2019 PBA season

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2019 PBA season
PBA 2019 logo.png
2019 PBA season
DurationJanuary 13, 2019 – January 17, 2020
Number of teams12
TV partner(s)Local:
ESPN 5
5
PBA Rush (HD)
International:
AksyonTV International
Online:
ESPN Player
Draft
Top draft pickCJ Perez
Picked byColumbian Dyip
Conferences
Philippine Cup championsSan Miguel Beermen
  Runners-upMagnolia Hotshots
Commissioner's cup championsSan Miguel Beermen
  Runners-upTNT Katropa
Governors' Cup championsBarangay Ginebra San Miguel
  Runners-upMeralco Bolts
Awards
Season MVPJune Mar Fajardo
(San Miguel Beermen)
Top scorerCJ Perez
(Columbian Dyip)
Seasons

The 2019 PBA season was the 44th season of the Philippine Basketball Association. The league continued to use the three-conference format, starting with the Philippine Cup. The Commissioner's Cup and the Governors' Cup are the second and third conferences in the upcoming season.

Due to the major adjustments in the league calendar, the start of the league's 44th season was set to January 13, 2019. This was the first time since 2003 that the league opened their season in January or February. The PBA Leo Awards will be held during the opening ceremonies of the 2019 season while the 2018 PBA draft is set on December 16.[1] The schedule is also affected by the Philippine national team's participation in the 2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup and the Southeast Asian Games.[2]

The 2019 PBA All-Star Game was played from March 29 to 31, 2019 at Calasiao, Pangasinan.

Executive board[]

  • Commissioner: Willie Marcial
  • Chairman: Ricky Vargas (Representing TNT KaTropa)
  • Vice-Chairman: Richard Bachmann (Representing Alaska Aces)
  • Treasurer: Raymond T. Zorrilla (Representing Phoenix Pulse Fuel Masters)

Teams[]

Team Company Governor Coach Captain
Alaska Aces Alaska Milk Corporation Richard Bachmann Alex Compton JVee Casio
Barangay Ginebra San Miguel Ginebra San Miguel, Inc. Alfrancis Chua Tim Cone LA Tenorio
Blackwater Elite Ever Bilena Cosmetics, Inc. Silliman Sy Bong Ramos Mike Cortez
Columbian Dyip Columbian Autocar Corporation Bobby Rosales Johnedel Cardel Glenn Khobuntin
Magnolia Hotshots San Miguel Pure Foods Company, Inc. Rene Pardo Chito Victolero Rafi Reavis
Meralco Bolts Manila Electric Company Al Panlilio Norman Black Reynel Hugnatan
NLEX Road Warriors Metro Pacific Investments Corporation Rodrigo Franco Yeng Guiao Asi Taulava
NorthPort Batang Pier Sultan 900 Capital, Inc. Eric Arejola Pido Jarencio Sean Anthony
Phoenix Pulse Fuel Masters Phoenix Petroleum Philippines, Inc. Raymond Zorrilla Louie Alas LA Revilla
Rain or Shine Elasto Painters Asian Coatings Philippines, Inc. Mamerto Mondragon Caloy Garcia Gabe Norwood
San Miguel Beermen San Miguel Brewery, Inc. Robert Non Leo Austria Arwind Santos
TNT KaTropa Smart Communications Ricky Vargas Bong Ravena Jayson Castro

Arenas[]

Like several Metro Manila-centric leagues, most games are held at arenas within Metro Manila, either the Smart Araneta Coliseum or the Mall of Asia Arena, and sometimes, in the Ynares Center in Antipolo. Games outside this area are called "out-of-town" games, and are usually played on Saturdays. Provincial arenas usually host one game, rarely two; these arenas typically host only once per season, but a league may return within a season if the turnout is satisfactory.

Typically, all playoff games are held in Metro Manila arenas, although playoff and Finals games have been seldom played in the provinces.

Main arenas[]

Main arenas of the PBA in Metro Manila and Rizal
Arena City
Cuneta Astrodome Pasay
Mall of Asia Arena Pasay
Smart Araneta Coliseum Quezon City
Ynares Center Antipolo

Out-of-town arenas[]

2019 PBA season is located in Philippines
Antipolo
Antipolo
Bocaue
Bocaue
Angeles
Angeles
Calasiao
Calasiao
Digos
Digos
Panabo
Panabo
Cagayan de Oro
Cagayan de Oro
Zamboanga City
Zamboanga City
Batangas City
Batangas City
Santa Rosa
Santa Rosa
Lapu-Lapu City
Lapu-Lapu City
Davao City
Davao City
Lucena
Lucena
Provincial venues of the PBA that hosted one game day (red), and two or more game days (blue).
2019 PBA season is located in Asia
Antipolo
Antipolo
Dubai
Dubai
Location of Dubai as compared to Antipolo.

Highlighted are playoff games.

Arena City Date Match-up
Philippine Arena Bocaue, Bulacan January 13, 2019 Barangay Ginebra vs. TNT
Calasiao, Pangasinan January 26, 2019 Barangay Ginebra vs. Rain or Shine
Digos, Davao del Sur February 9, 2019 Barangay Ginebra vs. Blackwater
Cagayan de Oro March 2, 2019 Meralco vs. Magnolia
July 13, 2019 Rain or Shine vs. San Miguel
Panabo, Davao del Norte March 16, 2019 San Miguel vs. Phoenix
Angeles March 23, 2019 NLEX vs. Barangay Ginebra
Batangas City June 23, 2019 Columbian vs. Rain or Shine
Barangay Ginebra vs. NLEX
Mayor Vitaliano D. Agan Coliseum Zamboanga City June 29, 2019 Magnolia vs. Meralco
Santa Rosa Sports Complex Santa Rosa, Laguna September 29, 2019 Blackwater vs. NLEX
Alaska vs. San Miguel
Hoops Dome Lapu-Lapu City November 9, 2019 San Miguel vs. Rain or Shine
University of Southeastern Philippines Gym Davao City November 16, 2019 TNT vs Magnolia
Quezon Convention Center Lucena January 10, 2020 Barangay Ginebra vs. Meralco

These games were played outside the Philippines:

Arena City Date Match-up
Coca-Cola Arena Dubai, United Arab Emirates October 4, 2019 San Miguel vs. NLEX
October 5, 2019 NLEX vs. Barangay Ginebra

Transactions[]

Retirement[]

  • January 4, 2019: officially announced his retirement after playing one season in the league for the Barangay Ginebra San Miguel franchise.[3]
  • January 8, 2019: Chris Tiu officially announced his retirement after playing six seasons in the league for the Rain or Shine Elasto Painters franchise.[4]
  • April 4, 2019: Josh Urbiztondo officially announced his retirement after playing eight seasons in the league.[5]
  • April 12, 2019: Rico Maierhofer officially announced his retirement after playing eight seasons in the league.[6]
  • November 14, 2019: Doug Kramer officially announced his retirement after playing 12 seasons in the league.[7]

Coaching changes[]

Team Outgoing coach Manner of departure Date of vacancy Replaced with Date of appointment Ref.
Blackwater Elite Bong Ramos Fired Philippine Cup Aries Dimaunahan (interim) April 4, 2019 [8]
Alaska Aces Alex Compton Resigned Governors' Cup Jeffrey Cariaso August 22, 2019 [9]
Blackwater Elite Aries Dimaunahan (interim) End of contract Governors' Cup Nash Racela November 27, 2019 [10]

Rule changes[]

The PBA competition committee approved the rule changes for implementation starting in the Philippine Cup games:[11]

hideRule changes (effective for the 2019 PBA Philippine Cup)
  1. Goaltending violations will be subject for review for the duration of a match.
  2. The FIBA rule for traveling violations (also known as the 0-step rule) will be adopted. (a player who catches the ball while he is progressing, or upon completion of a dribble, may take two steps in coming to a stop, passing, or shooting the ball.)
  3. Coaches are now allowed to call timeouts verbally. The old rule requires coaches to make the "time-out" sign before the timeout request will be granted.

Notable events[]

  • The PBA Board of Governors decided to retain Ricky Vargas of TNT KaTropa as the Board Chairman. Subsequently, Dickie Bachmann of Alaska and Raymond Zorilla of Phoenix were retained as Vice-Chairman and Treasurer respectively.[12]

Philippine Cup[]

Commissioner's Cup[]

  • May 16: A rule change was made to be implemented starting the Commissioner's Cup that will allow a video review if a shot was made before or after the expiration of the 24-second shotclock throughout the game. Before the rule change, a video review is only possible if the shot was made in the last two minutes of the game. The rule change was made in light of the controversial shot made by Magnolia's Rome dela Rosa during Game 7 of their best-of-seven semifinals series against Rain or Shine, at the 3:30 mark of the 4th quarter. The referees counted his three point basket even though replays showed that the ball was still in his hands when the shotclock expired.[15]
  • May 19: The PBA began using the Molten BG5000 basketball as their official tournament ball. The same ball will be used during the 2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup.[16]
  • June 4: Calvin Abueva of the Phoenix Pulse Fuel Masters was indefinitely suspended by PBA Commissioner Willie Marcial after he was involved in two on-court incidents during Phoenix's games against Blackwater Elite and TNT KaTropa. On May 31, Abueva was involved in a verbal altercation against Ray Parks' girlfriend Maika Rivera and did lewd gestures to her after their win against Blackwater. On June 2, he clotheslined TNT's import Terrence Jones. Abueva was also fined a total of P70,000 for both incidents. [17]
  • August 14: During the second quarter of game five of the PBA Commissioner's Cup, Arwind Santos made "monkey gestures" at the San Miguel bench addressing Jones after the latter committed a foul. Initially he refused to apologize stating "I’m going to apologize? No. It depends on him. If he was annoyed, he’s a real monkey."[18][Note 1] PBA Commissioner Willie Marcial summoned Santos the following day and was fined P200,000, 100 hours of community services. Santos will also undergo counseling on equality and racial discrimination.[19] Santos later posted a public apology through his Twitter and Instagram accounts.


Opening ceremonies[]

The opening ceremonies for this season were held at the Philippine Arena in Bocaue, Bulacan on January 13, 2019. The PBA Leo Awards for the 2017-18 season were held before the opening ceremonies.[20]

The first game of the Philippine Cup between the Barangay Ginebra San Miguel and the TNT KaTropa was played after the opening ceremonies.[21]

Below is the list of team muses:

Team Muse Ref.
Alaska Aces Klea Pineda [22]
Barangay Ginebra San Miguel Pia Wurtzbach [22]
Blackwater Elite Myla Pablo and Jasmine Alkhaldi [22]
Columbian Dyip Kelley Day [23]
Magnolia Hotshots Sharon Cuneta [22]
Meralco Bolts Eva Patalinjug [23]
NLEX Road Warriors Alyssa Valdez [24]
NorthPort Batang Pier Aya Fernandez [22]
Phoenix Pulse Fuel Masters Yam Concepcion [22]
Rain or Shine Elasto Painters Anie Uson [23]
San Miguel Beermen Kylie Verzosa [22]
TNT KaTropa Sam Pinto [23]

2019 PBA Philippine Cup[]

The 2019 Philippine Cup started on January 13, and ended on May 15, 2019.

Elimination round[]

Pos Team W L PCT GB Qualification
1 Phoenix Pulse Fuel Masters 9 2 .818 Twice-to-beat in the quarterfinals
2 Rain or Shine Elasto Painters 8 3 .727 1
3 Barangay Ginebra San Miguel 7 4 .636[a] 2 Best-of-three quarterfinals
4 TNT KaTropa 7 4 .636[a] 2
5 San Miguel Beermen 7 4 .636[a] 2
6 Magnolia Hotshots 6 5 .545 3
7 NorthPort Batang Pier 5 6 .455 4 Twice-to-win in the quarterfinals
8 Alaska Aces 4 7 .364[b] 5
9 NLEX Road Warriors 4 7 .364[b] 5
10 Columbian Dyip 4 7 .364[b] 5
11 Meralco Bolts 3 8 .273 6
12 Blackwater Elite 2 9 .182 7
Source: PBA.ph
Rules for classification: 1) winning percentage; 2) if two teams are tied, head-to-head record; if three or more teams are tied, head-to-head goal average (quotient), if tied for 8th, one-game playoff; 3) overall quotient 4) coin toss[25]
Notes:
  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c Head-to-head quotient: Barangay Ginebra 1.02, TNT 1.00, San Miguel 0.98
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b c Head-to-head quotient: NLEX 1.19, Alaska 1.01, Columbian 0.84; 8th-seed playoff: Alaska defeated NLEX

Playoffs[]

  Quarterfinals     Semifinals
(Best-of-7)
    Finals
(Best-of-7)
    (#1 twice-to-beat)                        
  1 Phoenix 91    
  8 Alaska 76    
            1 Phoenix 1    
    (Best-of-3)       5 San Miguel 4  
  4 TNT 1  
  5 San Miguel 2    
    5 San Miguel 4
    (#2 twice-to-beat)     6 Magnolia 3
  2 Rain or Shine 91    
  7 NorthPort 85    
            2 Rain or Shine 3
    (Best-of-3)     6 Magnolia 4    
  3 Barangay Ginebra 1  
  6 Magnolia 2    

Finals[]

Team 1 Series Team 2 Game 1 Game 2 Game 3 Game 4 Game 5 Game 6 Game 7
San Miguel Beermen 4–3 Magnolia Hotshots 94–99 108–101 82–86 114–98 86–88 98–86 72–71

2019 PBA Commissioner's Cup[]

The 2019 Commissioner's Cup started on May 19, and ended on August 16, 2019.

Elimination round[]

Pos Team W L PCT GB Qualification
1 TNT KaTropa 10 1 .909 Twice-to-beat in the quarterfinals
2 NorthPort Batang Pier 9 2 .818 1
3 Blackwater Elite 7 4 .636[a] 3 Best-of-three quarterfinals
4 Barangay Ginebra San Miguel 7 4 .636[a] 3
5 Magnolia Hotshots 5 6 .455[b] 5
6 Rain or Shine Elasto Painters 5 6 .455[b] 5
7 San Miguel Beermen 5 6 .455[b] 5 Twice-to-win in the quarterfinals
8 Alaska Aces 4 7 .364[c] 6
9 Meralco Bolts 4 7 .364[c] 6
10 Phoenix Pulse Fuel Masters 4 7 .364[c] 6
11 Columbian Dyip 3 8 .273[d] 7
12 NLEX Road Warriors 3 8 .273[d] 7
Source: PBA.ph
Rules for classification: 1) winning percentage; 2) if two teams are tied, head-to-head record; if three or more teams are tied, head-to-head goal average (quotient), if tied for 8th, one-game playoff; 3) overall quotient 4) coin toss[26]
Notes:
  1. ^ Jump up to: a b Head-to-head record: Blackwater 1–0 Barangay Ginebra
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b c Head-to-head quotient: Magnolia 1.19, Rain or Shine 1.01, San Miguel 0.83
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b c Head-to-head quotient: Alaska 1.012, Meralco 1.011, Phoenix 0.977; 8th-seed playoff: Alaska defeated Meralco
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b Head-to-head record: Columbian 1–0 NLEX

Playoffs[]

  Quarterfinals     Semifinals
(Best-of-5)
    Finals
(Best-of-7)
    (#1 twice-to-beat)                        
  1 TNT 72 104  
  8 Alaska 108 93  
            1 TNT 3    
    (Best-of-3)       4 Barangay Ginebra 1  
  4 Barangay Ginebra 2  
  5 Magnolia 0    
    1 TNT 2
    (#2 twice-to-beat)     7 San Miguel 4
  2 NorthPort 84 88  
  7 San Miguel 98 90  
            7 San Miguel 3
    (Best-of-3)     6 Rain or Shine 1    
  3 Blackwater 1  
  6 Rain or Shine 2    

Finals[]

Team 1 Series Team 2 Game 1 Game 2 Game 3 Game 4 Game 5 Game 6 Game 7
TNT KaTropa 2–4 San Miguel Beermen 109–96 125–127 (2OT) 115–105 101–106 94–99 90–102

2019 PBA Governors' Cup[]

The 2019 Governors' Cup started on September 20, 2019, and ended on January 17, 2020.

Elimination round[]

Pos Team W L PCT GB Qualification
1 NLEX Road Warriors 8 3 .727[a] Twice-to-beat in quarterfinals
2 Meralco Bolts 8 3 .727[a]
3 TNT KaTropa 8 3 .727[a]
4 Barangay Ginebra San Miguel 7 4 .636 1
5 San Miguel Beermen 6 5 .545[b] 2 Twice-to-win in quarterfinals
6 Magnolia Hotshots 6 5 .545[b] 2
7 Alaska Aces 5 6 .455[c] 3
8 NorthPort Batang Pier 5 6 .455[c] 3
9 Rain or Shine Elasto Painters 4 7 .364[d] 4
10 Columbian Dyip 4 7 .364[d] 4
11 Phoenix Pulse Fuel Masters 3 8 .273 5
12 Blackwater Elite 2 9 .182 6
Source: PBA.ph
Rules for classification: 1) winning percentage; 2) if two teams are tied, head to head record; if three or more teams are tied, head-to-head goal average (quotient), if tied for 8th, one-game playoff; 3) overall quotient 4) coin toss[27]
Notes:
  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c Head-to-head quotient: NLEX 1.090, Meralco 0.959, TNT 0.958
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b Head-to-head record: San Miguel 1–0 Magnolia
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b Head-to-head record: Alaska 1–0 NorthPort
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b Head-to-head record: Rain or Shine 1–0 Columbian

Playoffs[]

  Quarterfinals     Semifinals
(Best-of-5)
    Finals
(Best-of-7)
    (#1 twice-to-beat)                        
  1 NLEX 90 123  
  8 NorthPort 115 126***  
            8 NorthPort 1    
    (#4 twice-to-beat)       4 Barangay Ginebra 3  
  4 Barangay Ginebra 100  
  5 San Miguel 97    
    4 Barangay Ginebra 4
    (#2 twice-to-beat)     2 Meralco 1
  2 Meralco 94    
  7 Alaska 84    
            2 Meralco 3
    (#3 twice-to-beat)     3 TNT 2    
  3 TNT 98  
  6 Magnolia 97    

*Game went into overtime

Finals[]

Team 1 Series Team 2 Game 1 Game 2 Game 3 Game 4 Game 5 Game 6 Game 7
Meralco Bolts 1–4 Barangay Ginebra San Miguel 87–91 104–102 84–92 72–94 93–105

Awards[]

Leo Awards[]

PBA Press Corps Annual Awards[]

PBA teams in Asian club competitions[]

Team Competition Progress
San Miguel Beermen 2019 Asia League Terrific 12 Fourth place
TNT KaTropa Group stage

Cumulative standings[]

Pos Team Pld W L PCT Qualification
1 TNT KaTropa 54 35 19 .648 Finalist
2 Barangay Ginebra San Miguel 52 33 19 .635 Champions
3 San Miguel Beermen 61 37 24 .607
4 NorthPort Batang Pier 42 22 20 .524 Semifinalist
5 Rain or Shine Elasto Painters 48 24 24 .500
6 Magnolia Hotshots 53 26 27 .491 Finalist
7 Phoenix Pulse Fuel Masters 33 16 17 .485 Semifinalist
8 Meralco Bolts 45 20 25 .444 Finalist
9 NLEX Road Warriors 36 15 21 .417 Quarterfinalist
10 Alaska Aces 39 16 23 .410
11 Blackwater Elite 36 12 24 .333
12 Columbian Dyip 33 11 22 .333 Elimination round
Source:[citation needed]

Elimination round[]

Pos Team Pld W L PCT
1 TNT KaTropa 33 25 8 .758
2 Barangay Ginebra San Miguel 33 21 12 .636
3 NorthPort Batang Pier 33 19 14 .576
4 San Miguel Beermen 33 18 15 .545
5 Rain or Shine Elasto Painters 33 17 16 .515[a]
6 Magnolia Hotshots 33 17 16 .515[a]
7 Phoenix Pulse Fuel Masters 33 16 17 .485
8 Meralco Bolts 33 15 18 .455[b]
9 NLEX Road Warriors 33 15 18 .455[b]
10 Alaska Aces 33 13 20 .394
11 Blackwater Elite 33 11 22 .333[c]
12 Columbian Dyip 33 11 22 .333[c]
Source:[citation needed]
Notes:
  1. ^ Jump up to: a b Elimination round head-to-head: Rain or Shine 2–1 Magnolia
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b Elimination round head-to-head: NLEX 3–0 Meralco
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b Elimination round head-to-head: Blackwater 2–1 Columbian


Playoffs[]

Pos Team Pld W L PCT
1 San Miguel Beermen 28 19 9 .679
2 Barangay Ginebra San Miguel 19 12 7 .632
3 Alaska Aces 6 3 3 .500
4 TNT KaTropa 21 10 11 .476
5 Rain or Shine Elasto Painters 15 7 8 .467
6 Magnolia Hotshots 20 9 11 .450
7 Meralco Bolts 12 5 7 .417
8 NorthPort Batang Pier 9 3 6 .333
9 Phoenix Pulse Fuel Masters 6 2 4 .333
10 Blackwater Elite 3 1 2 .333
11 NLEX Road Warriors 3 0 3 .000
12 Columbian Dyip 0 0 0
Source:[citation needed]

Notes[]

  1. ^ Translated from the Filipino language: "... "Sorry ako? Hindi. Depende ’yun sa kanya. Kung mapipikon siya, totoong monkey siya. Kung di ka mapipikon, di ka monkey.".

References[]

  1. ^ Leo Awards ushers in PBA 44th season opener on Jan 13, PBA.ph, September 11, 2018
  2. ^ Terrado, Reuben (1 March 2019). "PBA season to stretch until January due to World Cup, SEA Games breaks". Sports Interactive Network Philippines. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  3. ^ Jett Manuel declines one-year Ginebra extension in favor of family business, Reuben Terrado, spin.ph, January 5, 2019
  4. ^ It's official: Chris Tiu retires from basketball, Randolph Leongson, spin.ph, January 8, 2019
  5. ^ "Josh Urbiztondo retires at age 36 after long career in PBA, ABL". Spin.ph.
  6. ^ "Former PBA Rookie of the Year Rico Maierhofer retires at age 33". Spin.ph.
  7. ^ "PBA: Doug Kramer announces retirement". ABS-CBN Sports.
  8. ^ Blackwater elevates assistant Aris Dimaunahan to head coach, Richard D, ESPN 5, April 4, 2019
  9. ^ "Alex Compton resigns, Jeff Cariaso takes over as Alaska Aces coach". Spin.ph.
  10. ^ "Racela back in PBA as Blackwater coach". Rappler.
  11. ^ "With rule changes, PBA game will be faster, more exciting". PBA.ph. Retrieved January 8, 2019.
  12. ^ PBA board retains TNT's Ricky Vargas as chairman, Randolph Leongson, spin.ph, January 9, 2019
  13. ^ PBA makes 'supreme sacrifice' as Team Pilipinas prepares for FIBA World Cup, PBA.ph, March 1, 2019
  14. ^ PBA ref Emmanuel Tangkion dies during workout on league's 44th anniversary, Gerry Ramos, spin.ph, April 9, 2019
  15. ^ PBA makes rule change in aftermath of Dela Rosa shotclock blunder, Reuben Terrado, spin.ph, May 16, 2019
  16. ^ Mixed reactions from PBA players over new basketball, Reuben Terrado, spin.ph, May 20, 2019
  17. ^ Calvin Abueva fined P70,000, suspended indefinitely, PBA.ph, June 4, 2019
  18. ^ Arwind Santos not sorry for monkey gesture towards Terrence Jones, Denison Rey A. Dalupang, Philippine Daily Inquirer, August 15, 2019
  19. ^ Arwind Santos fined P200k, required to do counseling for racial taunt, Celest Flores-Colina, Philippine Daily Inquirer, August 15, 2019
  20. ^ In break from tradition, PBA Leo Awards to kick off season on January 13, Reuben Terrado, spin.ph, December 26, 2018
  21. ^ It’s TNT KaTropa against Barangay Ginebra in PBA season-opener, Randolph Leongson, spin.ph, January 8, 2019
  22. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g PBA muses: Wurtzbach for Ginebra, Alyssa for NLEX, Sharon for Magnolia, Reuben Terrado, spin.ph, January 8, 2019
  23. ^ Jump up to: a b c d PBA Sidelights: Sharon Cuneta a surprise muse, Joaquin Henson, Philippine Star, January 10, 2019
  24. ^ Alyssa Valdez is NLEX muse at 2019 PBA Opening, Rappler, January 8, 2019
  25. ^ "ALL ABOUT THE PBA QUOTIENT".
  26. ^ "ALL ABOUT THE PBA QUOTIENT".
  27. ^ "ALL ABOUT THE PBA QUOTIENT". 2012-12-10. Retrieved 25 November 2018.

External links[]

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