Charina

Charina
	Rubber boa, C. bottae
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Order:	Squamata
Suborder:	Serpentes
Family:	Boidae
Subfamily:	Erycinae
Genus:	Charina; Gray, 1849
Synonyms
	Wenona Baird & Girard, 1852; Rhoptrura W. Peters, 1858; Lichanura Cope, 1861; Pseudoeryx Jan, 1862 non Fitzinger, 1826;

Charina is a genus of nonvenomous boas found in North America. Three species are currently recognized.^[2]

Common names: rosy boas, rubber boas.^[2]

Distribution and habitat[]

Found in North America from southwestern Canada south through the western United States into northwestern Mexico.^[1]

Species[]

Species^[2]	Taxon author^[2]	Subsp.*^[2]	Common name^[2]	Geographic range
C. bottae^T	(Blainville, 1835)	0	Northern rubber boa	Southwestern Canada in southeastern British Columbia. The northwestern and western United States in most of Washington, Oregon, Idaho, western Montana and Wyoming, northern and central Utah, and as far south as northern Nevada and Monterey County, California.^[1]^[3]
C. umbratica	Klauber, 1943	0	Southern rubber boa	The United States in southern California (Riverside and San Bernardino Counties).^[3]
C. trivirgata	Cope, 1861	4	Rosy boa	The Southwestern United States, Baja California, and Sonora in Mexico

*) Not including the nominate subspecies.
^T) Type species.^[1]

Taxonomy[]

Sources vary on how many species the genus contains. Some consider the rubber boa, C. bottae, to be the sole member of the genus. In addition, some experts consider the southern rubber boa, C. umbratica to be a subspecies of C. bottae. Although the Calabar python, Calabaria reinhardtii has been included in Charina, recent phylogenetic analyses based on DNA have shown that it does not belong to this genus.^[4]

References[]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T (1999). Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Volume 1. Washington, District of Columbia: Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Charina". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 25 November 2015.
^ ^a ^b Wright AH, Wright AA (1957). Handbook of Snakes of the United States and Canada. 2 volumes. Comstock Publishing Associates, a division of Cornell University Press. (7th printing, 1985). 1,105 pp. ISBN 0-8014-0463-0. (Genus Charina, p. 53).
^ Pyron, R. Alexander; Burbrink, Frank T.; Wiens, John J. (2013). "A phylogeny and revised classification of Squamata, including 4161 species of lizards and snakes". BMC Evolutionary Biology 13: 93.

External links[]

Calabaria reinhardtii at the Reptarium.cz Reptile Database. Accessed 6 July 2007.
Charina bottae at the Reptarium.cz Reptile Database. Accessed 6 July 2007.
Lichanura trivirgata at the Reptarium.cz Reptile Database. Accessed 6 July 2007.
Charina at Life is Short, but Snakes are Long

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[McD99-1] McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T (1999). Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Volume 1. Washington, District of Columbia: Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).

[ITIS-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Charina". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 25 November 2015.

[W&W57-3] Wright AH, Wright AA (1957). Handbook of Snakes of the United States and Canada. 2 volumes. Comstock Publishing Associates, a division of Cornell University Press. (7th printing, 1985). 1,105 pp. ISBN 0-8014-0463-0. (Genus Charina, p. 53).

[4] Pyron, R. Alexander; Burbrink, Frank T.; Wiens, John J. (2013). "A phylogeny and revised classification of Squamata, including 4161 species of lizards and snakes". BMC Evolutionary Biology 13: 93.

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