Bibliography of King Arthur

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a bibliography of works about King Arthur, his family, his friends or his enemies. This bibliography includes works that are notable or are by notable authors.

6th century[]

  • De Excidio et Conquestu Britanniae by Gildas, mentions the Battle of Mons Badonicus, but famously neglects to mention Arthur[1]

9th century[]

  • Historia Brittonum attributed to Nennius

10th century[]

Latin[]

Welsh[]

  • Preiddeu Annwfn attributed to Taliesin
  • "Pa Gur yv y Porthaur " or "Who is the gatekeeper?", Anonymous ( a dialogue between Arthur and a gatekeeper, in which he boasts about Cei Sir Kay's battle with the Cath Palug )
  • Englynion y Beddau or Stanzas of the graves, Anonymous (Arthur's grave site is a mystery)

11th century[]

Latin[]

  • The Legend of St. Goeznovius, Anonymous c. 1019
    (Saxon resurgence when Arthur is "recalled from the actions of the world" may be reference to his immortality.[2] Vortigern mentioned)
  • Vita Sancti Cadoc by Lifris of Llancarfan c. 1086
    (Arthur wants to ravish Gwladys whom Gundliauc elopes with, but aids them by Kay and Bedivere's counsel. St. Cadoc harbors a killer of Arthur's men and pays cattle as recompense, but they transform into bundles of ferns.[3])

Welsh[]

  • Trioedd Ynys Prydein (Triads of the Isle of Britain) 11th–14th century. (Twelve triads referring to Arthur.[4] Others mention (Mabon) and Drystan (Tristan),[5][page needed] etc.)
    • Trioedd y meirch (The Triads of the Horses) (Mentions the horse names of Cei (Sir Kay), Gwalchmai's horse Ceincaled.[6])
    • Tri Thlws ar Ddeg Ynys Prydain (Thirteen Treasures of the Island of Britain) 15th-16th century[7]
    • Pedwar marchog ar hugain llys (Twenty-four Knights of Arthur's Court) 15th-16th century[7] Mentions the sword Caledfwlch and the spear Rhongomiant[8]

12th century[]

Welsh[]

  • Culhwch and Olwen, Anonymous, c. 1100

Latin[]

  • Vita Sancti Carannog c. 1100 (At Arthur's requests, Carantoc tames a dragon. Cato (=Kay) is depicted as feeding it.[9])
  • Vita Sancti Euflami c. 1100 (Arthur cannot defeat dragon, but Efflam causes it to plunge from a rock through prayer[10][11])
  • Vita Sancti Paternus c. 1120s (Mentions Arthur and Caradoc)
  • Gesta Regum Anglorum by William of Malmesbury 1125 (Arthur wears image of Mary; Discovery of Gawain's tomb.[12][13])
  • Historia Anglorum by Henry of Huntingdon 1129 (Mentions Arthur)
  • Vita Santi Gildae by Caradoc of Llancarfan c. 1120-1130 (early version of Malegant-Guenivere abduction narrative.)
  • Works of Geoffrey of Monmouth
    • Historia Regum Britanniae c. 1136-8
    • Vita Merlini c. 1140

-These stores are the main source of information for those writing on the legend.

  • De miraculis sanctae Mariae Laudunensis by Herman of Tournai 1147 (early witness to the legend of Arthur's survival)
  • Life of Saint Kentigern by Jocelyn of Furness c. 1185 (Contains a version of the legend of Merlin, here called Lailoken[14])
  • Vita Sancti Illtud c. 1190s (Illtud came across from Brittany to visit his cousin Arthur's court.[15] King Mark mentioned.)

French and Anglo-Norman[]

  • Roman de Brut by Wace c. 1155 (an Anglo-Norman verse reworking of Historia Regum Britanniae)
  • Tristan by Thomas of Britain c. 1170s
  • Tristan by Béroul c. 1170s
  • Folie Tristan d'Oxford, c. 1175–1200
  • The Lais of Marie de France c. 1170s
  • The poems of Chrétien de Troyes
    • Erec and Enide c. 1170s
    • Cligés c. 1170s
    • Yvain, the Knight of the Lion c. 1180s
    • Lancelot, the Knight of the Cart c. 1180s
    • Perceval, le Conte du Graal c. 1190
    • Tristan mentioned but non-extant
  • The poems of Robert de Boron
    • Joseph d'Arimathie
    • Merlin
    • Perceval
(Robert de Borons verse Josephe d'Arimathie and 300 lines of Merlin are extant. A prose version of Josephe d'Arimathie, Merlin, Perzival trilogy, supposedly by Robert exists in two MSS.)
  • Lai du Cor by Robert Biket. (Caradoc succeeds in drinking from horn, proves wife's chastity.) [16]
  • . (Caradoc's wife passes chastity test by wearing ill-fitting mantel.)[citation needed]
  • La Mule sans frein c. 1200

German[]

  • Tristan by Eilhart von Oberge c. 1170s
  • Lanzelet by Ulrich von Zatzikhoven late 12th century (a rendering of a lost French tale of Lancelot that likely predates Chrétien de Troyes's famous Lancelot or the Knight of the Cart. Ulrich von Zatzikhoven obtained a copy of the original book in 1194 and translated the work from French into German.)
  • The poems of Hartmann von Aue
    • Iwein, late 12th century (German adaptation of Chrétien's Yvain, the Knight of the Lion)
    • Erec, late 12th century (expanded reworking of Chrétien's Erec and Enide)

13th century[]

French, Anglo-Norman or Provençal[]

  • Roman de Fergus by Guillaume le Clerc 1190s/1200s
  • Jaufré c. 1180 or 1225 (Occitan verse)
  • La Vengeance Raguidel c. 1200-1225 by Raoul (sometimes identified as Raoul de Houdenc)[17]
  • Lancelot-Grail, Anonymous c. 1210s-1230s
    • Estoire del Saint Grail
    • Estoire de Merlin
    • Lancelot propre
    • Queste del Saint Graal
    • Mort Artu
  • Perlesvaus, Anonymous, c. 1210s
  • Prose Tristan by "Luce de Gat" (1230s) and "Helie de Boron" (c. 1240)
  • Roman de Silence by Heldrius de Cornwall c. 1260s
  • Post-Vulgate Cycle, Anonymous (begun 1230s, finished 1240s)
  • L'âtre périlleux, Anonymous (c. 1250) [18]
  • Roman de Roi Artus aka Compilation by Rusticiano (Rustichello da Pisa); Franco-Italian, c. 1290s -1300
    • Gyron le courtois (A portion of the Compilation published 1501?)
    • Meliadus de Leonnoys (Another portion, published 1528 by Galliot du Pré, 1532 by Denys Janot)

German[]

  • Tristan by Gottfried von Strassburg c. 1210s
  • Parzival by Wolfram von Eschenbach c. 1210s
  • Daniel von Blumenthal by Der Stricker c. 1220
  • Diu Crône Heinrich von dem Türlin
  • The poems of Der Pleier
    • Garel von dem blühenden Tal, c. 1230s or c. 1250-80
    • Tandareis und Flordibel c. 1250-80
    • Meleranz c. 1250-80
  • Der Mantel, once attributed to Heinrich von dem Türlin. (The "ill-fitting mantle" chastity test theme)[citation needed]

Norse[]

  • Brother Robert's prose renditions
    • Tristrams saga ok Ísöndar 1226 (Norse reworking Tristan by Thomas of Britain)
    • Ivens saga 1226 (Norse reworking of Chrétien's Yvain, the Knight of the Lion)
    • Erex saga, perhaps originally by Robert. (Text probably changed in MS. transmission. A Norse reworking of Chrétien's Erec and Enide)
    • Möttuls saga, adaptation of the "ill-fitting mantle" story.
  • Strengleikar (Translations of lais mostly by Marie de France)
    • "Geitarlauf" (Translation of Chevrefoil)
    • "Januals ljóð" (Translation of Lanval)

English[]

  • Brut by Layamon (English reworking of Historia Regum Britanniae)
  • Sir Tristrem c. 1300 (English reworking of Tristan by Thomas of Britain)
  • Arthour and Merlin c. 1300[citation needed]

Dutch[]

  • Walewein en het schaakbord, by Penninc and Pieter Vostaert[citation needed]
  • Roman van Ferguut (translation and reworking of the Roman de Fergus)
  • The Lancelot-Compilatie (an adaptation of the Lancelot-Grail and other romances, 10 in all:[19])
    • Lanceloet
    • Perchevael
    • Morien (Moriaen)
    • Queeste vanden Grale
    • Wrake van Ragisel (Adaptation of Vengeance Raguidel)
    • Ridder metter mouwen ("The Knight with the Sleeve" )
    • Walewein ende Keye
    • Lanceloet en het hert met de witte voet ("Lancelot and the Stag with the White Foot")
    • Torec, by Jacob van Maerlant
    • Arturs doet

Hebrew[]

  • Melech Artus ("King Artus"), a 1279 Hebrew translation, and the first in that language, which was published in Italy. Contains several short parts of the Vulgate Cycle: the Pendragon's seduction of Igraine and Arthur's death. Total of 5 pages, at the end of a larger codex on calendar astronomy titled Sefer ha-I'bbur ("the book of making leap years"). Anonymous author.[20]

Welsh[]

  • Brut y Brenhinedd, Welsh chronicle adaptation of Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia Regum Britanniae
  • The Dream of Rhonabwy, Anonymous
  • The Black Book of Carmarthen, Anonymous (Mentions Arthur)

14th century[]

English[]

Welsh[]

(All dates for the Welsh compositions are controversial)

  • Mabinogion, Anonymous
  • Culhwch and Olwen (recorded)[citation needed]
  • The Welsh Romances
    • Owain, or the Lady of the Fountain
    • Geraint and Enid
    • Peredur, son of Efrawg

Italian[]

  • Tavola Rottonda, Anonymous[citation needed]

French[]

  • Perceforest, Anonymous

Catalan[]

  • by Guillem de Torroella[21]

Greek[]

  • Presbys Hippotes (Greek reworking of part of Rustichello da Pisa's Compilations)[citation needed]

15th century[]

English[]

Italian[]

Icelandic[]

  • Skikkju Rimur, (a rendition of the "ill-fitting mantle" story)[citation needed]

Breton[]

16th century[]

English[]

  • Arthur of Little Britain[citation needed]
  • The Greene Knight, c. 1500
  • The Boy and the Mantle (ballad in the , chastity test story of the "ill-fitting mantle" and the horn)
  • The Knightly Tale of Gologras and Gawain, 1508
  • The Jeaste of Sir Gawain[citation needed]
  • The Misfortunes of Arthur by Thomas Hughes, 1587
  • The Faerie Queene by Edmund Spenser, 1590

Welsh[]

  • Tristan Romance, preserved in fragmentary form in several MSS.[citation needed]

Byelo-Russian[]

  • Povest Trychane 1560s[citation needed]

17th century[]

English[]

  • Works of Richard Johnson
    • Tom a Lincoln (1607)
    • The History of Tom Thumbe, the Little, for his small stature surnamed, King Arthurs Dwarfe (1621)
  • The Birth of Merlin, or, The Childe Hath Found His Father by William Rowley (?1620; first published 1662)
  • Works of Richard Blackmore
    • Prince Arthur: An Heroick Poem in Ten Books (1695)
    • King Arthur: An Heroick Poem in Twelve Books (1697)

Yiddish[]

  • Widwilt (Yiddish reworking of Le Bel Inconnu)[citation needed]

18th century[]

  • Warton, Thomas (1728–1790)[citation needed]
    • "The Grave of King Arthur" (1777)
    • "On King Arthur's Round-table at Winchester" (1777)
  • Vortigern and Rowena by W. H. Ireland (1799) (A Shakespearian forgery)

19th century[]

20th century[]

English[]

Welsh[]

  • Ymadawiad Arthur (1902) by Thomas Gwynn Jones

21st century[]

  • In the series The Secrets of the Immortal Nicholas Flamel by Michael Scott there are many mentions of artifacts and people in the legends of King Arthur.
  • The Merlin Codex by Robert Holdstock
    • Celtika (2001)
    • The Iron Grail (2002)
    • The Broken Kings (2007)
  • Tales of Guinevere series by Alice Borchardt.
  • Corbenic by Catherine Fisher (2002)
  • I am Morgan le Fay: A Tale from Camelot by Nancy Springer (2002)
  • Tristan and Isolde (2002) series by Rosalind Miles
  • Sword of the Rightful King by Jane Yolen (2003)
  • The House of Pendragon by Debra A. Kemp
    • I: The Firebrand (2003)
    • II: The Recruit (2007)
  • The Extraordinary Adventures of Alfred Kropp by Rick Yancey (2005)
  • Douglas Clegg: Mordred, Bastard Son (2006)
  • Fate/Zero by Gen Urobuchi (2006-2007)
  • Dracula vs. King Arthur By Adam Beranek, Christian Beranek and Chris Moreno (2007)
  • Orion and King Arthur By Ben Bova (2011)
  • Song of the Sparrow by Lisa Ann Sandell (2007)
  • Camelot Lost by Jessica Bonito (Jessica McHugh) (2008)
  • Avalon High by Meg Cabot
  • The Sangreal Trilogy by Amanda Hemingway
  • Sword of Darkness by Kinley MacGregor
  • Knight of Darkness by Kinley MacGregor
  • Here Lies Arthur by Philip Reeve
  • The Book of Mordred by Vivian Vande Velde
  • Sons of Avalon, Merlin's Prophecy by Dee Marie (2008)
  • Sarah Zettel's four-part series about the brothers Gawain, Gareth, Agravain, and Geraint:
    • In Camelot's Shadow (2004)
    • For Camelot's Honor (2005)
    • Under Camelot's Banner (2006)
    • Camelot's Blood (2008)
  • Trilogy by T.A. Barron
    • ; originally issued as (2008)
    • (2009)
    • (2010)
  • Trilogy
    • (2011), companion to the
  • Gwenhwyfar (2009) by Mercedes Lackey.
  • The Seven Deadly Sins, a manga loosely based on the Arthurian legend, by Nakaba Suzuki (2012–present)
  • The School for Good and Evil, a book series that contains many Arthurian figures, including King Arthur's son - a central character in the books. (2013–present)
  • J.R.R. Tolkien - The Fall of Arthur (2013, written in the 1920s-30s)
  • The Devices Trilogy by Philip Purser-Hallard, starting with The Pendragon Protocol (2014)
  • The Eighth Day series by (2014)
  • Kazuo Ishiguro - The Buried Giant (2015)
  • Garden of Avalon by Kinoko Nasu
  • Harley Merlin by (2018)
  • The Guinevere Deception by Kiersten White (2019)
  • Seven Endless Forests by April Genevieve Tucholke (2020)
  • Legendborn by Tracy Deonn (2020)

Nonfiction[]

  • Arthur's Britain by Leslie Alcock
  • The Quest for Arthur's Britain by Geoffrey Ashe
  • The Medieval Quest for Arthur by Robert Rouse and
  • King Arthur: The True Story by Graham Phillips and Martin Keatman
  • The Lost Tomb of King Arthur: The search for Camelot and the Isle of Avalon by Graham Phillips
  • by Nikolai Tolstoy (1985)
  • Pendragon: The Origins of Arthur by Steve Blake and Scott Lloyd
  • The Arthurian Tradition by John Matthews
  • The Age of Arthur: A History of the British Isles from 350 to 650 John Morris
  • Journey to Avalon: The Final Discovery of King Arthur by Chris Barber and

Depictions in other media[]

References[]

  1. ^ Lacy 1986, Gildas.
  2. ^ White 1997
  3. ^ White 1997, pp. 13–16)
  4. ^ Lacy 1997, pp. 565–7, GA(Geoffrey Ashe), "Triads"
  5. ^ Bromwich 1961.
  6. ^ Bromwich 1961, pp. 97–121
  7. ^ Jump up to: a b Bromwich 1961, p. cxxx "Period of the Cywyddwyr"
  8. ^ Bromwich 1961, appendix IV, pp. 250–255.
  9. ^ White 1997, pp. 16–17
  10. ^ Lacy 1986, p. 471, GA, "Saints' Lives, Arthur in"
  11. ^ de la Borderie, Arthur, ed. (1891). "Saint Efflam, texte inédit de la vie ancienne de ce saint". Annales de Bretagne. Facultés des Lettres et Sciences Humaines, Universities of Rennes et Nantes. VII: 279–. (p.299)
  12. ^ White 1997, pp. 22–23
  13. ^ Lacy 1986, p. 630, KGM　(Kenneth G. Madison), "William of Malmesbury"
  14. ^ Green, Cynthia Whiddon (1998). "Jocelyn, a monk of Furness: The Life of Kentigern (Mungo)". Fordham University. Retrieved 2012-12-25., Chapter xlv, "Laleocen"
  15. ^ White 1997, pp. 24
  16. ^ Le lai du cor et Le manteau mal taillé : les dessous de la Table ronde, Koble, Nathalie; Baumgartner, Emmanuèle, (Paris: Éditions Rue d'Ulm, 2005)
  17. ^ Lacy 1999, p. 595
  18. ^ see 'The Perilous Graveyard: a text edition': http://opencommons.uconn.edu/dissertations/AAI9906544/ [accessed 1st Feb 2018]
  19. ^ Lacy 1999, pp. 387–8, BB (Bart Besamusca), "Middle Dutch Arthurian Literature"
  20. ^ Curt Leviant. King Artus: A Hebrew Arthurian Romance of 1279. Syracuse University Press, 2003. For the Manuscript: Mss. Urb. Ebr. 48 in the Vatican Library, pp. 75r-77r.
  21. ^ "Guillem de Torroella"
  22. ^ Brian Stableford, (2009), The A to Z of Fantasy Literature, page 205. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0810868296

External links[]

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