Azerbaijani Popular Front Party

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Not to be confused with Whole Azerbaijan Popular Front Party.
Azerbaijani Popular Front Party
Azərbaycan Xalq Cəbhəsi Partiyası
LeaderAli Karimli
FoundersAbulfaz Elchibey
Founded1992
Succeeded byLiberty Party (1995)

People's Party of Azerbaijan (1995)

Whole Azerbaijan Popular Front Party (2004)

Democratic Reforms Party (2005)

(de facto 2000, de jure 2006)

Intelligents Party (2008)

(de facto 2015, de jure 2020)
HeadquartersBaku, Azerbaijan
IdeologyConservatism[1]
National conservatism
Anti-corruption politics[1]
Azerbaijani nationalism[1]
Political positionCentre-right
European affiliationAlliance of Conservatives and Reformists in Europe
Politics of Azerbaijan
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The Azerbaijani Popular Front Party (APFP) (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Xalq Cəbhəsi Partiyası, pronounced [ɑzærbɑjˈd͡ʒɑn xɑlɡ ˈd͡ʒæpæsi] (About this soundlisten)) is an opposition political party in Azerbaijan, founded in 1992 by Abulfaz Elchibey. After Elchibey's death in 2000, the party split into two factions, the reform wing led by Ali Kerimli and the classical wing led by .

During 5 November 2000 (and 7 January 2001) parliamentary elections, the party won 11.0% of the popular vote and 6 out of 125 seats in the National Assembly of Azerbaijan. Its candidate won only 0.4% of the popular vote in the 15 October 2003 presidential elections. At the parliamentary elections of 6 November 2005, APF joined the Freedom (Azerbaijani: Azadlıq) block but won only one seat.

History[]

Popular Front of Azerbaijan[]

The Popular Front of Azerbaijan (PFA) was an organisation in Azerbaijan that united a number of informal public organisations into one, working towards independence from the Soviet Union.[citation needed]

The Popular Front of Azerbaijan was established on July 16, 1988. PFA came to unite a number of informal public organizations which were established in the 1980s to struggle for the independence of Azerbaijan from the Soviet Union. In 1987 Ali Karimli, a law school student, became the founder and leader of one of these informal organizations - "Yurd" ("Homeland"), that inspired and led thousands of students to the main square of Baku city to protest against the Soviet Union. As a result, a large-scale campaign of public demonstrations and meetings swept across Azerbaijan. Later the movement was suppressed by the special forces of the Ministry of Defense and Ministry of Internal Affairs of USSR. Despite this fact, Popular Front of Azerbaijan was established and Yurd became an integral part of this movement.[citation needed]

In 1992, Abulfaz Elchibey, the leader of PFA, won the 1992 Azerbaijani presidential election. A period of political, social and economic reforms followed. The laws on political parties, freedom of press, education and others were adopted. The country chose a pro-western liberal economic course and implemented the establishment of national currency, the Azerbaijani manat.[citation needed]

In April 1993, the Russian (formerly Soviet) army was withdrawn from Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan became the first republic in the former USSR which succeeded in achieving a full and unconditional withdrawal of Russian troops.[citation needed]

General Heydar Aliyev captured the power in 1993 following the 1993 Azerbaijani coup d'état and the Subsequent vote of confidence referendum on Abulfaz Elchibey's presidency. Elchibey was forced to leave the capital city.[citation needed]

Transformation to political party[]

Considering the dramatic and difficult situation facing PFA following the coup, Ali Karimli took the initiative by leading and protecting the organization from the attacks of the new regime from 1993 until 1997 and restoring its political power. In 1995 with the proposal of Ali Karimli and as a result of internal party discussions, Popular Front of Azerbaijan was reorganized from a social-political movement into a full-fledged political party. In the same year, (PFPA) managed to take seats in Parliament and Ali Kerimli became a leader of parliamentary party fraction.[citation needed]

In 2000, after the death of PFPA Chairman Elchibey, Ali Karimli was elected Chairman of the Party. In 2000 parliament elections PFPA took seats again and Ali Karimli was elected the leader of the opposition fraction in parliament.[citation needed]

The 2003 Azerbaijani presidential election in Azerbaijan fell short of international norms and standards.[2][3] They were followed by another wave of repressions against the opposition.[citation needed] Consequently, PFPA first suggested and then proclaimed the unification of opposition as the surest means to free and fair elections. On 18 March 2005 Popular Front Party of Azerbaijan (PFPA) has signed an agreement with other opposition parties on the establishment of a united opposition bloc – "Freedom" - for the participation in the parliamentary elections in November 2005.[citation needed]

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c Nordsieck, Wolfram (2010). "Azerbaijan". Parties and Elections in Europe. Archived from the original on 25 August 2010.CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  2. ^ "Azerbaijan: Presidential Elections 2003 – Human Rights Watch Briefing Paper" (PDF). Human Rights Watch. 2003-10-13. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-10-21. Retrieved 2020-10-21.
  3. ^ "The Azerbaijan 'Elections' – October 15, 2003". Institute for Democracy in Eastern Europe. 2020-10-21. Archived from the original on 2020-10-21. Retrieved 2020-10-21.

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