Yakbim Sekhaenre

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Yakbim Sekhaenre
Scarab seal of Sekhaenre, now likely in the Petrie Museum
Scarab seal of Sekhaenre, now likely in the Petrie Museum
Pharaoh
Reignc. 25 years, 1805-1780 BCE (Ryholt)[1] (likely 14th Dynasty[1])
Predecessornone (founder)[1]
SuccessorYa'ammu Nubwoserre[2]
Prenomen  (Praenomen)
Sekhaenre
He who appears through Ra[3]
N5O34N28
D36		 n
Nomen
Yakbim[3]
iiV31D58n
n
n

Sekhaenre Yakbim or Yakbmu[4] was a ruler during the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt. Although his dynastic and temporal collocation is disputed, Danish Egyptologist Kim Ryholt believes that he likely was the founder of the Levantine-blooded Fourteenth Dynasty,[1] while in older literature he was mainly considered a member of the Sixteenth Dynasty.[3]

Identification[]

His name never appears inside a cartouche, which was a pharaonic prerogative; nevertheless, on his seals he is usually called "the good god, Sekhaenre" (or simply "Sekhaenre") and "the son of Ra, Yakbim".[3]

There is no direct evidence that Yakbim's throne name was Sekhaenre. This theory is based on stylistic features of the seals and was proposed by William Ayres Ward[5] and later elaborated on by Ryholt;[6] disputed this identification, pointing out that the seals of the several rulers living during this period are too similar to make such correlations on the basis of mere design features.[4]

Assuming that Ward was right, Sekhaenre Yakbim is attested by a remarkable 123 seals, second only – for this period – to the 396 of Sheshi.[7] Based on that, Ryholt estimated for him a reign length of around 25 years, in the interval 1805–1780 BCE.[1]

Israeli Egyptologist Raphael Giveon identified Yakbim with another ruler of the same period, Ya'ammu Nubwoserre, while Jürgen von Beckerath equated Yakbim with Salitis, the Manethonian founder of the Fifteenth Dynasty.[3]

References[]

  1. ^ a b c d e Ryholt (1997), p. 409
  2. ^ Ryholt (1997), p. 96
  3. ^ a b c d e Sekhaenre Yakbim on Egyphica.net
  4. ^ a b Ben-Tor (2010), pp. 99ff
  5. ^ Ward (1984), pp. 163ff
  6. ^ Ryholt (1997), pp. 41–47
  7. ^ Ryholt (1997), p. 199

Bibliography[]

  • Ben-Tor, D. (2010). "Sequences and chronology of Second Intermediate Period royal-name scarabs, based on excavated series from Egypt and the Levant". In Marcel Marée (ed.). The Second Intermediate Period (Thirteenth–Seventeenth Dynasties): Current Research, Future Prospects. Orientalia Lovaniensa Analecta. Vol. 192. Leuven: Peeters. pp. 91–108. ISBN 9789042922280.
  • Ryholt, K. S. B. (1997). The Political Situation in Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period, c. 1800-1550 BC. Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press. ISBN 87-7289-421-0.
  • Ward, W. A. (1984). "Royal-name scarabs". In Olga Tufnell (ed.). Scarab Seals and their Contribution to History in the Early Second Millennium B.C. Studies on Scarab Seals. Vol. 2. Warminster: Aris & Phillips. pp. 151–192. ISBN 9780856681301.

External links[]

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