Bojnord
Bojnord
بجنورد | |
|---|---|
City | |
 Mofakham's Mirror House | |
 Seal | |
  Bojnord | |
| Coordinates: 37°28′30″N 57°20′00″E / 37.47500°N 57.33333°ECoordinates: 37°28′30″N 57°20′00″E / 37.47500°N 57.33333°E | |
| Country |  Iran |
| Province | North Khorasan |
| County | Bojnord |
| Bakhsh | Central |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | |
| Area | |
| • City | 36 km2 (14 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,070 m (3,510 ft) |
| Population (2016 census) | |
| • Urban | 228,931 [1] |
| • Metro | 328,931 |
| Time zone | UTC+03:30 (IRST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+04:30 (IRDT) |
| Area code(s) | (+98) 58 |
| Climate | BSk |
| Website | http://www.bojnord-city.ir/ |
Bojnord (Persian: 
بجنورد; also romanized Bojnūrd, Bujnūrd, Bojnoord, Bojnord or Bujnurd), known in the Middle Ages as Buzanjird,[2][3] is the capital city of North Khorasan Province, Iran. It is about 701 km (436 mi) from Tehran.[4]
History[]
According to local tradition, the whole area was controlled by the Qarai Turks since the Mongol invasion in the 13th century.
Bojnurd is of recent origin and possibly built by the Safavids for the Kurdish Şadiyan tribe who had been settled there to strengthen the Safavid borders against hostile Turkics. Traditionally, the city was surrounded by a defensive wall and consisted of eleven quarters, bazaars and four mosques.
In 1849, the city saw a revolt which destroyed the city. When traveller G. C. Napier visited the city in 1876, it was noted that the chief of Bojnurd was a Kurd who governed the city without taxation in exchange for military support to the central government in Tehran.
The city experienced severe earthquakes in 1896 and 1929 which destroyed the city and its surroundings. The city would consequently be rebuilt without historical or recent fortifications in a modern matter.[5]
Colleges and universities[]
Universities located in Bojnord include:[6]
- North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences
- Islamic Azad University of Bojnurd
- Eshragh Institute of Higher Education (Bojnurd, North Khorasan)
- Payam Noor University of Bojnurd
Notables from Bojnurd[]
- Abdolhossein Teymourtash (Sardar Moazzam Khorasani), a distinguished and influential politician of the 20th century (Pahlavi Dynasty)
- Kazem Mousavi Bojnurdi, historian, theologian, writer and the curator of the National Library of Iran (1997–2005)
- Mohammad Davari, journalist, known for arrest in 2009–10 Iranian election protests
- Ehsan Khoshbakht, film critic and curator and the co-director of Il Cinema Ritrovato in Bologna, Italy
Climate[]
Bojnord has a cold semi-arid climate (BSk) according to the Köppen climate classification.
| hideClimate data for Bojnurd | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 6.3 (43.3) |
7.6 (45.7) |
12.5 (54.5) |
19.9 (67.8) |
24.3 (75.7) |
29.6 (85.3) |
32.4 (90.3) |
31.8 (89.2) |
28.2 (82.8) |
21.2 (70.2) |
14.3 (57.7) |
8.7 (47.7) |
19.7 (67.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 1.5 (34.7) |
2.4 (36.3) |
6.8 (44.2) |
13.3 (55.9) |
17.5 (63.5) |
22.4 (72.3) |
25.1 (77.2) |
24.2 (75.6) |
20.4 (68.7) |
14.0 (57.2) |
8.4 (47.1) |
3.7 (38.7) |
13.3 (56.0) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −3.4 (25.9) |
−2.8 (27.0) |
1.1 (34.0) |
6.7 (44.1) |
10.7 (51.3) |
15.1 (59.2) |
17.8 (64.0) |
16.6 (61.9) |
12.5 (54.5) |
6.7 (44.1) |
2.4 (36.3) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
6.8 (44.3) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 27.6 (1.09) |
30.7 (1.21) |
42.4 (1.67) |
38.5 (1.52) |
34.6 (1.36) |
8.7 (0.34) |
10.1 (0.40) |
6.0 (0.24) |
8.4 (0.33) |
14.1 (0.56) |
26.3 (1.04) |
25.0 (0.98) |
272.4 (10.74) |
| Average precipitation days | 11.1 | 11.5 | 12.8 | 10.6 | 9.6 | 3.6 | 2.6 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 5.6 | 8.3 | 10.1 | 90.2 |
| Source: World Meteorological Organisation | |||||||||||||
References[]
- ^ "Statistical Center of Iran > Home".
- ^ "Maps, Weather, and Airports for Bojnurd, Iran".
- ^ Bojnord can be found at GEOnet Names Server, at this link, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-3056548" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
- ^ "Tehran".
- ^ Ehlers, Eckart; Bosworth, C. E. (1989). "BOJNŪRD". Encyclopedia Iranica. IV.
- ^ "دانستنیهایی از استان خراسان شمالی".
External links[]
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bojnord. |
 |
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Bujnūrd. |
| show North Khorasan Province |
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| show Bojnord County |
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- Cities in North Khorasan Province
- Iranian provincial capitals
- Populated places in Bojnord County
- Kurdish settlements in Iran