Antoinette of Bourbon
| Antoinette of Bourbon | |||||
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| Duchess of Guise | |||||
 Portrait by Léonard Limousin | |||||
| Born | 25 December 1494 Chateau de Ham, Somme department, Picardy, France | ||||
| Died | 22 January 1583 (aged 88) Chateau de Joinville | ||||
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| Father | François, Count of Vendôme | ||||
| Mother | Marie de Luxembourg | ||||
| Religion | Catholic | ||||
Antoinette de Bourbon, Duchess of Guise (25 December 1494 – 22 January 1583), was a French noblewoman of the House of Bourbon. She was the wife of Claude of Lorraine, Duke of Guise, and her son Francis committed the massacre at Wassy.
Life[]
Antoinette de Bourbon was born on 25 December 1494 at the Chateau de Ham, in the Somme department, Picardy, France. She was the child of Francis, Count of Vendôme and Marie de Luxembourg.[1] Her paternal grandparents were John VIII, Count of Vendôme and Isabelle de Beauveau, and her maternal grandparents were Peter II, Count of Saint-Pol, and Margaret of Savoy.
Antoinette was described as having been a remarkable woman, combining a strong sense of family pride with a wry sense of humour. She exhibited considerable administrative talent at domestic economy as well as in the running of the vast Guise dominions surrounding their chateau of Joinville.
She recruited and sent masons, including Nicolas Roy, miners, and an armourer to her daughter Mary of Guise of Scotland.[2] She exerted a powerful influence on the childhood of her granddaughter Mary, Queen of Scots, during the latter's thirteen-year sojourn in France, and was one of her principal advisors. Antoinette acted as proxy for her daughter, Mary of Guise, during the betrothal ceremony of the Queen of Scots and the Dauphin Francis in 1558.
Antoinette and her family have been described as "ultra-Catholic"; in 1533 Antoinette oversaw the burning of a Protestant man caught preaching in the town of Wassy.[3] Her son Francis, Duke of Guise was held to be responsible for the anti-Protestant Massacre of Wassy on 1 March 1562 which was one of the early atrocities in the French Wars of Religion.[4]
Antoinette de Bourbon died on 22 January 1583 at the Chateau de Joinville. She was eighty-eight years of age, having outlived all of her children save her daughter Reneé, Abbess of St. Pierre.
Issue[]
She married Claude of Lorraine on 9 June 1513;[5] they had:
- Mary of Guise (1515–1560); married King James V of Scotland in 1538. Their daughter was Mary, Queen of Scots.[6]
- Francis, Duke of Guise (1519–1563)[5]
- Louise of Guise (10 January 1520 – 18 October 1542); married Charles I, Duke of Arschot on 20 February 1541.
- Renée of Guise (2 September 1522 – 3 April 1602), Abbess of St. Pierre, Reims. She was the only of Antionette’s many children to outlive her mother.
- Charles of Guise (1524–1574), Duke of Chevreuse, Archbishop of Reims, and Charles, Cardinal de Guise.[5]
- Claude, Duke of Aumale (1526–1573)[5]
- Louis, Cardinal de Guise (1527–1578)[5]
- Philip of Guise (3 September 1529 – 24 September 1529, Joinville)
- Peter of Guise (3 April 1530); died young.
- Antoinette of Guise (31 August 1531 – 6 March 1561), Abbess of Faremoutier
- Francis of Guise (18 April 1534 – 6 March 1563), Grand Prior of the Order of Malta.[7]
- René, Marquis of Elbeuf (1536–1566)[5]
Ancestry[]
References[]
- ^ Ward, Prothero & Leathes 1911, p. vii.
- ^ Marguerite Wood, Balcarres Papers, vol. 1 (Edinburgh, 1923), pp. xix, 20, 33.
- ^ Carroll 2011, p. 7.
- ^ Carroll 2011, p. 12-13.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Carroll 2011, p. 311.
- ^ Wellman 2013, p. 236.
- ^ Carroll 2011, p. 57.
- ^ Neil D. Thompson and Charles M. Hansen, The Ancestry of Charles II, King of England (American Society of Genealogists, 2012).
Sources[]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Antoinette de Bourbon. |
- Carroll, Stuart (2011). Martyrs and Murderers: The Guise Family and the Making of Europe. Oxford University Press.
- Ward, A.W.; Prothero, G.W.; Leathes, Stanley, eds. (1911). The Cambridge Modern History. Cambridge University Press.
- Wellman, Kathleen (2013). Queens and Mistresses of Renaissance France. Yale University Press.
External links[]
- thepeerage.com Accessed July 14, 2007
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- 1494 births
- 1583 deaths
- 15th-century French people
- 16th-century French people
- 15th-century French women
- 16th-century French women
- Duchesses of Guise
- French people of German descent
- House of Bourbon (France)
- House of Guise
- House of Lorraine
- People from Somme (department)
- Princesses of Lorraine
- Household of Catherine de' Medici