Ali Bey Evrenosoğlu

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Ali Evrenosoğlu

Bey
Native name
Ali Bey Evrenosoğlu
Buried
Courtyard of the Gazi Evrenos mosque in Yenitsá (Giannitsa in Greece)
AllegianceOttoman Empire
RankSanjak-bey
Battles/wars

Ali Bey Evrenosoğlu[1] or Evrenosoğlu Ali Bey,[2] known simply as Ali Bey,[3] was an Ottoman military commander in the 15th century. He was one of the sons of Evrenos, an Ottoman general. During the 1430s he was sanjak-bey of the Sanjak of Albania who, after initial defeats, suppressed the Albanian Revolt of 1432–1436 with help of the forces commanded by Turahan Bey. In 1440 he participated in the unsuccessful Ottoman Siege of Belgrade.

Origin[]

Ali Bey was a son of Ottoman commander Evrenos Bey. According to a Greek legend,[4] Greek sources and Stanford J. Shaw, Evrenos was a Byzantine convert.[5][6] According to other, mostly Turkish sources he was of Turkish descent.[5] He might've been an Akkoyunlu Turks, or possibly a member of to the Uran tribe of the Kipchaks.[7][8] The family, known in Turkish as Evrenosoğulları, hailed from Anatolia and was one of four leading warrior (ghazi) families that were instrumental in the late-14th-century Ottoman conquests.[9]

Albania[]

Ali Bey was sanjakbey of the Sanjak of Albania before 1432.[10] When Ishak Bey captured Dagnum from Koja Zaharia in 1430 it was attached to the territory controlled by Ali Bey.[11]

In the early phase of the Albanian Revolt, in the winter of 1432, Sultan Murat II gathered around 10.000 troops under Ali Bey, who marched along the Via Egnatia and reached the central valley of Shkumbin, where he was ambushed and defeated by forces under Gjergj Arianiti. In 1435-6 he followed Turahan Bey's campaign, which restored Ottoman rule in the region.[12][13]

Other campaigns[]

According to some legends Hunyadi was Evrenosoglu's groom.[14] Hunyadi became intimate of the king of Hungary after he fled from Ali.[15]

Evrenosoglu commanded an army which was sent to plunder Wallachia[16] and Transylvania in 1438.[17] In 1440 Ali Beg participated in the unsuccessful siege of Belgrade where he built a wall around the city and used it to hurl stones.[3] According to Konstantin Mihailović, the title of bey and corresponding estate was promised to the Ottoman soldier who would wave Ottoman flag on the Belgrade walls. Although Evrenosoglu already had the title of bey at that time he decided to personally lead the assault to the walls of the Belgrade castle hoping to increase his already great reputation.[1] When Murad II died in 1451, Ali Bey was dispatched by Mehmed II to drown Murad's son, Küçük (Little) Ahmed Çelebi.[3]

Evrenosoglu was buried in the courtyard of the Gazi Evrenos mosque in Yenidje (modern Giannitsa in Greece).[18]

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b Jefferson 2012, p. 244.
  2. ^ Jefferson 2012, p. 163.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b c Babinger 1992, p. 18.
  4. ^ Bent Holm, Mikael Bøgh Rasmussen, ed. (2021). Imagined, Embodied and Actual Turks in Early Modern Europe. Hollitzer. p. 5. ISBN 9783990121252. According to a Greek legend, Evrenos Bey's father was the governor of Bursa and a convert
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b Nicolle, David (2011). Cross & Crescent in the Balkans The Ottoman Conquest of Southeastern Europe (14th–15th Centuries). Pen & Sword Books. ISBN 9781844687602. According to some sources, mainly Greek, Evrenos son of Isa (Jesus) Bey Prangi came from a family of Byzantine origin which transferred its alliance to the Turkish Karasi rulers of western Anatolia and had converted to Islam in the 14th century. Other scholars, generally Turkish, claim that the family was of ancient Turkish origin. Certainly Gazi Evrenos was first mentioned as a middle ranking bey.
  6. ^ Stanford J. Shaw; Ezel Kural Shaw (29 October 1976). History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey: Volume 1, Empire of the Gazis: The Rise and Decline of the Ottoman Empire 1280-1808. Cambridge University Press. p. 20. ISBN 978-0-521-29163-7.
  7. ^ "EVRENOSOĞULLARI". İslâm Ansiklopedisi. Archived from the original on 22 October 2020.
  8. ^ Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm ansiklopedisi Volume 27. Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı, İslâm Ansiklopedisi Genel Müdürlüğü. 1988. p. 539. ISBN 9782840502586.
  9. ^ Caroline Finkel (19 July 2012). Osman's Dream: The Story of the Ottoman Empire 1300-1923. Hodder & Stoughton. pp. 45–. ISBN 978-1-84854-785-8.
  10. ^ Pollo, Stefanaq; Arben Puto; Kristo Frashëri; Skënder Anamali (1974). Histoire de l'Albanie, des origines à nos jours (in French). Horvath. p. 78. ISBN 978-2-7171-0025-9. Retrieved 23 June 2011. Le sandjakbey d'Albanie, Ali bey Evrenos, partant de Gjirokastra, se porta aussitôt contre Arianite, mais les Turcs, selon le chroniqueur Oruc, furent battus à Buzurshek, dans la vallée du Shkumbin.
  11. ^ M. Bešić, Zarij (1970), Istorija Crne Gore / 2. Crna gora u doba oblasnih gospodara. (in Serbian), Titograd: Redakcija za istoiju Crne Gore, p. 158, OCLC 175122851, Коју Закарију је или протјерао или заробио, а Дањ повје��ио Али-бегу.
  12. ^ Houtsma, Martijn Theodoor (1993), First encyclopaedia of Islam: 1913-1936, VIII, Netherlands: E.J. Brill and Luzac and Co., p. 466, ...Ottoman campaigns of 1435 and 1436 when the Ottoman generals Ali and Turakhan effected a partially submission of Albanians
  13. ^ Fine, John Van Antwerp (1994), The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest, University of Michigan Press, p. 535, ISBN 978-0-472-08260-5, In 1432 Andrew Thopia revolted against his Ottoman overlords ... inspired other Albanian chiefs, in particular George Arianite (Araniti) ... The revolt spread ... from region of Valona up to Skadar...
  14. ^ Held, Joseph (1985). Hunyadi: legend and reality. East European Monographs. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-88033-070-1. Retrieved 12 June 2011. mentioned a rumor that Hunyadi may have served the Ottoman Ali, son of Evrenos, as a groom,
  15. ^ Imber, Colin (2006), The Crusade of Varna, 1443–45, Ashgate Publishing, ISBN 978-0-7546-0144-9, He fled from Ali bey and became intimate of the king of Hungary
  16. ^ Treptow, Kurt W. (2000). Vlad III Dracula: the life and times of the historical Dracula. Center of Romanian Studies. p. 203. ISBN 978-973-98392-2-8. Retrieved 10 June 2011. Ali-bey Evrenos-ogly
  17. ^ Babinger 1992, p. 16.
  18. ^ Vakalopoulos, Apostolos E. (1973). History of Macedonia, 1354-1833. Institute for Balkan Studies. p. 259. Retrieved 22 June 2011. Yenitsá ... Of the smaller mosques the most important were those of Gazi Evrenos..Beneath a high dome with many windows, Ghazi Evrenos lay buried amid the tombs of those 'gazis' who died as 'martyrs' (in other words, who fell in battle). In the courtyard of this mosque were the tombs of Ali Bey and Gazi Isa Bey, the sons of Evrenos. .

Sources[]

Preceded by
? 		sanjak-bey of Albania
1432–37 		Succeeded by
Yakup Bey
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