WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the WIPI2 gene .[5] [6]
Function [ ] WD40 repeat proteins are key components of many essential biologic functions. They regulate the assembly of multiprotein complexes by presenting a beta-propeller platform for simultaneous and reversible protein-protein interactions. Members of the WIPI subfamily of WD40 repeat proteins, such as WIPI2, have a 7-bladed propeller structure and contain a conserved motif for interaction with phospholipids.[5] [6]
WIPI2 is the mammalian homolog of Atg18, not Atg21, along with the closely related protein, WIPI1 . WIPI2 mRNA is readily detectable in several commonly used laboratory cell lines (HEK293A, HeLa, A431) and several cancer cell lines, while WIPI1 expression is limited to cancer cells[citation needed (but is also detected in many human tissues).
The Atg proteins regulate autophagy , which is a lysosomal degradation pathway required for maintaining cell health, surviving periods of nutrient deprivation and also plays a role in cancer, neurodegeneration and immune responses to a diverse range of pathogens.[7]
See also [ ] References [ ]
^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000157954 - Ensembl , May 2017^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000029578 - Ensembl , May 2017^ "Human PubMed Reference:" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine .^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine .^ a b Proikas-Cezanne T, Waddell S, Gaugel A, Frickey T, Lupas A, Nordheim A (Dec 2004). "WIPI-1alpha (WIPI49), a member of the novel 7-bladed WIPI protein family, is aberrantly expressed in human cancer and is linked to starvation-induced autophagy" . Oncogene . 23 (58): 9314–25. doi :10.1038/sj.onc.1208331 PMID 15602573 . ^ a b "Entrez Gene: WIPI2 WD repeat domain, phosphoinositide interacting 2" .^ Orsi A, Polson HE, Tooze SA (December 2009). "Membrane trafficking events that partake in autophagy". Curr Opin Cell Biol . 22 (2): 150–6. doi :10.1016/j.ceb.2009.11.013 . PMID 20036114 .
* Polson HE, de Lartigue J, Rigden DJ, Reedijk M, Urbé S, Clague MJ, Tooze SA (2010). "Mammalian Atg18 (WIPI2) localizes to omegasome-anchored phagophores and positively regulates LC3 lipidation" . Autophagy . 6 (4): 506–22. doi :10.4161/auto.6.4.11863 PMID 20505359 .
Further reading [ ]
Mehrle A, Rosenfelder H, Schupp I, et al. (2006). "The LIFEdb database in 2006" . Nucleic Acids Res . 34 (Database issue): D415–8. doi :10.1093/nar/gkj139 . PMC 1347501 PMID 16381901 . Wiemann S, Arlt D, Huber W, et al. (2004). "From ORFeome to Biology: A Functional Genomics Pipeline" . Genome Res . 14 (10B): 2136–44. doi :10.1101/gr.2576704 . PMC 528930 PMID 15489336 . Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)" . Genome Res . 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi :10.1101/gr.2596504 . PMC 528928 PMID 15489334 . Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs" . Nat. Genet . 36 (1): 40–5. doi :10.1038/ng1285 PMID 14702039 . Hillier LW, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, et al. (2003). "The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7" . Nature . 424 (6945): 157–64. doi :10.1038/nature01782 PMID 12853948 . Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences" . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A . 99 (26): 16899–903. doi :10.1073/pnas.242603899 PMC 139241 PMID 12477932 . Simpson JC, Wellenreuther R, Poustka A, et al. (2001). "Systematic subcellular localization of novel proteins identified by large-scale cDNA sequencing" . EMBO Rep . 1 (3): 287–92. doi :10.1093/embo-reports/kvd058 . PMC 1083732 PMID 11256614 . Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R, et al. (2001). "Toward a Catalog of Human Genes and Proteins: Sequencing and Analysis of 500 Novel Complete Protein Coding Human cDNAs" . Genome Res . 11 (3): 422–35. doi :10.1101/gr.GR1547R . PMC 311072 PMID 11230166 . Hartley JL, Temple GF, Brasch MA (2001). "DNA Cloning Using In Vitro Site-Specific Recombination" . Genome Res . 10 (11): 1788–95. doi :10.1101/gr.143000 . PMC 310948 PMID 11076863 . Lai CH, Chou CY, Ch'ang LY, et al. (2000). "Identification of Novel Human Genes Evolutionarily Conserved in Caenorhabditis elegans by Comparative Proteomics" . Genome Res . 10 (5): 703–13. doi :10.1101/gr.10.5.703 . PMC 310876 PMID 10810093 . <Please add first missing authors to populate metadata.> (1999). "Toward a complete human genome sequence" . Genome Res . 8 (11): 1097–108. doi :10.1101/gr.8.11.1097 PMID 9847074 .
