Al-Bayhaqi

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Abu Bakr Ahmad ibn Husayn al-Bayhaqi
TitleImam al-Bayhaqi
Personal
BornRamadan 384 AH / October 994
Bayhaq, now Sabzevar, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran
Died10 Jumadi al-Awwal, 458 AH/ 9 April 1066 (aged 72)
Nishapur, now Khorasan, Iran
ReligionIslam
EraIslamic golden age
DenominationSunni
JurisprudenceShafi'i[1]
CreedAsh'ari[2][3][4][5]
Main interest(s)Hadith, Shafi'i fiqh
Notable work(s)Sunan al-Kubra, Al-Asma' wa al-Sifat
Muslim leader
Influenced by

Abū Bakr Aḥmad ibn Ḥusayn Ibn 'Alī ibn Mūsa al-Khosrojerdi al-Bayhaqī (Arabic) , البيهقي also known as Imām al-Bayhaqī was born c. 994 CE/384 AH in the small town of Khosrowjerd near Sabzevar, then known as Bayhaq, in Khurasan.[9] During his lifetime, he became a famous Sunni hadith expert, following the Shafi'i school in fiqh and the Ash'ari school of Islamic Theology.[2][3][4]

Biography[]

Al-Bayhaqi's full name is أحمد بن الحسين بن علي بن موسى الخراساني البيهقي المشهور بالبيهقي.

Al-Bayhaqi was a scholar of fiqh of the Shafi'i school of thought, as well as of that of hadith. He studied fiqh under Abū al-Fatḥ Nāṣir ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn Muḥammad al-Naysaburi as well as Abul Hasan Hankari. He also studied hadith under Hakim al-Nishaburi, Abu Mansur Al-Baghdadi and others, and was al-Nishaburi's foremost pupil. He died in 1066 CE.[citation needed]

Al-Bayhaqi contributed to a significant reform in the traditionalist evaluation of hadith, emphasizing the use of reflective reasoning in evaluating which hadith material should be considered incompatible with Islamic theology. Often, Al-Bayhaqi would then understand such hadith as less reliable or allegorical.[10] One focus of Al-Bayhaqi's was prophetic traditions which implied an anthropomorphic understanding of God. For Al-Bayhaqi, these characteristics, such as the "eye", do not represent real parts but rather attributes of God. Al-Bayhaqi also had a variety of views stating his understanding of cosmology. Al-Bayhaqi believed that God first created water, and subsequently used this water as a basis for his creation of everything else.[11]

Works[]

Bayhaqi was a prominent author in his time, having authored more than one thousand volumes according to Al-Dhahabi.[12] Among the most well-known books authored by him are:

  • Sunan al-Kubra lil Behaqi, commonly known as Sunan al-Bayhaqi
  • Shuab ul Iman (The Branches of Faith, see abridged translation in The Seventy Seven Branches of Faith, Quilliam Press 1990)
  • al-I'tiqad wa'l-Hidayah ila Sabil ar-Rashad (translated by Nasr Abdussalam, The Creed of Imam Bayhaqi, 2017)
  • Ma`arifa al-Sunan wa al-Athar (sometimes referred to as Al-Sunan al-Wusta[13])
  • Bayan Khata Man Akhta`a `Ala al-Shafi`i (The Exposition of the Error of Those who have Attributed Error to al-Shafi`i)
  • Al-Mabsut, a book on Shafi`i Law
  • Al-Asma' wa al-Sifat (The Divine Names and Attributes)
  • Al-I`tiqad `ala Madhhab al-Salaf Ahl al-Sunna wa al-Jama`a
  • Dala'il al-Nubuwwah (The Signs of Prophethood)
  • Al-Da`awat al-Kabir (The Major Book of Supplications)
  • Al-Zuhd al-Kabir (The Major Book of Asceticism)
  • Hayat ul Anbiya fi Quboor (The life of the prophets in graves)

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ A.C. Brown, Jonathan (2014). Misquoting Muhammad: The Challenge and Choices of Interpreting the Prophet's Legacy. Oneworld Publications. p. 105. ISBN 978-1780744209.
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b Ovamir Anjum, Politics, Law, and Community in Islamic Thought: The Taymiyyan Moment (Cambridge Studies in Islamic Civilization) 2012, p 142. ISBN 1107014069
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b Gibb, H. A. R.; Kramers, J. H.; Lévi-Provençal, E.; Schacht, J.; Lewis, B. & Pellat, Ch., eds. (1960). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, New Edition, Volume I: A–B. Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 1130. OCLC 495469456.
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b Holtzman, Livnat. "Does God Really Laugh?" – Appropriate and Inappropriate Descriptions of God in Islamic Traditionalist Theology. p. 185.
  5. ^ Brown, Jonathan (2013). The Canonization of al-Bukhari and Muslim: The Formation and Function of the Sunni Hadith Canon (Islamic History and Civilization). Brill. p. 219. ISBN 978-9004158399.
  6. ^ Constructive Critics, Ḥadīth Literature, and the Articulation of Sunnī Islam, By Scott C. Lucas, pg. 98
  7. ^ Noor, Umar Muhammad. "Abu Bakr Al-Bayhaqi and his Approach to Sifat Traditions." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 9.6 (2019). p.330 "He received Asharism from several authorities including Abu Bakr Ibn Furak who studied kalam under Abu al-Ḥasan al-Bahili, a direct disciple of the founder of Asharism Abu al-Ḥasan al-Ashari(d. 324/936)."
  8. ^ "THE BIOGRAPHIES OF THE ELITE LIVES OF THE SCHOLARS, IMAMS & HADITH MASTERS: Biographies of the Imams & Scholars". 2015-05-02.
  9. ^ Imam Bayhaqi
  10. ^ Umar Muhammad Noor. "Abu Bakr Al-Bayhaqi and his Approach to Sifat Traditions," International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2019, pp328-9.
  11. ^ Saeed Fodeh, "Appendix" in (tr. Nasir Abdussalam) The Creed of Imam Bayhaqi, Turath Publishing, 2017, pp. 283-5
  12. ^ "The Classification of Hadith, by Dr. Suhaib Hassan". Archived from the original on 2010-12-05. Retrieved 2009-07-22.
  13. ^ "Ahlu al-Sunna wa al-Jama'a: Wer ist Shaykh al-Islām, al-Hāfiz Abu Bakr al-Bayhaqī?". 11 February 2013.


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