Archibald S. Dobbins

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Archibald Stephenson Dobbins
Col. Archibald Dobbins
Born	1836 Mount Pleasant, Tennessee, US
Died	circa 1869 Brazil
Allegiance	Confederate States of America
Service/branch	Confederate States Army
Years of service	1862–1865
Rank	Colonel
Commands held	1st Arkansas Cavalry Regiment Dobbins' Cavalry Brigade
Battles/wars	American Civil War Battle of Helena Battle of Little Rock Battle of Pine Bluff Price's Missouri Expedition Battle of Westport

Archibald S. Dobbins (1836 – circa 1869) was a Confederate cavalry commander in the American Civil War.

Early life[]

Archibald Stephenson Dobbins was the son of David and Catherine Dobbins and was born on his father's farm known as Sandy Hook near Mount Pleasant, Tennessee. Shortly after his marriage to Mary Patience Dawson, also of Mount Pleasant, he moved to Arkansas, acquiring land called Horse Shoe Island Plantation, near Helena.^[1]

Civil War[]

In 1862 Phillips County, Arkansas, was occupied by Federal troops. Dobbins sent his family to Tennessee and joined a Confederate regiment commanded by Thomas C. Hindman. When Hindman was appointed to take over the military command of Arkansas, he brought Dobbins with him to Little Rock as a colonel on his general staff. Following his service on Hindman's staff, Dobbins was given command of a brigade of cavalry that became known as “Dobbins Cavalry” or more formally the 1st Arkansas Cavalry. Dobbins returned with his cavalry to Phillips County which became his base of operations.

Dobbins Cavalry is difficult to research because not only was it a loosely organized regiment, but most of the typical paperwork generated by a regiment in the field is missing from the record. Only a handful of muster rolls, and almost no quartermaster or commissary reports, are known to exist.^[2] Dobbins brigade was assigned to a division commanded by Gen. Lucius M. Walker and fought in major engagements, raids, and skirmishes throughout eastern and northeastern Arkansas.

After Walker was killed in a duel with fellow general John S. Marmaduke, Dobbins assumed command of Walker's division. When Marmaduke became Dobbins superior, Dobbins refused to serve under him in protest of the killing of Walker. Marmaduke ordered Dobbins arrest and court martial. On November 23, 1863, it was announced that Dobbins had been dismissed from the army. Despite the verdict, Dobbins never officially surrendered his command and continued to operate his brigade out of the Helena area. 1864 dispatches from Confederate Gen. Joe Shelby to his commanders in northeast Arkansas included Col. Dobbins.

As the war was nearing the end, Dobbins was promoted to general on the field, but this promotion was never entered in the official records, due in part to the turmoil of the confederate army and government in its last days.^[3] Dobbin's Cavalry surrendered and was paroled at Wittsburg, Arkansas, on May 25, 1865. Dobbins himself fled to Texas where he planned to cross into Mexico and send his slaves to Cuba. Dobbins did not reach his slaves or Mexico and signed his parole at Galveston on July 13, 1865.^{[citation needed]}

Death[]

In 1866 Dobbins was partner in a merchant house in New Orleans. In 1867 Dobbins, resenting being under Yankee rule, left the United States and started a plantation 30 miles from Santarém, Brazil. In one of his letters to his family Dobbins mentioned that he was only about six miles from an American colony in Brazil. This may have been the Lost Colony of the Confederacy. In 1869 Dobbins wrote for his wife to join him in Brazil but as she made plans to travel to South America, the letters stopped coming. Dobbins was never heard from again. Years later it was reported that the general had been killed in an Indian uprising which swept the area of his plantation in about 1869.^[4] However, a report in the Chicago Tribune, Jan. 13, 1881 suggests that he was living in Argentina at the time.

A Confederate style VA headstone stands as a cenotaph to Archibald Dobbins in Confederate Cemetery in Helena, Arkansas.

Notes[]

References[]

• Action at Wallace’s Ferry The Encyclopedia of Arkansas History & Culture
• Allardice, Bruce S., More Generals in Grey, Louisiana State University Press, 1995, ISBN 0-8071-3148-2.
• Garrett, Jill Maury County General Buried in Brazil
• Howerton, Bryan R. Two Ashley brothers in Dobbins 1st Ark. Cav. Accessed 2 December 2011
• Records of Confederate Soldiers who served in organizations from the State of Arkansas, National Archives Microcopy No. 317.