1975 Finnish parliamentary election

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Parliamentary elections were held in Finland on 21 and 22 September 1975.[1]

Background[]

Prime Minister Kalevi Sorsa's Social Democratic Party government survived until June 1975. It resigned because of internal disagreements over the ways to combat Finland's recession, which had largely been caused by the 1973 oil crisis, as well as the government's increased spending and taxes. The Social Democrats and Centre Party also disagreed on regional policy over the extent to which the national government should re-distribute power and tax revenues to cities, towns and administrative provinces.

President Urho Kekkonen had gradually become dissatisfied with the performance of Prime Minister Sorsa, Finance Minister Johannes Virolainen and Foreign Minister Ahti Karjalainen: either they were not competent, diligent or courageous enough, or they spent too much time in partisan disputes, or - in Virolainen's case, especially - their foreign policy ability or understanding was not good enough. Although Helsinki was to host the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe (CSCE) at the end of July and at the start of August 1975, Kekkonen did not worry about the possibly negative effect on Finland's international image of having a caretaker government. He appointed it, and chose Keijo Liinamaa of the Social Democratic Party as Prime Minister, who was the state labour disputes mediator.

Campaign[]

The opposition parties campaigned with varied slogans; the Finnish People's Democratic League claimed to be loyal supporters of Kekkonen's foreign policy towards the Soviet Union and to be even more faithful defenders of the working class than the Social Democrats; the National Coalition Party promised voters lower taxes and more security; the Finnish Rural Party bitterly condemned Kekkonen's allegedly authoritarian presidency, and his "servile" foreign policy towards the Soviet Union.

The right-wing Constitutional People's Party accused Kekkonen of violating the Constitution's spirit by forcing Parliament to re-elect him as President through an exceptional law in 1973, and the Finnish Christian League kept opposing abortion, pornography, the sale of beer in grocery stores, and the public mocking of Christian values.

Results[]

1975 Eduskunta.svg
Party Votes % Seats +/–
Social Democratic Party 683,590 24.9 54 –1
Finnish People's Democratic League 519,483 18.9 40 +3
National Coalition Party 505,145 18.4 35 +1
Centre Party 484,772 17.6 39 +4
Swedish People's Party 128,211 4.7 9 0
Liberal People's Party 119,534 4.3 9 +2
Finnish Rural Party 98,815 3.6 2 –16
Finnish Christian League 90,599 3.6 9 +5
Finnish People's Unity Party 45,402 1.7 1 New
Constitutional People's Party 43,344 1.6 1 New
Party of Finnish Entrepreneurs 11,475 0.4 0 New
Åland Coalition 9,482 0.3 1 0
Socialist Workers Party 9,457 0.3 0 New
Others 509 0.0 0
Invalid/blank votes 11,405
Total 2,761,223 100 200 0
Registered voters/turnout 3,741,460 73.8
Source: Tilastokeskus 2004,[2] Suomen virallinen tilasto[3]
Popular vote
SDP
24.86%
SKDL
18.89%
KOK
18.37%
KESK
17.63%
RKP
4.66%
LKP
4.35%
SMP
3.59%
SKL
3.29%
SKYP
1.65%
SPK
1.58%
Others
1.12%
Parliament seats
SDP
27.00%
SKDL
20.00%
KESK
19.50%
KOK
17.50%
RKP
4.50%
LKP
4.50%
SKL
4.50%
SMP
1.00%
SKYP
0.50%
SPK
0.50%
Others
0.50%

Aftermath[]

Government formation in the midst of a quickly deepening recession and after an inconclusive election proved very painstaking. Veteran Centrist politician Martti Miettunen finally succeeded, with the help of Kekkonen's strongly-worded televised speech, in forming a centre-left majority "emergency" government in November 1975. It lasted until September 1976, when the Social Democrats and Finnish People's Democratic League left it. Miettunen then formed a centrist minority government.[4][5][6][7][8]

References[]

  1. ^ Nohlen, D & Stöver, P (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p606 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
  2. ^ 595. Eduskuntavaalit 1927–2003 (Tilastokeskus 2004)
  3. ^ Suomen virallinen tilasto 29 A, XXXIII
  4. ^ Seppo Zetterberg et al (2003) A Small Giant of the Finnish History, WSOY
  5. ^ Raino Westerholm (1978) Into a Christian Society, Kirjayhtymä
  6. ^ Veikko Vennamo (1989) As a Prisoner of the Kekkonen Dictatorship, Gummerus
  7. ^ Kimmo Rentola (2005) A Ghost of Revolution: The Left, Belyakov and Kekkonen, Otava
  8. ^ Georg C. Ehrnrooth (1999) Amid the Crocodiles: Memories from the Cold War Decades, Schildts
Retrieved from ""