White-headed woodpecker
| White-headed woodpecker | |
|---|---|
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| Male white-headed woodpecker | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Piciformes |
| Family: | Picidae |
| Genus: | Leuconotopicus |
| Species: | L. albolarvatus
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| Binomial name | |
| Leuconotopicus albolarvatus (Cassin, 1850)
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| Subspecies | |
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| White-headed woodpecker range | |
| Synonyms | |
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Picoides albolarvatus | |
The white-headed woodpecker (Leuconotopicus albolarvatus) is a non-migratory woodpecker that resides in pine forests of the mountains of western North America. It has a black body (approximately 20 cm (7.9 in) long) and white head. It has white primary feathers that form a crescent in flight. Males have a red spot at the back of the head. Some taxonomic authorities, including the American Ornithological Society, continue to place this species in the genus Picoides.
The range of the white-headed woodpecker stretches in the mountains from British Columbia through southern California. They form nests in dead trees or snags and reproduce once per year.
Most of the range is occupied by the nominate subspecies. In the southern part of the range, L. a. gravirostris, which has a longer bill - especially in males - and tail, is only found on mountaintops of the San Gabriel Mountains to San Diego County. Birds on Mount Pinos are somewhat intermediate. mtDNA cytochrome b and ATP synthase subunit 6 sequence data confirms this arrangement and also suggests that the Mount Pinos birds are closer to L. a. gravirostris (Alexander & Burns, 2006). Apparently, the larger bill of the southern subspecies is an adaptation for being better able to feed on the large, spiny cones of Coulter pines (Pinus coulteri).
References[]
- ^ BirdLife International (2016). "Leuconotopicus albolarvatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22681169A92895670. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22681169A92895670.en.
- Alexander, Matthew P.; Burns, Kevin J. (2006). "Intraspecific Phylogeography and Adaptive Divergence in the White-headed Woodpecker". Condor. 108 (3): 489–508. doi:10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[489:IPAADI]2.0.CO;2.
External links[]
Media related to Leuconotopicus albolarvatus at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Picoides albolarvatus at Wikispecies- USGS Forest and Rangeland birds
- White-headed woodpecker, a bibliographic resource
- White-headed woodpecker photo gallery at VIREO (Drexel University)
- "White-headed woodpecker media". Internet Bird Collection.
- IUCN Red List least concern species
- Leuconotopicus
- Native birds of Western Canada
- Native birds of the Northwestern United States
- Native birds of the West Coast of the United States
- Birds of the U.S. Sierra Nevada
- Fauna of the California chaparral and woodlands
- Birds described in 1850
- Taxa named by John Cassin