British Rail Class 46

Derby Type 4 British Rail Class 46
46 045 at Exeter St Davids in 1976.
Type and origin Power type Diesel-electric Builder British Railways’ Derby Works Build date 1961–1963 Total produced 56
Specifications Configuration: ​  • UIC (1′Co)(Co1′)  • Commonwealth 1Co-Co1 Gauge 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge Wheel diameter 3 ft 9 in (1.143 m) Minimum curve 3.5 chains (70 m) Wheelbase 59 ft 8 in (18.19 m) Length 67 ft 11 in (20.70 m) Width 8 ft 10+1⁄2 in (2.71 m) Height 12 ft 10 in (3.91 m) Loco weight 138 long tons (140 t; 155 short tons) Fuel capacity 790 imp gal (3,600 l; 950 US gal) Prime mover Sulzer 12LDA28-B Generator Brush Traction motors Brush MU working ★ Blue Star Train heating Steam Train brakes Vacuum
Performance figures Maximum speed 90 mph (145 km/h) Power output Engine: 2,500 bhp (1,864 kW) At rail: 1,962 hp (1,463 kW) Tractive effort Maximum: 55,000 lbf (245 kN) Brakeforce 63 long tons-force (628 kN)
Career Operators British Railways Numbers D138–D193; later 46 001–46 056 Nicknames ‘Peak’ Axle load class Route availability 7 Withdrawn 1977–1984 Disposition Three preserved, one wrecked in nuclear flask test already destined for scrap, remainder scrapped

The British Rail Class 46 is a class of diesel locomotive. They were built from 1961 to 1963 at British Railways' Derby Works and were initially numbered D138–D193. With the arrival of TOPS they were renumbered to Class 46. Along with the similar Class 44 and 45 locomotives, they became known as Peaks.

Fifty-six locomotives were built. The first was withdrawn in 1977 and all of them were withdrawn by the end of 1984.

Overview[]

The Class 46 design was structurally the same as the preceding Class 45 build, and had the same Sulzer engine, but differed in the fitment of a Brush generator and traction motors, in place of the Crompton Parkinson equipment fitted to the Class 45. Along with the other Sulzer class 44 and 45 designs they are often referred to as "Peaks", so named because the earliest of the Class 44 were named after mountains.^[1][2]

The British Transport Commission decided to cancel the final twenty Class 46 locomotives then on order and invited bids for twenty locomotives of a new Type 4 specification using the Brush electrical equipment intended for the cancelled order. Brush won the contract with what became the Class 47.^[3][4]

Naming[]

46 026 Leicestershire and Derbyshire Yeomanry - the only named Class 46.

Unlike the earlier Peak designs, many of which were named, only one class 46 was so graced: D163 (later 46 026) carried the name Leicestershire and Derbyshire Yeomanry from new. This engine was nicknamed "The Lady" by both staff and rail fans alike. This name is now carried by the preserved Class 45 number D123 / 45 125.

Detail of 46 026's nameplate.

Operation[]

Distribution of locomotives,
March 1974^[5]

BR GD LA
Code	Name	Quantity
BR	Bristol Bath Road	22
GD	Gateshead	24
LA	Laira	10
Total:		56

Despite intermittent use on freight trains, Class 46s were regular performers on passenger turns, particularly North East-South West, Trans-Pennine and secondary North East-London trains,^[2][6] and depot allocations reflected this with locos at Gateshead and Plymouth in 1977^[7] giving a typical spread. Freight workings were also quite often worked over long distances, particularly "clay hoods" carrying china clay from Cornwall to the area around Stoke-on-Trent.

In the 1980s the remaining locomotives were concentrated at Gateshead depot, and the final booked passenger workings for the class were the dated summer Saturday services Bradford - Weymouth (between Bradford and Birmingham New Street), Newcastle - Plymouth, Newcastle - Blackpool North, and York - Blackpool North.^[8]

Nuclear flask crash test[]

The test at Old Dalby

On 17 July 1984, 46 009 (formerly D146), hauling three Mark 1 coaches, was deliberately crashed into a "Flatrol" wagon loaded with a nuclear waste flask and lying on its side. The train was travelling at about 100 mph (160 km/h) on the Old Dalby Test Track in a test organised by the CEGB.^[9][10][11] The test was intended to demonstrate to the public that there would be no leak of radioactive material in the event of a rail accident involving a train carrying a nuclear waste flask.^[9][12]

46 009 was scrapped on site at Old Dalby later the same month by Vic Berry of Leicester. The flask is on display outside Heysham 1 power station training centre. Images

Preservation[]

Three have been preserved: 46 010 at the Great Central Railway - Nottingham; and 46 035 Ixion and D182 (46 045) at Midland Railway - Butterley

In fiction[]

A Class 46, numbered D199 appears in Rev. Wilbert Awdry's The Railway Series book Enterprising Engines. He never received an official name, but was nicknamed as "Spamcan" and "Old Reliable" due to his bad performance and rude behaviour against the steam engines on the Island of Sodor.^[13]

Gallery[]

References[]

Sources[]

• Webb, Brian (1978). Sulzer Diesel Locomotives of British Rail. David & Charles. ISBN 0715375148.

Further reading[]

• Marsden, Colin J.; Fenn, Graham B. (1988). British Rail Main Line Diesel Locomotives. Sparkford: Haynes. pp. 196–199. ISBN 9780860933182. OCLC 17916362.
• Vehicle Diagram Book No. 100 for Main Line Diesel Locomotives (PDF). Barrowmore MRG. Derby: British Railways Board. October 1984. p. 27, 37, 108-109 (per pdf).
• "New life for '46s'". Rail Enthusiast. EMAP National Publications. February–March 1982. p. 52. ISSN 0262-561X. OCLC 49957965.
• Yeoman (June 1984). "Class 46: Update on a dying breed". Rail Enthusiast. EMAP National Publications. p. 22. ISSN 0262-561X. OCLC 49957965.

External links[]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to British Rail Class 46.

• Railblue.com A list of fleet numbers with dates withdrawn.