Ascalaphinae
| Ascalaphinae | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Neuroptera |
| Family: | Ascalaphidae |
| Subfamily: | Ascalaphinae |
| Genera | |
|
70 species (see text) | |
Ascalaphini is the type subfamily of the neuropteran owlfly family. Most species are found in the tropics. Their characteristic apomorphy , shared with the Ululodini, is the ridge which divides each of their large compound eyes; both groups are thus sometimes known as split-eyed owlflies. The group has been alternatly treated as a subfamily of Ascalaphidae, when the family is treated separate from ,[1] or as a tribe, when the ascalaphids are treated as a subfamily in an expanded Myrmelontidae.[2]
Like the other owlflies, they are insectivores. Imagines are cumbersome fliers and lack the strong mouthparts of dragonflies (which owlflies resemble at first glance, despite being not at all closely related insects) or other decidedly predatory insects, they are restricted to small and defenseless prey. The larvae on the other hand resemble antlions in appearance and habits and are voracious ambush predators, able to tackle prey like ants that will not be eaten without a struggle.
The ascalaphine split-eyed owlflies form one of the two main lineages of living Ascalaphidae, the other being the which have unsplit eyes like their ancestors. The first fossil record of the Ascalaphinae dates to the Miocene, and the subfamily thus probably evolved in the latter half or towards the end of the Paleogene.[3]
Genera[]
There are 70 described genera in the subfamily Ascalaphinae.[2]
- Tjeder & Hansson, 1992
- Lefèbvre 1842
- McLachlan, 1871
- Badano & Pantaleoni, 2012
- van der Weele, 1909
- Koçak & Kemal, 2008
- New, 1984
- McLachlan, 1871
- Ascalaphus Fabricius, 1775
- Sziráki, 1998
- Abrahám & Mészáros, 2006
- Hölzel 2004
- Abrahám, 2011
- Tjeder & Hansson, 1992
- Tjeder & Hansson, 1992
- McLachlan 1898
- Tjeder 1980
- Lefèbvrem 1842
- New, 1984
- Gerstaecker, 1885
- van der Weele, 1909
- Kimmins, 1950
- Michel & Tjeder, 2018
- McLachlan 1871
- Navás 1912
- Tjeder 1992
- Michel 1998
- Navás 1919
- New 1984
- McLachlan 1871
- McLachlan 1871
- Mészáros & Abrahám, 2003
- Tjeder & Hansson 1992
- Libelloides Schäffer 1763
- New 1984
- Tjeder & Hansson 1992
- Ábrahám 2008
- Hölzel 2004
- New 1984
- Navás 1914
- Navás 1912
- Navás 1914
- McLachlan 1871
- Navás 1923
- Westwood 1847
- Martynova 1926
- New 1984
- Mészáros & Abrahám 2003
- Kolbe 1897
- New 1984
- New 1984
- Lefèbvre 1842
- Weele 1909
- Weele 1909
- van der Weele 1909
- van der Weele, 1909
- New 1984
- van der Weele 1909
- van der Weele 1909
- Lefèbvre 1842
- McLachlan 1871
- van der Weele 1909
- Tjeder 1989
- Sziráki 1998
- Lefèbvre, 1842
- van der Weele 1909
- Tjeder & Hansson 1992
- Tjeder 1992
- New 1984
- New 1984
References[]
- ^ Jones, Joshua R. (6 October 2019). "Total‐evidence phylogeny of the owlflies (Neuroptera, Ascalaphidae) supports a new higher‐level classification". Zoologica Scripta. 48 (6): 761–782. doi:10.1111/zsc.12382.
- ^ a b Machado, R. J. P.; Gillung, J. P.; Winterton, S. L.; Garzon‐Orduña, I. J.; Lemmon, A. R.; Lemmon, E. M.; Oswald, J. D. (2018). "Owlflies are derived antlions: Anchored phylogenomics supports a new phylogeny and classification of Myrmeleontidae (Neuroptera)". Systematic Entomology. 44 (2): 418–450. doi:10.1111/syen.12334.
- ^ See references in Haaramo (2008)
External links[]
Media related to Ascalaphini at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Ascalaphini at Wikispecies
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- Myrmeleontidae
- Insect tribes
- Neuroptera stubs