Austrosimulium
Austrosimulium | |
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Austrosimulium australense | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | |
Phylum: | |
Class: | |
Order: | |
Family: | Simuliidae
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Subfamily: | |
Tribe: | |
Genus: | Austrosimulium Tonnoir, 1925
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Type species | |
(Schiner, 1868)[1]
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Species | |
See text |
Austrosimulium is a genus of 31 species of black flies that are distributed in Australia and New Zealand. There are 2 subgenera: Austrosimulium whose species are principally from New Zealand, and Novaustrosimulium which are exclusively Australian.[2] Austrosimulium is a sister genus to the monospecific of South America.[3]
Some species are known to spread the protozoan blood parasite in penguins.[4][5][6]
In New Zealand, where they are known as sandflies, three species – , and A. ungulatum – bite humans.[7][8]
Species[]
- Subgenus Austrosimulium Tonnoir, 1925
- Dumbleton, 1973
- Dumbleton, 1973[9]
- (Schiner, 1868)[1]
- Dumbleton, 1973
- Dumbleton, 1973
- Tonnoir, 1925
- Tonnoir, 1925
- Craig, Craig & Crosby, 2012[9]
- Crosby, 1976[6]
- Craig, Craig & Crosby, 2012[9]
- Dumbleton, 1973[9]
- Mackerras & Mackerras, 1950
- Tonnoir, 1925
- Tonnoir, 1925
- Mackerras & Mackerras, 1948
- Mackerras & Mackerras, 1952
- Tonnoir, 1925
- Dumbleton, 1973
- Dumbleton, 1973
- Craig, Craig & Crosby, 2012[9]
- A. ungulatum Tonnoir, 1925
- Dumbleton, 1973
- Craig, Craig & Crosby, 2012[9]
- (Mik, 1881)
- Subgenus Novaustrosimulium Dumbleton, 1973
- (Taylor, 1918)
- (Skuse, 1889)
- Mackerras & Mackerras, 1955
- Mackerras & Mackerras, 1948
- Tonnoir, 1925
- (Roubaud, 1906)
- Austrosimulium species as yet unplaced
- Davies & Györkös, 1988
Literature cited[]
- ^ a b Schiner, I.R. (1868). Diptera. vi In [Wullerstorf-Urbair, B. von (in charge)], Reise der osterreichischen Fregatte Novara. Zool. 2(1)B. Wien: K. Gerold's Sohn. pp. 388pp., 4 pls.
- ^
Peter H. Adler & Roger W. Crosskey (2009). "World Blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae): A Comprehensive Revision of the Taxonomic and Geographical Inventory": 109. Cite journal requires
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(help) - ^ Craig, D.A.; Craig, R.E.G.; Crosby, T.K. (2012). Simuliidae (Insecta: Diptera). Fauna of New Zealand. 68. Manaaki Whenua Press. p. 11.
- ^ Douglas A. Craig & Trevor K. Crosby (2008). "Gynandromorphs of New Zealand Austrosimulium spp. (Diptera: Simuliidae)" (PDF). Zootaxa. New Zealand: Magnolia Press. 1811: 57–68. ISSN 1175-5334. Retrieved 2009-03-25.
- ^ A. M. Fallis; S. A. Bisset; F. R. Allison (1976). "Leucocytozoon tawaki n.sp. (Eucoccida: Leucocytozoidae) from the penguin Eudyptes pachyrhynchus, and preliminary observations on its development in Austrosimulium spp. (Diptera: Simuliidae)". New Zealand Journal of Zoology. Wellington, New Zealand: The Royal Society of New Zealand. 3 (1): 11–16. doi:10.1080/03014223.1976.9517893.
- ^ a b T. K. Crosby (1976). "Austrosimulium (Austrosimulium) dumbletoni n.sp. from New Zealand (Diptera: Simuliidae)". New Zealand Journal of Zoology. Wellington, New Zealand: The Royal Society of New Zealand. 3 (1): 17–19. doi:10.1080/03014223.1976.9517894.
- ^ Early, John (2009). Know your New Zealand ... native insects & spiders. New Holland. p. 120. ISBN 9781869662530.
- ^ Walrond, Carl (24 September 2007). "Sandflies and mosquitoes - Sandflies: New Zealand's blackflies". Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 3 September 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f Craig, D.A.; Craig, R.E.G.; Crosby, T.K. 2012: Simuliidae (Insecta: Diptera). Fauna of New Zealand, (68)
External links[]
- Data related to Austrosimulium at Wikispecies
- https://web.archive.org/web/20130208160901/http://www.waitakere.govt.nz/AbtCit/ei/EcoWtr/macroinv/macroinvertebrates.asp | page with many Macroinvertebrates listed, described and illustrated
Categories:
- Simuliidae
- Culicomorpha genera
- Chironomoidea stubs