Câmpulung

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For other uses, see Câmpulung (disambiguation).
Câmpulung
Municipality
The bust of Negru Vodă
The bust of Negru Vodă
Coat of arms of Câmpulung
Coat of arms
Location in Argeș County
Location in Argeș County
Câmpulung is located in Romania
Câmpulung
Câmpulung
Location in Romania
Coordinates: 45°16′04″N 25°2′47″E / 45.26778°N 25.04639°E / 45.26778; 25.04639Coordinates: 45°16′04″N 25°2′47″E / 45.26778°N 25.04639°E / 45.26778; 25.04639
CountryRomania
CountyArgeș
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2024) Elena-Valerica Lăsconi[1] (USR PLUS)
Area
35.59 km2 (13.74 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)[2]
31,767
 • Density890/km2 (2,300/sq mi)
Time zoneEET/EEST (UTC+2/+3)
Vehicle reg.AG
Websitewww.primariacampulung.ro

Câmpulung (also spelled Cîmpulung, Romanian pronunciation: [kɨmpuˈluŋɡ], German: Langenau, Old Romanian Dlăgopole, Длъгополе (from Middle Bulgarian)), or Câmpulung Muscel, is a municipality in the Argeș County, Muntenia, Romania. It is situated among the outlying hills of the Carpathian mountains, at the head of a long well-wooded glen traversed by the Râul Târgului, a tributary of the Argeș.[3]

Its pure air and fine scenery render Câmpulung a popular summer resort. In the city there are more than twenty churches, besides a monastery and a cathedral, which both claim to have been founded in the 13th century by Radu Negru, legendary first Prince of Wallachia.

Name[]

"Câmpulung" literally means "Long Field" in Romanian, rendered as "Longus-Campus" in Latin.

History[]

Paol House (Casa Paol) and Grădina Pieței (Garden Square) in 1906
A Câmpulung street in 1890, by Theodor Aman.

Near Câmpulung are the remains of a Roman camp now known as the Castra of Jidava (or Jidova); and just beyond the gates, vestiges of a Roman colony, variously identified with Romula, and Ulpia Traiana, but now called Grădiștea (meaning place of a fortress in Romanian) or Jidovi.[3]

Câmpulung was one of the earliest urban settlements in Wallachia, the Transylvanian Saxon colonists contributing to its development by bringing the German urban culture. The earliest written evidence of the town's existence is dated 1300, and is to be found in the Câmpulung church. The inscription is an epitaph of Laurencius de Longo Campo,[4] the full text being Hic sepultus est comes Laurencius de Longo-Campo, pie memorie, Anno Domini MCCC ("Here is buried count Laurentius of Longus-Campus, in pious memory, Anno Domini 1300"). Laurentius was most likely the person coordinating the colonization process.[5]

The first written record of Old Romanian language dated back to 1521 (Neacșu's letter) names the city by its Old Romanian name, which was Slavic, according to its roots: Dlăgopole — Длъгополь (with the same meaning — "a long field").

The elongated shape of the town was determined by the valley and it had two main parallel streets.[5] The town had a central market square, located near Prince's Church of Saint Nicholas and an annual fair which was held in the west of the town, near St. Elijah's Church.[5] The non-German areas of the town were found towards the outskirts of the medieval town, where two Orthodox churches were built during the 14th-15th centuries.[5]

Originally, the Romanians of the town did not have the same rights as the German colonists, but by the 15th century, the two communities were already merged, as shown by the new Romanian churches built near the Catholic areas and by the fact that some of the elected județs were Romanians.[6] Another community in the town were the Bogomil Bulgarians, who settled in the Șchei neighbourhood (Șchei being an old Romanian word referring to Slavic people).[7] Outside the town, in the south-west, on the hill currently named Câmpul mișeilor ("Field of the cripple") was a leper colony, which had its own church and mill.[7]

Câmpulung was the first capital of the feudal state of Wallachia, until succeeded by Curtea de Argeș in the 14th century. There was a considerable traffic with Transylvania, over the Bran Pass, 15 miles to the north, and with the south by a branch railway to Ploiești.

Census[]

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1859 8,283—    
1900 13,033+57.3%
1912 16,090+23.5%
1930 13,868−13.8%
1948 18,174+31.0%
1956 18,880+3.9%
1966 24,877+31.8%
1977 31,533+26.8%
1992 44,125+39.9%
2002 38,285−13.2%
2011 31,767−17.0%
Source: Census data

See also[]

Natives[]

Notes[]

  1. ^ "Results of the 2020 local elections". Central Electoral Bureau. Retrieved 8 June 2021.
  2. ^ "Populaţia stabilă pe judeţe, municipii, oraşe şi localităti componenete la RPL_2011" (in Romanian). National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 4 February 2014.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Câmpulung" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  4. ^ Rădvan, p.264
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Rădvan, p.265
  6. ^ Rădvan, p.266
  7. ^ Jump up to: a b Rădvan, p.267

References[]

  • Rădvan, Laurențiu (2010). At Europe's Borders: Medieval Towns in the Romanian Principalities. Translated by Valentin Cîrdei. Brill. ISBN 9789004180109.

External links[]

Media related to Câmpulung at Wikimedia Commons

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