British Rail Class 66

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British Rail Class 66
66534 on container train.jpg
66534 with down container train approaching Eastleigh
hideType and origin
Power typeDiesel-electric
BuilderElectro-Motive Diesel
London, Ontario
ModelJT42CWR
Build date1998–2008
2014–2015
Total produced480
hideSpecifications
Configuration:
​
 • AARC-C
 • UICCo'Co'
 • CommonwealthCo-Co
Gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge
BogiesHTCR radial
Wheel diameter1,066 mm (42.0 in)
Minimum curve4 chains (80 m)
Wheelbase
  • 17.29 m (56 ft 9 in) (between bogies)
  • 4.15 m (13 ft 7 in) (bogies)
Length21.4 m (70 ft 3 in)
Width2.65 m (8 ft 8 in)
Height3.9 m (12 ft 10 in)
Loco weight129.6 tonnes (127.6 long tons; 142.9 short tons)
Fuel capacity6,400 litres (1,410 imp gal; 1,690 US gal)
Prime moverEMD 710 two-stroke diesel
  • Class 66/9: 12N-710G3B-T2
  • Remainder: 12N-710G3B-EC
RPM range200–904
Displacement710 in3 (11,600 cm3) per cylinder
AlternatorEMD AR8
Traction motors6× EMD D43-TR
Cylinders12
MU workingAAR system (Classes 59, 66, 67, 69 and 73/9)
Train heatingNone
Train brakesWestinghouse PBL Air
hidePerformance figures
Maximum speed
  • Class 66/6: 65 mph (105 km/h)
  • Remainder: 75 mph (121 km/h)
Power output
  • Engine: 3,300 bhp (2,460 kW)
  • at rail: 3,000 bhp (2,240 kW)
Tractive effort
  • Maximum: 409 kN (91,900 lbf) at starting
  • Continuous: 260 kN (58,500 lbf) at 15.9 mph (25.6 km/h)
Brakeforce68 tonnes (67 long tons; 75 short tons)
hideCareer
Operators
Numbers
  • 66001–66250
  • 66301–66305
  • 66411–66434
  • 66501–66599
  • 66601–66625
  • 66701–66792
  • 66846–66850
  • 66951–66957
Nicknames'Shed'
Axle load classRoute availability 7

The Class 66 is a type of six-axle diesel-electric freight locomotive developed in part from the Class 59, for use on the railways of the UK. Since its introduction the class has been successful and has been sold to British and other European railway companies. In Continental Europe it is marketed as the EMD Class 66 (JT42CWR).

History[]

Background[]

On the privatisation of British Rail's freight operations in 1996, Wisconsin Central Transportation Systems under the control of Ed Burkhardt bought a number of the newly privatised rail freight companies: Transrail Freight, Mainline Freight, Loadhaul, and later, Railfreight Distribution and Rail Express Systems; thus controlling 93% of UK rail freight. After a public relations exercise involving the input of the general public, the company was named English Welsh & Scottish Railway (EWS).[1]

EWS inherited a fleet of 1,600, mainly diesel, locomotives, with an average age of over 30 years; 300 had been cannibalised for spares.[1] Typical of the fleet, the 2580 hp Class 47s needed a major overhaul every seven years, costing £400,000; yet had an average daily availability of less than 65% with only 16 days between major failures.[1] To enable it to offer its stated lower pricing to customers, EWS needed to reduce operating costs and increase availability.[1]

Order and specification[]

After reviewing the existing privately commissioned Class 59, which was more powerful, highly reliable and with lower operating costs, EWS approached its builder Electro-Motive Diesel (EMD), then a division of General Motors. EMD offered their JT42CWR model, which had the same loading gauge-passing bodyshell as the Class 59. The engine and traction motors were different models to enable higher speeds, and the Class 66s incorporated General Motors' version of a "self-steering bogie" ("radial truck", in American usage), designed to reduce track wear and increase adhesion on curves.[1]

Placing what was termed as "the biggest British loco order since steam days",[1] EWS placed an order for 250 units in May 1996 to be built at the EMD plant in London, Ontario, Canada at a cost of £375 million. Financed by Locomotion Capital (later Angel Trains), the first locomotives were ready in early 1998; the fastest delivery of an all-new locomotive type by GM. [2][3]

The EMD 710 12-cylinder diesel engine is a development of a two-stroke engine used for over 20 years, whilst the EM2000 control equipment is the same as that used on Irish Railways IE 201 Class.[1] EWS reduced the locomotive's time into operation through specifying cab systems laid out like the Class 59,[1] whilst increasing availability with a fuel tank of 8,180 litres (1,800 imp gal; 2,160 US gal) capacity, compared to 3,470 litres (760 imp gal; 920 US gal) on a standard Class 47.[1]

United Kingdom[]

66125 in EWS livery at Eastleigh

The first locomotive shipped to the UK arrived at Immingham in June 1998,[3] taken to Derby for testing.[1] The second was taken to AAR's Pueblo Test Centre for endurance testing, before shipping to the UK.[1] The locomotives then shipped at a rate of 11 per month into the UK via Newport Docks, until the order was completed in December 2001.[1] After unloading, EWS engineers then simply took off the tarpaulin, unblocked the suspension, and finally as each was shipped with water and fuel, connected the batteries, before starting the engine and handing the locomotive into service.[1] The ability to simply start up '66s' on the dockside and drive them under their own power to depots to enter service was nothing short of a revelation compared with many other BR locomotives, particularly the BR Class 60s[4]

Each locomotive is specified and guaranteed to 95% availability, aiming for a minimum of 180 days mean time between failures.[1] It is designed to cover 1·6 million km between major rebuilds, equivalent to 18 years' service, with each major rebuild costed at £200,000.[1]

The initial classification was as Class 61, then they were subsequently given the Class 66 designation in the British classification system (TOPS). In 1998 Freightliner placed an order for locomotives. They were followed by GB Railfreight, and then Direct Rail Services. The last of more than 500 built over an 18-year period was No 66779, Evening Star, delivered to GB Railfreight in spring 2016.[5]

Although sometimes unpopular with many rail enthusiasts, due to their ubiquity and having caused the displacement of several older types of (mostly) British built locomotives, their high reliability has helped rail freight to remain competitive. Rail enthusiasts labelled the type "The Red Death" as they displaced many older types of locomotive[6] whilst also acquiring the nicknames of "sheds" for the EWS (now DBS) locomotives (due to their upturned roof looking like a shed roof)[7] with the Freightliner locomotives being called "Freds" as a portmanteau of Freightliner and Shed.[8]

Continental Europe[]

Main article: EMD Series 66

The Class 66 design has also been introduced to Continental Europe where it is currently certified for operations in Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, France, and Poland, with certification pending in the Czech Republic and Italy. They currently operate on routes between Sweden and Denmark and between Germany, Belgium, The Netherlands and Poland. As a result of its well-known British identity, EMD Europe markets the locomotive as "Series 66".

UK importation[]

After an increase in UK rail traffic, post the 2008 Global Economic Crisis, by 2011 EMD were running low on key parts for the design, specifically castings. After the closure of the London, Ontario, plant that year, after an industrial dispute, and the introduction of new EU crash and emissions regulations, it was concluded by many that the last of the Class 66 locomotives had been produced.

Due to a reduction in European freight volumes, since mid-2012, a number of EMD Series 66 locomotives have been imported by UK rail freight operators and converted to UK type specifications. To date:[9]

  • GBRf bought three ex-Dutch locos, in 2012, which have been numbered 66747-749. The former identities of these were DE6316, DE6313 and DE6315 respectively.
  • GBRf bought two ex-German "Rush Rail" locomotives, in 2013, which have been numbered 66750 & 66751. The former identities of these were DE6606 (also T664025) and DE6609 (also 2906) respectively
  • GBRf bought three ex-Swedish locomotives, in 2019, which have been numbered 66790-792. The former identities of these were T66403, T66404 and T66405 respectively.

In September 2013 GB Railfreight announced a new order of a further 8 Class 66/7 locomotives from EMD, the first of the class to be built at EMD's Muncie, Indiana plant. On 2 February GBRf ordered a further 13 locomotives. These 21 locomotives are numbered 66752-772.[10] Numbers 66752-756 were shipped from America and arrived at Newport Docks in July 2014. No. 66752 has been named The Hoosier State, a nickname for Indiana.[11] A further seven locomotives (66773-779) were later added to the fleet, utilising six power units that had been in the UK, plus one recovered from the scrapped 66734. The presence of these power units in the UK circumvented European emission compliance regulations and permitted them to be exported to EMD Muncie for installation in further class 66 bodyshells.

Emission compliance[]

Numbers 66752-779 were the last Class 66s ordered for service in Great Britain because of increasingly stringent emission regulations. 66779 was the last Class 66 ever to be built. Although the Class 66s meet stage 3a of the regulations, they do not meet stage 3b. Stage 3b would have required additional exhaust treatment equipment that could not easily be accommodated within the UK loading gauge. The same restrictions apply to the Class 68 and Class 70. The restriction does not apply to second-hand locomotives, provided that they are imported from within the European Union. The purpose of the regulation was to put a cap on the total number of non-compliant locomotives in the EU.[12]

Current operators[]

Colas Rail[]

66850 at Ribblehead with KFA wagons.

Colas Rail took over the ex-Advenza Cemex Cement flow after the company went bust, initially using the five former Advenza Freight and Direct Rail Services locomotives 66406-410 which had been renumbered 66841-845. Subsequently, as part of a deal with GB Railfreight, Colas Rail replaced them with five ex-Freightliner 66573-577 which were renumbered 66846–850. The five ex-Direct Rail Services class 66s were transferred to GB Railfreight and renumbered 66742–746.

DB Cargo UK[]

Class 66 locomotive 66034 in DB livery at Didcot Parkway.

DB Cargo UK bought out EWS. Their Class 66 fleet includes four locomotives capable of banking heavy trains over the Lickey Incline. On these specific locomotives, the knuckle coupler has been modified to allow remote releasing from inside the cab, whilst in motion.[13] It also includes fifteen locomotives fitted with RETB signalling equipment, for working in northern Scotland and RETB-fitted branchlines.[13] A few DB Cargo UK Class 66s are now working in Europe as part of the Euro Cargo Rail and DB Cargo Polska.

Direct Rail Services[]

Direct Rail Services Class 66 locomotive 66412, in 'Compass' livery

Direct Rail Services (DRS), which at the time was a subsidiary of British Nuclear Fuels (BNFL), ordered ten Class 66/4 locomotives (66401–410) in 2002, employed on new Anglo-Scottish traffic, some with Stobart Rail. In 2006, ten more T2 specification units (66411–420) were delivered, a further ten (66421–430) in late 2007, and four more (66431–434) in 2008.

After the first 20 Class 66s operated by DRS were transferred to Freightliner and GB Railfreight, leaving just 14 in their fleet, DRS leased the five former Fastline Freight locomotives.

Freightliner[]

Freightliner 66610 on the East Coast Main Line near York

Freightliner followed EWS by initially ordering five new Class 66/5 locomotives, and have continued to order in small batches. As of 2020, the Class 66/5 fleet had reached 89 examples; 66521 was withdrawn after the 2001 crash at Great Heck and later scrapped.

In 2000 a new Class 66/6 sub-class was built, with a lower gear ratio, enabling heavier trains to be hauled, albeit at slower speed. There are presently 25 examples of this class, numbered 66601-625. Some of these locomotives have since been exported for use with Freightliner Poland.

During 2004 the company took delivery of the most recent Class 66/9 sub-class of the locomotive, which are a low-emission variant. All new locomotives for all companies are now of the low-emission "T2" type. The seven such locomotives as 66951-957.

In 2011, Freightliner took on Direct Rail Services' 66411-420.

GB Railfreight[]

GB Railfreight 66721 passes through Ipswich with a train of tank wagons.

GB Railfreight initially leased seventeen Class 66/7 locomotives, before increasing its fleet to 32. During April 2006 five more low-emission locomotives (numbered 66718-722) were delivered, liveried for use on the Metronet/Transport for London contracts. A further order for five more locomotives (66723-727) was delivered in early 2007, and another five locomotives (66728–732) in April 2008. 66733-746 are formed of Class 66s from Direct Rail Services, Freightliner and Colas Rail. In 2011 66720 was painted in a special "Rainbow" livery.[14] In June 2012, 66734 derailed at Loch Treig whilst working 6S45 North Blyth–Fort William and was consequently cut up on site and scrapped.[15]

The final seven Class 66s to be built for the British market arrived on 12 February 2016 aboard the cargo ship Happy Dragon at Newport docks and consisted of numbers 66773–779. On 15 February they were towed by 66708 north to Doncaster Roberts Road depot where they were commissioned and then put to work.[citation needed]

66779 remained under a tarpaulin until 10 May 2016 when it was revealed at the NRM York with a special livery and nameplates to commemorate the fact it is the final Class 66 ever built for the British market.[5][16] The locomotive has been painted in BR Lined Green and named Evening Star, in reference to BR Standard Class 9F 92220 Evening Star which was the last BR steam locomotive to be built. It was unveiled in a special ceremony inside the Great Hall at the National Railway Museum in York on 10 May 2016 before staying there opposite its namesake, No. 92220, for two weeks. At the same ceremony, the CEO of GBRf, John Smith, handed the curator of the National Railway Museum a document offering 66779 to the national collection when it is retired in about 40 years time.[17]

GBRf Class 66, "Pride of GB Railfeight", in rainbow livery, heading South at Helwith Bridge with a full load of aggregates from the nearby quarries in the background. Note the dust trail emerging from the tops of the open wagons?

In addition to those locomotives sourced from domestic operators (Direct Rail Services, Freightliner, Colas Rail and DB Cargo UK), eight further locomotives have been obtained from European operators. A further five have been purchased from Heavy Haul Power International and will be transferred from Germany beginning in April 2021. The locos will go to Doncaster to be converted to UK specification.[18]

Former operators[]

Advenza Freight[]

Advenza Freight, a Cotswold Rail subsidiary, operated class 66841-844. They were primarily used on Advenza's scrap and cement flows. The locomotives originated from the batch that DRS returned. Advenza Freight ceased operations in October 2009 and the class 66s returned to storage.

These locos were housed at Gloucester Carriage Sidings where Advenza Freight was based.

Fastline[]

66305 in Fastline livery in the snow

Fastline operated intermodal services between Doncaster and Birmingham International Railfreight Terminal (BIFT), and Thamesport, in North Kent, using refurbished Class 56 locomotives, ordered five Class 66/3 locomotives to operate a coal flow from Hatfield Colliery. They were delivered in 2008.[19][20] Following the demise of Jarvis in 2010, and Fastline going into administration on 29 March 2010,[21] these locomotives were placed in store, being towed to Direct Rail Services Carlisle Kingmoor and Crewe Gresty Lane depots for storage.[22] During 2011, DRS repainted the five ex-Fastline locomotives and added them to their own fleet, keeping their original numbers.

Sub-classes[]

Minor differences between different orders, and different operating companies have resulted in a number of subclasses being defined.[23]

Subclass Quantity Loco nos. Operators Comments
Class 66/0[3] 233 66001-007
66009-015
66017-030
66032-045
66047
66049-057
66059-080
66082-090
66092-107
66109-121
66123-125
66127-131
66133-140
66142-183
66185-229
66231-237
66239-249 		DB Cargo UK
  • The original order of 250.[3]
  • Euro Cargo Rail (65): 66010, 66022, 66026, 66028, 66029, 66032, 66033, 66036, 66038, 66042, 66045, 66049, 66052, 66062,66064, 66071-66073,66123, 66179, 66190-66191, 66193, 66195, 66201-66205, 66208-66220, 66222-66226, 66228-66229, 66231-66236, 66239-66247, 66249[24]
  • DB Cargo Polska (15): 66146, 66153, 66157, 66159, 66163, 66166, 66173, 66178, 66180, 66189, 66196, 66220, 66227, 66237, 66248[24]
  • 66048 was withdrawn in 2016 following an accident at Carr Bridge
  • 66230 is in storage at Toton TMD following an accident at Dollands Moor.
  • 65 locomotives were transferred to subsidiary Euro Cargo Rail during the English, Welsh & Scottish Railways era.
  • Others make regular visits to the UK for attention at Toton depot.
  • 15 locomotives have been sent to the Polish division of the DB Cargo group, DB Cargo Polska.
  • In December 2017 the company sold ten of its domestic fleet Class 66s to GB Railfreight: 66008, 016, 046, 058, 081, 132, 141, 184, 238 and 250. It has been reclassified as Class 66/7 and has been newly numbered 66780-789.[25]
5 66031
66091
66108
66122
66126 		Direct Rail Services On long-term lease from DB Cargo UK, all in DRS livery.
Class 66/3 5 66301-305 Originally ordered by Fastline Freight. Now in use with Direct Rail Services.
Class 66/4 10 66411-420 Freightliner Acquired from Direct Rail Services in 2011. 66411, 66412 & 66417 exported for use in Freightliner PL.[24]
14 66421-434 Direct Rail Services Intended use is on intermodal traffic. Occasionally used on nuclear flask traffic – for which they are overpowered.[3]
Class 66/5 99 66501-520
66522-526
66528-529
66531-534
66536-572
66585
66587-594
66596-599 		Freightliner
  • Replaced Class 47s and Class 57s on Intermodal freight.[3]
  • 66521 written off after Great Heck rail crash.
  • 66527, 66530, 66535, 66582, 66583, 66584, 66586 and 66595 have been exported to Poland, the operating subsidiary Freightliner PL.[24]
  • 66573-581 have been sold to Colas Rail and GB Railfreight and renumbered 66846-850 and 66738-741 respectively.
Clss 66/6 25 66601-607
66610
66613-623
  • Top speed of 65 mph (105 km/h) – reduced gearing to cope with heavier oil, aggregates and cement trains.[3]
  • 66608, 66609, 66611, 66612, 66624 and 66625 have been exported to Poland, the operating subsidiary Freightliner PL.[24]
Class 66/7 91 66701-733
66735-792 		GB Railfreight Operates on coal, intermodal services and also engineering / departmental work for Transport for London and Network Rail on London Underground and National Rail lines.[3]
  • 66734 was cut up on site after it was involved in a serious derailment at Loch Treig.
  • 66733 to 66737 were formerly Direct Rail Services 66401-405.
  • 66738 to 66741 were formerly Freightliner 66578-581.
  • 66742 to 66746 were formerly Colas Rail 66841-845 and prior to that were numbered 66406-410 when with Direct Rail Services.
  • 66747 to 66749 are a former Dutch fleet converted at the Midland Railway Centre.
  • 66750 and 66751 are former Beacon Rail locos from mainland Europe. Converted at the EMD Longport.
  • 66008, 016, 046, 058, 081, 132, 141, 184, 238 and 250 were formerly DB Cargo UK, these are 66780-66789.
  • 66790 to 66792 were imported by Beacon Rail from Sweden. Converted at the EMD Longport.[26]
Class 66/8 5 66846-850 Colas Rail Formerly operated by Freightliner as 66573-577.
Class 66/9 7 66951-957 Freightliner A lower emission variant – fuel capacity reduced to compensate for the increased weight of other components.[3]

Names[]

A Freightliner locomotive was named at Shildon, on 30 March 2009, as part of the Stephenson Locomotive Society's 100th anniversary celebrations:

  • 66957 Stephenson Locomotive Society 1909 - 2009[27]

GB Railfreight's 66775 was named after HMS Argyll, in a ceremony at HMNB Devonport in July 2017.[28]

66723 is named ZA723 Chinook.[29][unreliable source?]

GB Railfreight's 66735 was named Peterborough United in 2019 in memory of a supporter of the club who died two years prior.[30]

GB Railfreight's 66788 was named Locomotion 15, in a ceremony at Locomotion Shildon in September 2019. [31]

In April 2020, GB Railfreight's 66731 was named Capt. Tom Moore – A True British Inspiration after Captain Tom Moore in honour of his 100th birthday and his fundraising efforts on behalf of NHS charities.[32] On 16 June 2021, GB Railfreight 66764 was named Major John Poyntz.[33]

Further names include 66750 Bristol Panel Signal Box and until January 2021, 66791 named Neil Bennett.[34]

Number Name Notes
66175 Rail Riders Express DB locomotive.[35]
66303 Rail Riders 2020 DRS locomotive named at York railway station on 7 July 2021.[35]
66731 Capt. Tom Moore – A True British Inspiration Named in April 2020 in honour of the 100th birthday of Captain Tom Moore.[32]
66764 Major John Poyntz Named on 16 June 2021.[33]
66769 League Managers Association Carries the Prostate Cancer UK logo. Named in August 2021.[36]

Poor working environment[]

The British train drivers' union ASLEF has complained that the locomotives are unfit and unsafe to work in, citing excessive heat, noise levels and poor seating.

In April 2007, ASLEF proposed a ban on their members driving the locomotives during the British summer 2007 period. Keith Norman, ASLEF's general secretary, described the cabs as "unhealthy, unsafe and unsatisfactory". Research showed that in July 2006, when the weather had been extremely hot, the number of incidents where a driver had passed a signal at danger (SPAD) increased.[37] EWS entered into discussions and made amendments to a series of trial locomotives,[37] GB Railfreight and Freightliner also investigated cab improvements.[38] In June 2007, progress on the issue led ASLEF to withdraw its threat of industrial action.[39]

In Norway, CargoNet related complaints about the noise levels in the CD66 variant of the Class 66 resulted in higher pay rates for drivers.[40]

Accidents[]

  • On 28 February 2001, 66521 was involved in the 2001 Great Heck rail crash which resulted in 10 deaths including the driver Stephen Dunn.[41] The locomotive was written off and scrapped as a result of major damage sustained in the accident.[42]
  • On 9 February 2006, a freight train hauled by English Welsh & Scottish 66017, derailed at Brentingby Junction near Melton Mowbray. Having passed a signal at danger, the locomotive and the first three wagons were derailed at catch points at the end of the Up Goods Loop. There were no injuries.[43]
66 048 lies in the snow and trees following the Carrbridge derailment.
  • On 4 January 2010, a freight train, hauled by 66048, derailed at Carrbridge in snowy weather, blocking the Highland Main Line.[44] Having passed a signal at danger the train was derailed at trap points,[45] subsequently falling down an embankment into trees and injuring the two crew members. The locomotive was hauling container flats from Inverness to Mossend Yard on behalf of Stobart Rail.[46] The line was reopened on 12 January.[47] The body of this loco is in EMD Longport.[48]
  • On 21 November 2011, 66111 derailed between Exeter Central and Exeter St Davids on working an engineering works service.[49]
  • On 28 June 2012, GBRf operated 66734 derailed at Loch Treig whilst working the 6S45 North Blyth to Fort William Alcan Tanks.[50][51] Due to its position and the environmental risks associated with recovery, after agreement from owners Porterbrook it was cut-up on site and the mechanics recycled as spare parts.[52][53]
  • On 1 August 2015, 66428 was hauling an engineering train that ran into the rear of another engineering train at Logan, Ayrshire. It was severely damaged.[54] The train that was run into was hauled by 66305.[55]
  • On 14 August 2017, 66713 was hauling a freight train that derailed near Ely, due to defective suspension on the wagon that was first to derail. The railway between Ely and Peterborough was closed for a week.[56]
  • On 4 September 2018, 66230 was hauling a freight train which collided with a vehicle on a level crossing at Dollands Moor Freight Yard, Kent. One cab was extensively damaged in the post-impact fire. The locomotive was stored in Toton TMD.[57]
  • On 23 January 2020, 66154 was hauling a freight train which derailed at Wanstead Park and ran for 2.5 miles (4.0 km) before stopping near Walthamstow Queen's Road station.[58]
  • On 23 March 2020, 66057 ran through a buffer stop at the end of a siding at Bromsgrove and was derailed. The derailment caused the locomotive to foul the main line, and a Class 170 diesel multiple unit, unit number 170 107, collided with the derailed locomotive at around 85 miles per hour (137 km/h). No one was injured. [59]
  • On 11 November 2020, 66603 was hauling a freight train that derailed at Sheffield.[60] The derailment was caused by broken rail fastenings which allowed the track to spread.[61]
  • On 19 August 2021, 66754 was hauling a freight train which collided with a tractor on a level crossing at Whittlesea, Cambridgeshire The locomotive and three wagons were derailed.[62][63]

Models[]

In 2006 Hornby Railways launched its first version of the BR Class 66 in OO gauge range in a variety of liveries.[64]

See also[]

  • EMD Series 66

References and sources[]

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "EWS workhorses will deliver savings". Railway Gazette. 1 April 1998. Retrieved 6 February 2014.
  2. ^ Jones 2018, p. 22.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i "rolling stock : class 66 [sic]". thejunction.org.uk. 16 August 2006. Archived from the original on 20 February 2012. Retrieved 30 December 2013.
  4. ^ Jones 2018, pp. 22, 24.
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b Jones 2018, p. 26.
  6. ^ Buck, Martin (2005). Freightmaster review : a decade of change 1995 to 2004. Swindon: Freightmaster Publishing. p. 7. ISBN 978-0-9537540-4-5. Wikidata Q105958844.
  7. ^ Buck, Martin (2005). Freightmaster review : a decade of change 1995 to 2004. Swindon: Freightmaster Publishing. p. 60. ISBN 978-0-9537540-4-5. Wikidata Q105958844.
  8. ^ Piggott, Nick, ed. (October 1999). "Sheds and Freds". The Railway Magazine. Vol. 145 no. 1, 182. London: IPC. p. 13. ISSN 0033-8923.
  9. ^ "Import of EMD Series 66 increases due to lack of UK motive power". Railway Gazette. September 2013.
  10. ^ "GB Railfreight expands Class 66 fleet". Railway Gazette. 4 September 2013. Retrieved 6 February 2014.
  11. ^ Railways Illustrated. August 2014. p. 9. ISSN 1479-2230. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  12. ^ Rail Express. No. 217. June 2014. p. 9. ISSN 1362-234X. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  13. ^ Jump up to: a b Fox, Hall & Pritchard 2008[page needed]
  14. ^ "GB Railfreight goes for the unusual look to brighten a dull day". Railway Herald. No. 274. 11 July 2011. p. 4. ISSN 1751-8091. Retrieved 11 July 2011.
  15. ^ "Now scrapped GBRf 66734 down the bank at Loch Treig Scotland". britishrailways.tv. 2015. Archived from the original on 14 April 2015. Retrieved 10 April 2015.
  16. ^ "Brand new Class 66s delivered to Yorkshire". RAIL magazine. 16 February 2016. Retrieved 16 February 2016.
  17. ^ Milner, Chris, ed. (June 2016). "Last class 66 is named Evening Star". The Railway Magazine. Vol. 162 no. 1, 383. Horncastle: Mortons Media. p. 7. ISSN 0033-8923.
  18. ^ "GB Railfreight acquires Class 66 locos from Germany". Railway Gazette. Retrieved 27 October 2020.
  19. ^ "Fastline Freight's 66/3s arrive at Newport". Railway Herald. No. 137. 30 June 2008. p. 3. ISSN 1751-8091. Retrieved 30 December 2013.
  20. ^ "Fastline's first Class 66/3s arrive for UK power contract". Rail. No. 595. 2 July 2008. p. 6.
  21. ^ "Fastline Ltd". Archived from the original on 9 April 2010. Retrieved 30 December 2013.
  22. ^ "End of the Line: Withdrawn & Stored Locomotives UK". WNXX. List: Class 66. Archived from the original on 13 November 2010.
  23. ^ "Class 66 :: Electro-Motive Diesel JT42CWR". Class66.railfan.nl. Retrieved 26 December 2013.
  24. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Brits Abroad - The Railway Magazine. Retrieved 2020-08-26.
  25. ^ https://www.railwaymagazine.co.uk/gb-railfreight-buys-db-cargo-class-66s/
  26. ^ "First of three Swedish '66s' arrives for GB Railfreight". www.railmagazine.com. 3 June 2019. Retrieved 3 June 2019.
  27. ^ Stephenson Locomotive Society. "Locomotives Associated with the SLS". Stephenson Locomotive Society. SLS. Retrieved 22 July 2019.
  28. ^ http://www.plymouthherald.co.uk/sailors-celebrate-as-train-named-in-honour-of-plymouth-warship-hms-argyll/story-30434752-detail/story.html[permanent dead link]
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Sources[]

  • Peter Fox; Peter Hall; Robert Pritchard (2004). British Railways Locomotives & Coaching Stock 2004. Sheffield: Platform 5 Publishing. ISBN 978-1-902336-39-8. Wikidata Q105958847.
  • Peter Fox; Peter Hall; Robert Pritchard (2008). British Railways Locomotives & Coaching Stock 2008. Sheffield: Platform 5 Publishing. ISBN 978-1-902336-63-3. Wikidata Q105958849.
  • Jones, Ben (July 2018). "Freight without Frontiers: 20 years of Class 66". The Railway Magazine. pp. 23–29.
  • Electro-Motive Diesel, Inc. EMD: JT42CWRM.

Further reading[]

  • Taylor, Ross (2015). General Motors Type 5: Class 66 Locomotives. Amberley Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4456-4850-7. OCLC 921186595. OL 28831950M. Wikidata Q105958850.
  • "That's two down - only another 248 Class 66s to go...!". RAIL. No. 327. EMAP Apex Publications. 25 March – 7 April 1998. p. 17. ISSN 0953-4563. OCLC 49953699.
  • "EWS takes delivery of its first American-design Class 66s". RAIL. No. 328. EMAP Apex Publications. 8–21 April 1998. p. 9. ISSN 0953-4563. OCLC 49953699.
  • "First Canadian Class 66 arrives in Britain!". RAIL. No. 330. EMAP Apex Publications. 6–19 May 1998. pp. 8–9. ISSN 0953-4563. OCLC 49953699.
  • "Class 66 hauls revenue-earning freight train after just six weeks!". RAIL. No. 333. EMAP Apex Publications. 17–30 June 1998. pp. 8–9. ISSN 0953-4563. OCLC 49953699.
  • Holley, Mel (15–28 July 1998). "Off to Colorado with Ed's new Class 66!". RAIL. No. 335. EMAP Apex Publications. pp. 24–30. ISSN 0953-4563. OCLC 49953699.
  • Holley, Mel (9–22 September 1998). "Three more new Class 66s arrive in Britain - it may be 50 by Christmas". RAIL. No. 339. EMAP Apex Publications. pp. 12–13. ISSN 0953-4563. OCLC 49953699.
  • "Seven more Class 66s ready for delivery to EWS". RAIL. No. 340. EMAP Apex Publications. 23 September – 6 October 1998. p. 14. ISSN 0953-4563. OCLC 49953699.
  • "Second batch of Class 66s arrive - and they go straight into traffic". RAIL. No. 342. EMAP Apex Publications. 21 October – 3 November 1998. p. 17. ISSN 0953-4563. OCLC 49953699.
  • "Third batch of '66s' arrives as EWS hires four ships". RAIL. No. 343. EMAP Apex Publications. 4–17 November 1998. p. 12. ISSN 0953-4563. OCLC 49953699.
  • "EWS on target for 60 '66s' by Christmas". RAIL. No. 344. EMAP Apex Publications. 18 November – 1 December 1998. p. 10. ISSN 0953-4563. OCLC 49953699.

External links[]

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