Virgin Galactic Unity 22

Virgin Galactic Unity 22

VSS Unity in February 2016
Mission type	Crewed suborbital spaceflight
Operator	Virgin Galactic
Website	www.virgingalactic.com
Apogee	86.182 kilometres (53.551 miles)
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft	VSS Unity
Spacecraft type	SpaceShipTwo
Manufacturer	The Spaceship Company
Crew
Members	David Mackay Michael Masucci Sirisha Bandla Colin Bennett Beth Moses Richard Branson
Start of mission
Launch date	11 July 2021, 15:04 UTC
Launch site	Spaceport America Runway 34
Deployed from	VMS Eve
End of mission
Landing date	11 July 2021, 15:40 UTC
Landing site	Spaceport America Runway 34
Spaceport America Unity 22 flight insignias VSS Unity spaceflights ← Unity 21 Unity 23 →

Virgin Galactic Unity 22 was a sub-orbital spaceflight of the SpaceShipTwo-class VSS Unity which launched on 11 July 2021.^[1] The crew consisted of pilots David Mackay and Michael Masucci as well as passengers Sirisha Bandla, Colin Bennett, Beth Moses, and Richard Branson.^[2]

Background[]

On 7 June 2021, Jeff Bezos announced that he planned to be on the first crewed flight of his company Blue Origin, which meant being aboard the first crewed flight to space (suborbital) of a private enterprise fully funded by private money.^[3] In the following days, rumors began to spread that Richard Branson was filing paperwork to make a similar suborbital flight as part of his own private enterprise, beating Bezos to claim such a first achievement.

There has been debate whether Virgin Galactic, which gets close to, but does not reach, the Kármán line, would in fact be achieving such a first commercial private flight to space.^[4] The United States and NASA defines the border of space to be 80 km (50 miles) above Earth (which is approximately the minimum possible altitude a satellite on a highly elliptical Earth orbit can reach and sustain its velocity). All other spacefaring countries and the FAI define outer space as above the Kármán line at 100 kilometres (62 mi).

Despite the rivalry (dubbed the "billionaire space race"), shortly before the flight, Bezos offered well wishes to Branson.^[5] SpaceX founder and chief executive officer Elon Musk met with Branson shortly before the flight.^[6]

Crew[]

Position	Crew
Pilot	David Mackay Third spaceflight
Co-Pilot	Michael Masucci Second spaceflight
Passenger	Sirisha Bandla First spaceflight
Passenger	Colin Bennett First spaceflight
Passenger	Beth Moses Second spaceflight
Passenger	Richard Branson First spaceflight

Flight[]

Richard Branson receives his Virgin Galactic astronaut wings, in the after ceremony

At 8:40 AM MDT on 11 July 2021, Unity's mother ship VMS Eve took off carrying VSS Unity in a parasite configuration to be drop launched. During ascent a red warning light indicated a deviation from the ship's entry glide cone, but the flight was able to proceed and land successfully regardless. ^[7] Two minutes and 38 seconds after release from Eve, Unity reached apogee at a 282773 ft (ca. 86.189 km or 53.6 miles) altitude (below the FAI's space boundary, the Kármán line's upper border at 100 km altitude, but above the United States' space boundary at 50 mi (26400 ft) and just above the mesopause at 86.182 km (53.551 mi).^[8] The persons on board experienced about four minutes of weightlessness. Unity then glided to a landing, 14 minutes and 17 seconds after release from Eve.^[9]

Due to the entry glide cone deviation and a departure from the planned route, the flight would later come under investigation by the Federal Aviation Administration. Virgin Galactic disputed the safety impact of the deviation, and noted they were cooperating with the FAA in the investigation, in a public statement.^[10] On September 2, 2021 it was publicly announced that SpaceShipTwo would be grounded by FAA order until the investigation into the flight deviance was complete.^[11] Former Virgin Galactic test pilot Mark P. Stucky would publicly call out on Twitter the flight deviation and Virgin Galactic's response by saying: "The most misleading statement today was Virgin Galactic's. The facts are the pilots failed to trim to achieve the proper pitch rate, the winds were well within limits, they did nothing of substance to address the trajectory error, and entered Class A airspace without authorization."^[12] The FAA cleared SpaceShipTwo flights to resume later in September, after deciding to expand the restricted aerospace around the vehicle's flight range.^[13]

References[]

External links[]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Virgin Galactic VSS Unity flight 22.

• N202VG Virgin Galactic 1 Flight tracking history log