1919 New Zealand general election
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All 80 seats in the New Zealand House of Representatives 41 seats were needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Turnout | 80.5% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Results of the election. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The 1919 New Zealand general election was held on Tuesday, 16 December in the Māori electorates and on Wednesday, 17 December in the general electorates to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 20th session of the New Zealand Parliament. A total number of 560,673 (80.5%) voters turned out to vote.[1]
In 1919 women won the right to be elected to the House of Representatives. The law was changed late that year, and with only three weeks' notice, three women stood for Parliament.
They were Ellen Melville in Grey Lynn, Rosetta Baume in Parnell, and Aileen Cooke in Thames. Ellen Melville stood for the Reform Party and came second. She stood for Parliament several more times and generally polled well but never won a seat.
Results[]
Though Labour Party captured only eight seats it received nearly a quarter of the votes – a shock to conservative minds due to Labour being founded only three years earlier in 1916.[2]
Party totals[]
Election results | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidates | Total votes | Percentage | Seats won | |
Reform Party | 67 | 197,041 | 35.63 | 45 | |
Liberal Party[nb 1] | 66 | 166,675 | 30.14 | 19 | |
Labour Party | 59 | 134,094 | 24.25 | 8 | |
Independents[nb 2] | 39 | 55,161 | 9.98 | 8 | |
Total valid votes | 552,971 | 80 | |||
Informal votes | 7,702 | 1.37 | |||
Registered voters | 683,420 |
- ^ Includes one MP returned unopposed, and one Independent Liberal
- ^ Includes ex-members of the three main parties as well as long-standing Independents
Votes summary[]
Electorate results[]
The table below shows the results of the 1919 general election:
Key
Reform | Liberal | Labour | Liberal–Labour | |||||
Independent Liberal | Independent Labour | Independent |
Electorate | Incumbent | Winner | Majority | Runner up | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
General electorates | |||||||
Ashburton | William Nosworthy | 1,493 | William Dickie | ||||
Auckland Central | Albert Glover | Bill Parry | 786 | Albert Glover | |||
Auckland East | Arthur Myers | 158 | Clutha Mackenzie | ||||
Auckland West | Charles Poole | Michael Joseph Savage | 533 | Charles Frederick Bennett[4] | |||
Avon | George Russell | Dan Sullivan | 1,648 | George Russell | |||
Awarua | Joseph Ward | John Hamilton | 757 | Joseph Ward | |||
Bay of Islands | Vernon Reed | 1,195 | St. Claire Jounneaux | ||||
Bay of Plenty | William MacDonald | 1,234 | Kenneth Williams | ||||
Bruce | James Allen | 126 | John Edie | ||||
Buller | James Colvin | Harry Holland | 1,003 | Denis Quinlan O'Brien[4] | |||
Chalmers | James Dickson | 883 | John Gilchrist | ||||
Christchurch East | Henry Thacker | 1,940 | Hiram Hunter | ||||
Christchurch North | Leonard Isitt | 2,403 | Tim Armstrong | ||||
Christchurch South | Harry Ell | Ted Howard | 1,675 | Henry Holland | |||
Clutha | Alexander Malcolm | 134 | Robert Alexander Rodger[5][6] | ||||
Dunedin Central | Charles Statham | 497 | Jim Munro | ||||
Dunedin North | Andrew Walker | Edward Kellett | 806 | Andrew Walker | |||
Dunedin South | Thomas Sidey | 84 | Tom Paul | ||||
Dunedin West | William Downie Stewart | 2,421 | John Arthur Brown[7][8] | ||||
Eden | James Parr | 1,854 | Oscar McBrine | ||||
Egmont | Charles Wilkinson | Oswald Hawken | 191 | David Lyon Abbott Astbury | |||
Ellesmere | Heaton Rhodes | 749 | George Barclay | ||||
Franklin | William Massey | 3,030 | Joseph Rea | ||||
Gisborne | James Carroll | Douglas Lysnar | 373 | James Carroll | |||
Grey Lynn | John Payne | Fred Bartram | 481 | Ellen Melville | |||
Hawke's Bay | John Findlay | Hugh Campbell | 942 | Gilbert McKay | |||
Hurunui | George Forbes | 667 | John George Armstrong[9] | ||||
Hutt | Thomas Wilford | 1,005 | David Pritchard | ||||
Invercargill | Josiah Hanan | 1,403 | John Archer | ||||
Kaiapoi | David Buddo | David Jones | 50 | David Buddo | |||
Kaipara | Gordon Coates | 3,291 | Alfred Gregory | ||||
Lyttelton | James McCombs | 577 | Robert Macartney[4] | ||||
Manawatu | New electorate | Edward Newman | 866 | Alfred Hillier | |||
Manukau | Frederic Lang | 2,508 | Rex Mason | ||||
Marsden | Francis Mander | 189 | Alfred Murdoch | ||||
Masterton | George Sykes | George Sykes | 344 | A C Holms | |||
Mataura | George Anderson | 1,336 | David McDougall | ||||
Motueka | Richard Hudson | 661 | Percy Power | ||||
Napier | Vigor Brown | 54 | Frederick Charles Evans[10][11] | ||||
Nelson | Thomas Field | Harry Atmore | 510 | Thomas Field | |||
Oamaru | Ernest Lee | 276 | John MacPherson | ||||
Ohinemuri | Hugh Poland | 555 | J Clark | ||||
Oroua | David Guthrie | 1,843 | E J Tunnicliffe | ||||
Otaki | William Hughes Field | 1,232 | James McKenzie | ||||
Pahiatua | Harold Smith | Archibald McNicol | 170 | Robert Ross | |||
Palmerston | Jimmy Nash | 1,004 | Moses Ayrton[12] | ||||
Parnell | James Samuel Dickson | 3,419 | Tom Bloodworth | ||||
Patea | George Pearce | Walter Powdrell | 255 | William Morrison | |||
Raglan | Richard Bollard | 988 | Bill Jordan | ||||
Rangitikei | Edward Newman | Billy Glenn | 635 | F P Brady[13] | |||
Riccarton | George Witty | 626 | William Russell Devereux[14] | ||||
Roskill | New electorate | Vivian Potter | 1,854 | James Gunson | |||
Rotorua | New electorate | Frank Hockly | 1,733 | Malcolm Larney[15] | |||
Stratford | John Hine | Robert Masters | 61 | John Hine | |||
Taranaki | Sydney George Smith | Sydney George Smith | 1,023 | Buckeridge | |||
Tauranga | William Herries | 1,860 | Benjamin Robbins[16] | ||||
Temuka | Charles Talbot | Thomas Burnett | 31 | Charles Talbot | |||
Thames | Thomas William Rhodes | 1,590 | W J McCormick | ||||
Timaru | James Craigie | James Craigie | 1,519 | Percy Vinnell | |||
Waikato | Alexander Young | 2,893 | P H Watts | ||||
Waimarino | Robert William Smith | 643 | Frank Langstone | ||||
Waipawa | George Hunter | 274 | Albert Jull | ||||
Wairarapa | J. T. Marryat Hornsby | Alexander McLeod | 540 | J. T. Marryat Hornsby | |||
Wairau | Richard McCallum | 796 | B J Cooke | ||||
Waitaki | John Anstey | John Bitchener | 472 | John Anstey | |||
Waitemata | Alexander Harris | 1,419 | Arthur Edwin Greenslade[17] | ||||
Waitomo | New electorate | William Jennings | 377 | K C Wilson | |||
Wakatipu | William Fraser | James Horn | 801 | Robert Scott | |||
Wallace | John Charles Thomson | Adam Hamilton | 43 | John Charles Thomson | |||
Wanganui | Bill Veitch | 1,703 | William J. Cuttle | ||||
Wellington Central | Peter Fraser | 1,056 | Frederick Pirani[4] | ||||
Wellington East | Alfred Newman | 1,058 | Alec Monteith | ||||
Wellington North | John Luke | 1,065 | H. Oakley Browne | ||||
Wellington South | Bob Semple | George Mitchell | 1,426 | Bob Semple | |||
Wellington Suburbs | Robert Wright | 1,127 | Alexander Croskery | ||||
Westland | Tom Seddon | 1,497 | James O'Brien | ||||
Māori electorates | |||||||
Eastern Maori | Āpirana Ngata | Uncontested | |||||
Northern Maori | Taurekareka Henare | 1,629 | Nau Parone Kawiti | ||||
Southern Maori | Hopere Uru | 207 | Riki te Mairaki Taiaroa | ||||
Western Maori | Māui Pōmare | 1,424 | Ngarangi Katitia |
Summary of changes[]
A boundary redistribution resulted in the abolition of four electorates:[18]
- Grey, held by Harry Holland
- Otago Central, held by Robert Scott
- Selwyn, held by William Dickie
- Taumarunui, held by William Thomas Jennings
- Wellington Suburbs and Country, held by Robert Wright
At the same time, four new electorates were created:[19][20]
- Manawatu, previously abolished in 1911
- Roskill, first created through the 1918 electoral redistribution
- Rotorua, first created through the 1918 electoral redistribution
- Waitomo, first created through the 1918 electoral redistribution
- Wellington Suburbs, previously abolished in 1911
Notes[]
- ^ "General elections 1853–2005 – dates & turnout". Elections New Zealand. Archived from the original on 14 November 2014. Retrieved 12 January 2011.
- ^ Lipson 2011, p. 211.
- ^ Hislop, J. (1921). The General Election, 1919. National Library. pp. 1–6. Retrieved 6 December 2014.
- ^ a b c d Gustafson 1980, p. 181.
- ^ "Clutha". Otago Daily Times (17779). 11 November 1919. p. 6. Retrieved 1 August 2020.
- ^ Dickson, Amanda Rodger (23 September 2011). "West Otago A & P Society". Amanda Rodger Dickson at Wordpress. Retrieved 1 August 2020.
- ^ Gustafson 1980, p. 155.
- ^ "The election campaign". Evening Star (17218). 6 December 1919. p. 6. Retrieved 1 August 2020.
- ^ "Notice of nominations received". The Press. LV (16701). 9 December 1919. p. 10. Retrieved 1 August 2020.
- ^ "Notice of Nominations Received". Hawke's Bay Tribune. IX (303). 9 December 1919. p. 6. Retrieved 16 October 2015.
- ^ "Napier". Hawera & Normanby Star. LXXIV. 7 November 1919. p. 5. Retrieved 16 October 2015.
- ^ Brown, Colin. "Moses Ayrton". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 28 December 2013.
- ^ Gustafson 1980, p. 154.
- ^ "Notice of Nominations Received". The Press. LV (16702). 10 December 1919. p. 12. Retrieved 20 December 2014.
- ^ "Rotorua Seat". Auckland Star. L (282). 27 November 1919. p. 11. Retrieved 12 December 2014.
- ^ "Liberal Selection for Tauranga". Wairarapa Daily Times. 45 (13977). 11 November 1919. p. 5. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
- ^ "Waitemata Parliamentary Election". Observer. XL (14). 6 December 1919. p. 12. Retrieved 5 December 2014.
- ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 75–80.
- ^ Wilson 1985, pp. 266–276.
- ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 79f.
- ^ Results for the United Labour Party (3 seats, 4.2%) and Social Democratic Party (2 seats, 4.2%).
References[]
- Gustafson, Barry (1980). Labour's path to political independence: The Origins and Establishment of the New Zealand Labour Party, 1900–19. Auckland, New Zealand: Auckland University Press. ISBN 0-19-647986-X.
- Lipson, Leslie (2011) [1948]. The Politics of Equality: New Zealand's Adventures in Democracy. Wellington: Victoria University Press. ISBN 978-0-86473-646-8.
- McRobie, Alan (1989). Electoral Atlas of New Zealand. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8.
- Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.
- 1919 New Zealand general election