Yellow grease

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A bin for spent cooking oil in Austin, Texas, United States, managed by a recycling company.

Yellow grease, also termed used cooking oil (UCO), used vegetable oil (UVO), recycled vegetable oil, or waste vegetable oil (WVO), is recovered from businesses and industry that use the oil for cooking.

It is used to feed livestock, and to manufacture soap, make-up, clothes, rubber, and detergents.[1] Due to competition from these other industrial sectors, the EIA estimates that less than a third of yellow grease could be spared for biodiesel production annually.[2]

It is distinct from brown grease; yellow grease is typically used frying oils from deep fryers, whereas brown grease is sourced from grease interceptors.[3]

Other uses of the term[]

Yellow grease can also refer to lower-quality grades of tallow (cow or sheep fat) from animal rendering plants.

The term has been in use for some time. A source from 1896 describes it as follows: "Yellow grease is made by packers. All the refuse materials of the packing houses go into the yellow grease tank, together with any hogs which may die on the packers' hands."[4]

Market and Use[]

The global used cooking oil market was 5.50 billion USD in 2019 and expected to grow at 6% CAGR to reach 8.48 billion USD in 2027. [5]

The market for biodiesel/renewable diesel has reached 2.8 billion gallons with more than 3 billion gallons online today. Expectations are for 6 billion gallons by 2030. [6]

The Industry - Used Cooking Oil Collectors[]

The industry which collects and renders yellow grease to make refined used cooking oil is dominated by a number of very large companies-Dar-pro (Darling Ingredients), RTI, Baker Commodities, Valley Proteins, MOPAC and others.[7]

No reliable statistics exist on the number of smaller to mid-size companies who collect yellow grease and either sell or render it to produce refined used cooking oil. Estimates run to a couple of hundred. Even so, theft is common and many “companies” may remain unregistered.[8]

This formerly Mom and Pop industry, the collection of used cooking oil, has grown to the point where fleets of trucks, regional and nationwide coverage and large processing plants are commonplace and consulting groups and software companies play an increasingly prominent role. Automated collection and storage systems for used cooking oil are rising dramatically.

ERP (enterprise resource planning) Management software, route optimization tools, fill rate tracking, CRM (customer relationship management) and automated contracts are becoming the norm and a prerequisite for UCO collectors (greasers) to manage rapid growth in the collection of used cooking oil. Companies are beginning to create CRMs and route management software specific to the needs of UCO collectors.[9]

The Industry - Oil Renderers[]

The recycling of waste cooking oil (aka restaurant grease, used cooking oil or yellow grease) is a process known as “rendering”. During the rendering process fatty acid is separated from the moisture, the solids and any impurities that are present in the waste cooking oil. The rendering of waste cooking oil produces one usable element and several waste elements.

Some collectors do their own rendering while others may sell their grease for a lower price to a company with the space and equipment to do so.

Refined used cooking oil is what is left after separation of solids and moisture from yellow grease. Refined used cooking oil is the base for producing biodiesel and renewable diesel.[10]

Refined used cooking oil then goes through either to transesterification to produce biodiesel or hydrodeoxygenation to produce renewable diesel.

See also[]

Notes[]

  1. ^ Murphy, Denis J. Plant lipids: biology, utilization, and manipulation. Wiley-Blackwell, 2005, p. 117.
  2. ^ Radich, Anthony Biodiesel Performance, Costs, and Use
  3. ^ Brown Grease Feedstocks for Biodiesel. K. Shaine Tyson, National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Available from . Retrieved January 31, 2009
  4. ^ Brannt, William Theodore and Schaedlerm Karl. A practical treatise on animal and vegetable fats and oils. H.C. Baird, 1896, p. 110.
  5. ^ "Fortune Business Insights™ | Global Market Research Report & Consulting". www.fortunebusinessinsights.com. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  6. ^ "National Biodiesel Board Meets 3 Billion Gallons this National Biodiesel Day". Default. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  7. ^ "Baker Commodities | Grease Recycling & Animal Rendering". Baker Commodities. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  8. ^ Casiano, Louis (2019-06-21). "Authorities: Theft ring stole $4 million in used cooking oil". Fox News. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  9. ^ "C.O.S.T Software: Your Company's Solution". Reiter Software. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  10. ^ "Waste Cooking Oil 101". Retrieved 2021-05-29.

External links[]

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