Tennessee and Texas.
WCCW withdraws[]
The Dallas promotion (formerly WCCW), which was 40 percent owned by the Von Erich family, withdrew from the USWA in September 1990 due to a revenue dispute. According to Skandor Akbar, there were lawsuits involved, most notably when Jerry Jarrett was sued by Kevin Von Erich. That promotion reverted to the World Class name, but ceased operations two months later due to lack of revenue.
Jerry Jarrett and Jerry Lawler brought the USWA back to Texas, but only on a limited basis, while promoters Joe Pedicino, Max Andrews, and Boni Blackstone were getting the new Global Wrestling Federation ready for a spring 1991 debut at the Sportatorium. Several of the former World Class and USWA Dallas wrestlers joined the new GWF, while others from the old CWA remained with the USWA.
Talent exchange with the WWF[]
In 1992, the USWA began a talent exchange with the WWF, which saw Lawler sign on to Vince McMahon's federation, while several high-profile WWF stars appeared in the USWA. Dallas wrestler Gentleman Chris Adams spent a few months in the USWA in an angle involving Brian Christopher and Toni Adams, splitting his time between Memphis and Dallas' GWF during this time frame.
Struggling to stay relevant during the "Monday Night Wars"[]
The wrestling landscape changed in 1995 - the Monday Night Wars began, with WWF and WCW battling for cable television supremacy on Monday nights each and every week. As for the USWA, their biggest crowds came every Monday night at the Mid-South Coliseum in Memphis, Tennessee. With a growing wrestling viewership on Monday nights that could watch pay per view-quality wrestling matches for free on television, the live attendance at the marquee events for the USWA began to dwindle. A move to Thursday nights did not help what was becoming inevitable - the demise of the USWA.
Closure[]
A combination of a poor line up, sub-standard venue, lack of talent and holding the show on a Thursday night led to a show on October 3, 1996 drawing the smallest crowd in the history of Memphis wrestling: just 372 fans, paying $1,800, to the Big One Flea Market. The future of the promotion was being questioned, following the previous week's resignation of general manager Randy Hales. The Louisville and Nashville crowds had stayed consistent, but the Memphis crowds, which in the past had carried the promotion, had fallen over the past few months. In addition, the Big One (Flea Market) pavilion was less than inviting, the zigzag roof of its original owner (The Treasury Stores) causing its major leaking problem.
Although Lawler was working for the WWF, he and Larry Burton ended up buying the USWA from Jarrett and immediately selling it to businessman Mark Selker's company XL Sports Ltd. in early 1997, and the USWA went out of business by November of that year, resulting in a nasty lawsuit between Burton, Selker, and Lawler.
In a civil RICO trial, a Federal District Court jury in Cleveland, Ohio eventually returned a verdict on which judgment was entered. The jury determined that Larry Burton and his son Jason Bertman had engaged in racketeering and awarded XL Sports treble damages in the amount of $2,595,000. The jury also determined that Mr. Burton was liable for fraud and conversion, and awarded XL Sports $235,000 in compensatory damages and $3,300,000 in punitive damages. The United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit upheld all these judgments.
Major USWA cities[]
- Memphis, Tennessee
- Dallas, Texas
- Nashville, Tennessee
- Louisville, Kentucky
- Evansville, Indiana
- Jackson, Tennessee
- Jonesboro, Arkansas
- Tupelo, Mississippi
- Tuckerman, Arkansas
- Kennett, Missouri
Championships[]
- USWA Unified World Heavyweight Championship[1]
- USWA World Tag Team Championship[2]
- USWA Television Championship[3]
- USWA Junior Heavyweight Championship[4]
- USWA Middleweight Championship[5]
- USWA Texas Heavyweight Championship[6]
- USWA Southern Heavyweight Championship[7]
- USWA Women's Championship[8]
Alumni[]
- Steve Keirn
- Stan Lane
- Curtis Thompson
- Sabu
- Sapphire
- Jim Cornette
- Rob Van Dam
- Lanny Poffo
- Doug Gilbert
- Mr. Hughes
- Jimmy Hart
- Jerry Lawler
- Dirty White Boy
- King Cobra
- The Shadow
- King Reginald
- Tony Williams
- Bill Dundee
- Big Business Brown[9]
- Brian Christopher
- The Spellbinder
- The Soultaker
- Ricky Morton
- Robert Gibson
- The Rock 'n' Roll Express
- Todd Champion
- Jeff Jarrett
- Master of Pain/The Punisher
- Tojo Yamamoto
- Jimmy Valiant
- Butch Reed
- Billy Jack Haynes
- Cactus Jack Manson
- Austin Idol
- Dustin Rhodes
- Kamala
- Eddie Gilbert
- Koko B. Ware
- Junkyard Dog
- "Dr. Death" Steve Williams
- Doug Basham
- Nate the Rat
- Man of The 90s
- The Spider
- The Gravedigger
- Sgt. Victor
- Rock 'n' Roll Phantom
- J.C. Ice
- Nightmare Danny Davis
- Wolfie D
- Flex Kavana
- John Tatum
- Stacy Carter
- The Dragon Master
- Terry Funk
- Chris Youngblood
- Mark Youngblood
- Dutch Mantel
- Sid Vicious
- Tom Prichard
- Jimmy Del Ray
- Pat Tanaka
- Bart Sawyer
- Paul Diamond
- Eric Embry
- Tommy Rich
- Gorgeous George III
- Buddy Landel
- Chris Bullock
- Clyde Coleman
- Brian Lee
- Brickhouse Brown
- Jesse James Armstrong
- Miss Texas
- The Harlem Knights
- Chris Adams
- Toni Adams
- Scotty Anthony
- Robert Fuller
- Ron Fuller
- Kerry Von Erich
- Kevin Von Erich
- Spike Huber
- The Hornet
- Richard Lee
- Freezer Thompson
- Bruiser
- The Power Twins (Larry and David Power)
- The Barroom Brawlers
- The Gambler
- The Texas Hangmen
- Marty Jannetty
- The Masters of Terror
- Matt Borne
- Eddie Marlin
- The Harris Brothers
- Tracy Smothers
- Cody Michaels
- Brad Armstrong
- Jerry Lynn
- Downtown Bruno
- Steve Doll
- Doomsday/Christmas Creature
- Jimmy Jack Funk
- Billy Travis
- Cowabunga
- The Ninja Turtle (or Cowabunga II)
- Chris Candido
- Steve Austin
- Jeanie Clarke
- Rod Price
- The Snowman
- William G. "Dutch" Nichols
- Joey Maggs
- Leatherface
- Flash Flanagan
- Candi Devine
- Axl Rotten
- Ian Rotten
- Scott Braddock
- Tekno Team 2000
- Brakkus
- Chris Champion
- Reno Riggins
- Scott Studd
- Terry Gordy
- Rex King
- New Jack
- Pez Whatley
- Johnny Hotbody
- Iceman King Parsons
- Jack Hammer
- Steven Dane
- Chris Walker
- The War Machines
- The Phantoms
- Mr. Clyde
- Homeboy
- The King Killer
- The Scorpions
- Bert Prentice
- The Colorado Kid
- Mike Samples
- Shawn Venom
- Todd Morton
- Ric Hogan
- Tony Falk
- Gary Young
- John Paul
- "Mean" Mike Miller
- Awesome Kong
- Jim Florence
- Ronnie P. Gossett
- Keith Eric
- Super Mario
- Angel of Death
- The Sandman
- Moondog Fifi[10]
- Moondog Spike
- Moondog Spot
- Moondog Rex
- Moondog Cujo
- Moondog Splat
- Big Black Dog
- Lauren Davenport
- "Dirty White Girl" Kimberly
- The American Eagles
Talent exchange wrestlers in USWA[]
Home promotion in parenthesis
- Owen Hart (WWF)
- Bret Hart (WWF)
- Mr. Perfect (WWF)
- Razor Ramon (WWF)
- Randy Savage (WWF)
- Papa Shango (WWF)
- Kerry Von Erich (WCCW)
- Chris Adams (GWF and WCCW)
- Sensational Sherri (WWF)
- Luna Vachon (WWF)
- Bob Backlund (WWF)
- The Big Bossman (WWF)
- The Steiner Brothers (WWF)
- Eddie Gilbert (GWF)
- Jim Cornette (SMW)
- Jesse James Armstrong (WWF)
- Men on a Mission (WWF)
- Giant González (WWF)
- The Headshrinkers (WWF)
- Tommy Dreamer (ECW)
- Psycho Sid Vicious (WWF)
- Tatanka (WWF)
- Ahmed Johnson (WWF)
- Beulah McGillicutty (ECW)
- The New Razor Ramon (WWF)
- Vince McMahon (WWF)
- Koko B. Ware (WWF)
- Hacksaw Jim Duggan (WWF)
- Shawn Michaels (WWF)
- Sunny (WWF)
- Mankind (WWF)
- Doink the Clown (WWF)
- Big Van Vader (WCW and WWF)
- Lex Luger (WWF)
- Harvey Wippleman (WWF)
- Isaac Yankem/The New Diesel (WWF)
- Sgt. Slaughter (WWF)
- The Undertaker (WWF)
- The Rock 'n' Roll Express (SMW)
- The Godwinns (WWF)
- The Bushwhackers (WWF)
- The Bodydonnas (WWF)
- The Smoking Gunns (WWF)
- The Orient Express (WWF)
- Adam Bomb (WWF)
- Steve Lombardi (WWF)
- Howard Finkel (WWF)
- Jimmy Hart (WWF)
- Paul Bearer (WWF)
- Barry Horowitz (WWF)
- 1-2-3 Kid (WWF)
- Justin Bradshaw (WWF)
- Bam Bam Bigelow (WWF)
- Mark Henry (WWF)
References[]
- ^ "U.S.W.A. Unified World Heavyweight Title". Puroresu Dojo. 2003. Retrieved 2007-10-09.
- ^ "U.S.W.A. Tag Team Title". Puroresu Dojo. 2003.
- ^ "U.S.W.A. Television Title". Puroresu Dojo. 2003.
- ^ "U.S.W.A. Junior Heavyweight Title". Puroresu Dojo. 2003.
- ^ Brian Westcott, Royal Duncan and Gary Will (1998). "USWA Middleweight Title History". Solie's Title Histories.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
- ^ "U.S.W.A. Texas Heavyweight Title". Puroresu Dojo. 2003.
- ^ "U.S.W.A. Southern Heavyweight Title". Puroresu Dojo. 2003.
- ^ "U.S.W.A. Women's Title". Puroresu Dojo. 2003.
- ^ "Big Business Brown's website". Big Biz. Retrieved 2012-01-01.
- ^ Oliver, Greg (July 6, 2017). "Diane Von Hoffman dead at 55". SLAM Wrestling. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
External links[]
- United States Wrestling Association
- Continental Wrestling Association
- Entertainment companies established in 1989
- Entertainment companies disestablished in 1997
- Independent professional wrestling promotions based in Tennessee
- Sports-related mergers
- World Class Championship Wrestling