Monterey County, California

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For the California wine region, see Monterey AVA.

Monterey County, California
County
Monterey County
Monterey Bay Aquarium.jpg
Main Street, Salinas.jpg
Pebble Beach Golf Links, hole 7.jpg
Nuestra Senora del la Soledad chapel.JPG
Big Sur June 2008.jpg
Images, from top down, left to right: Monterey Bay Aquarium, Main Street in Salinas, the seventh hole at Pebble Beach Golf Links, Mission Soledad, Big Sur Coastline
Official seal of Monterey County, California
Seal
Wikimedia | © OpenStreetMap
Interactive map of Monterey County
Location in the state of California
Location in the state of California
CountryUnited States
StateCalifornia
IncorporatedFebruary 18, 1850[1]
Named forMonterey Bay
County seatSalinas
Largest citySalinas
Area
 • Total3,771 sq mi (9,770 km2)
 • Land3,281 sq mi (8,500 km2)
 • Water491 sq mi (1,270 km2)
Highest elevation5,865 ft (1,788 m)
Population
 (April 1, 2010)[3]
 • Total415,057
 • Estimate 
(2019)[4]
434,061
 • Density110/sq mi (42/km2)
Time zoneUTC-8 (Pacific Time Zone)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-7 (Pacific Daylight Time)
Area codes805, 831
Websitewww.co.monterey.ca.us

Monterey County, officially the County of Monterey, is a county located on the Pacific coast of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2010 census, the population was 415,057.[5] The county seat and largest city is Salinas.[6]

Monterey County comprises the Salinas, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area. It borders the Monterey Bay, from which it derives its name. The northern half of the bay is in Santa Cruz County. Monterey County is a member of the regional governmental agency, Association of Monterey Bay Area Governments.

The coastline, including Big Sur, State Route 1, and the 17 Mile Drive on the Monterey Peninsula, has made the county world-famous. The city of Monterey was the capital of California under Spanish and Mexican rule. The economy is primarily based upon tourism in the coastal regions and agriculture in the Salinas River valley. Most of the county's people live near the northern coast and Salinas Valley, while the southern coast and inland mountain regions are sparsely populated.

History[]

Monterey County was one of the original counties of California, created in 1850 at the time of statehood. Parts of the county were given to San Benito County in 1874. The area was originally populated by Ohlone, Salinan and Esselen tribes.

The county derives its name from Monterey Bay. The bay was named by Sebastián Vizcaíno in 1602 in honor of the Conde de Monterrey (or Count of Monterrey), then the Viceroy of New Spain.[7] Monterrey is a variation of Monterrei, a municipality in the Galicia region of Spain where the Conde de Monterrey and his father (the Fourth Count of Monterrei) were from.

Geography[]

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 3,771 square miles (9,770 km2), of which 3,281 square miles (8,500 km2) is land and 491 square miles (1,270 km2) (13%) is water.[8] The county is roughly 1.5 times larger than the state of Delaware, and roughly similar in population and size to Santa Barbara County.

Adjacent counties[]

Monterey
Santa
Cruz
San Benito
Fresno
Kings
Kern
San Luis Obispo
Pacific
Ocean
Monterey
Bay
Counties and bodies of water adjacent to Monterey County, California

National protected areas[]

  • Los Padres National Forest (part)
  • Pinnacles National Park (part)
  • Salinas River National Wildlife Refuge
  • Ventana Wilderness (part)

In October 2019, the Bureau of Land Management ended a five-year moratorium on leasing federal land in California to fossil fuel companies, opening 725,000 acres (1100 sq. miles; 29,000 ha) to drilling in San Benito, Monterey, and Fresno counties.[9]

Marine protected areas[]

Flora and fauna[]

Monterey County has habitat to support the following endangered species:

Demographics[]

Income, education and poverty 2013[]

Median Household Income across the populated northern half of Monterey County, as of 2014.
Percent of affluent households (i.e. $150k annual income or higher) across census tracts in most populated area of the county.[10]

Generally, the western/southern parts of the Monterey Peninsula, Carmel Valley, Creekbridge (Salinas), and eastern parts of Prundale were the county's most affluent and educated (see dark blue on map). These areas had a median household income significantly above that of the California or the U.S. overall (typically above $95,000 vs. $60,000 for California and $52,000 for the U.S.)[11] and comprised roughly 8%-10% of neighborhoods (as defined by Census Block Groups).[12] Educational attainment was at least on part with, or above, state and national levels,[13] in these areas while the percentage of people living in poverty was typically a third or less than national and statewide average (with the exception of South Salinas).[14]

Social deprivation (poverty and low levels of educational attainment) was concentrated in the central and eastern parts of Salinas, and central areas of Monterey, Seaside, Marina, Soledad and King City. In central and eastern Salinas up to 46% of individuals lived below the poverty line and those without a secondary educations formed a plurality or majority of residents.[13][14] Overall, the Salinas metropolitan area, defined as coterminous with Monterey County, was among the least educated urban areas in the nation.

Most affluent neighborhoods[]

Roughly 8% of neighborhoods, as defined by Census Block Groups, had a median household income above $100,000 per year, about 60% above the national median. This coincided with the top 20 census block groups in the county listed below.[11][12]

Most affluent neighborhoods (Median Household Income above $100k/yr.)[12][15]

hideRank neighborhood Census Reference/Geo-Unit Median Household Income
1 Carmel Valley (North-West) Block Group 1, Census Tract 116.02 $152,411
2 Mount Toro Foothills, Salinas Valley Block Group 3, Census Tract 107.01 $143,508
3 Jacks Peak, Monterey Block Group 1, Census Tract 132 $142,143
4 Mount Toro Foothills, Salinas Valley Block Group 2, Census Tract 107.02 $141,364
5 Skyline Forest, Monterey Block Group 3, Census Tract 128 $130,221
6 Yankee Point, Carmel Block Group 3, Census Tract 117 $126,389
7 Carmel Valley (North-West) Block Group 3, Census Tract 116.02 $122,056
8 Carmel Valley (North-West) Block Group 4, Census Tract 116.02 $118,159
9 Carmel Valley (North-West) Block Group 2, Census Tract 110 $118,125
10 Carmel Valley (North-West) Block Group 4, Census Tract 110 $115,667
11 Carmel (East, outside of city limits) Block Group 2, Census Tract 117 $115,357
12 Jacks Peak, Monterey Block Group 2, Census Tract 132 $113,750
13 Skyline Forest, Monterey Block Group 5, Census Tract 128 $111,500
14 City of Carmel (Southern half) Block Group 1, Census Tract 118.02 $110,962
15 Las Palmas, Salinas Valley Block Group 2, Census Tract 107.01 $110,918
16 Pebble Beach, Monterey Peninsula Country Club Block Group 4, Census Tract 119 $107,500
17 Mount Toro Foothills, Salinas Valley Block Group 1, Census Tract 107.02 $105,511
18 Carmel Valley (North-West) Block Group 1, Census Tract 116.04 $104,902
19 City of Carmel (Northern half) Block Group 2, Census Tract 118.01 $101,984
20 Creekbridge (incl. Falcon Meadows), Salinas Block Group 2, Census Tract 106.03 $100,673
141* United States N/A $53,046
104* California N/A $61,094
154* City of Salinas N/A $49,264

* Asterisk denotes a hypothetical rank among Monterey County's 226 Census Block Groups (e.g. if the U.S. overall was a Census Block Group in Monterey County, it would be the 141st most affluent of 226).

Least affluent neighborhoods[]

About 4.5% of neighborhoods, as defined by Census Block Groups, had a median household income below $30,000 per year, about 60% below the national median. This coincided with the 10 poorest of the 20 lowest income neighborhoods listed in the table below.[11][12]

Least affluent neighborhoods (Median Household Income of $34.1k or less)[12][15]

hideRank neighborhood Census Reference/Geo-Unit Median Household Income
1 Downtown Salinas Block Group 1, Census Tract 13 $21,411
2 Central Seaside Block Group 3, Census Tract 137 $22,994
3 East Salinas (Del Monte Ave.) Block Group 1, Census Tract 7.01 $23,250
4 Downtown Monterey Block Group 1, Census Tract 127 $24,911
5 Central Marina (Del Monte Blvd.) Block Group 3, Census Tract 142.01 $25,464
6 Hebbron Heights, East Salinas Block Group 2, Census Tract 5.01 $26,211
7 East Salinas (Del Monte Ave.) Block Group 3, Census Tract 7.01 $26,771
8 East Salinas (Del Monte Ave.) Block Group 2, Census Tract 7.02 $26,875
9 Hebbron Heights, East Salinas Block Group 1, Census Tract 5.01 $28,750
10 Downtown Monterey Block Group 2, Census Tract 127 $29,070
11 West Santa Rita, Salinas Block Group 1, Census Tract 105.06 $30,250
12 North-Central Salinas/Chinatown Block Group 2, Census Tract 18.02 $30,625
13 Central King City Block Group 2, Census Tract 113.02 $31,579
14 Central King City Block Group 1, Census Tract 113.02 $33,043
15 Central Soledad Block Group 3, Census Tract 111.01 $33,110
16 East Seaside Block Group 1, Census Tract 135 $33,242
17 East Salinas (Del Monte Ave.) Block Group 3, Census Tract 7.02 $33,244
18 East Soledad Block Group 1, Census Tract 111.02 $33,616
19 East Salinas Block Group 3, Census Tract 8 $33,938
20 North Salinas (E. Bernal Drive./Natividad Rd.) Block Group 3, Census Tract 4 $34,057
86* United States N/A $53,046
118* California N/A $61,094
73* City of Salinas N/A $49,264

* Asterisk denotes a hypothetical rank among Monterey County's 226 Census Block Groups (e.g. if the U.S. overall was a Census Block Group in Monterey County, it would be the 86th poorest of 226).

2011[]

Thematic map showing percentage of households speaking only English at home.

Places by population, race, and income[]

2010[]

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
18501,872—
18604,739153.2%
18709,876108.4%
188011,30214.4%
189018,63764.9%
190019,3804.0%
191024,14624.6%
192027,98015.9%
193053,70591.9%
194073,03236.0%
1950130,49878.7%
1960198,35152.0%
1970250,07126.1%
1980290,44416.1%
1990355,66022.5%
2000401,76213.0%
2010415,0573.3%
2019 (est.)434,061[4]4.6%
U.S. Decennial Census[23]
1790–1960[24] 1900–1990[25]
1990–2000[26] 2010–2015[5]

The 2010 United States Census reported that Monterey County had a population of 415,057. The racial makeup of Monterey County was 230,717 (55.6%) White, 12,785 (3.1%) African American, 5,464 (1.3%) Native American, 25,258 (6.1%) Asian (2.8% Filipino, 0.7% Korean, 0.6% Chinese, 0.6% Japanese, 0.4% Vietnamese, 0.4% Indian), 2,071 (0.5%) Pacific Islander, 117,405 (28.3%) from other races, and 21,357 (5.1%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 230,003 persons (55.4%); 50.2% of Monterey County is Mexican, 0.8% Salvadoran, and 0.5% Puerto Rican.[27]

2000[]

As of the census[28] of 2000, there were 401,762 people, 121,236 households, and 87,896 families residing in the county. The population density was 121 people per square mile (47/km2). There were 131,708 housing units at an average density of 40 per square mile (15/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 55.9% White, 3.8% Black or African American, 1.1% Native American, 6.0% Asian, 0.5% Pacific Islander, 27.8% from other races, and 5.0% from two or more races. 46.79% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 6.3% were of German and 5.4% English ancestry according to Census 2000. 52.9% spoke English, 39.6% Spanish and 1.6% Tagalog as their first language.

There were 121,236 households, out of which 39.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.0% were married couples living together, 11.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.5% were non-families. 21.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.14 and the average family size was 3.65.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 28.4% under the age of 18, 10.9% from 18 to 24, 31.4% from 25 to 44, 19.3% from 45 to 64, and 10.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 female residents there were 107.3 male residents. For every 100 female residents age 18 and over, there were 107.7 male residents.

The median income for a household in the county was $48,305, and the median income for a family was $51,169. Men had a median income of $38,444 versus $30,036 for women. The per capita income for the county was $20,165. About 9.7% of families and 13.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.4% of those under age 18 and 6.8% of those age 65 or over.

Government[]

At the local level, Monterey County is governed by the Monterey County Board of Supervisors. Like all governing bodies in California, the Monterey County Board of Supervisors is empowered with both legislative and executive authority over the entirety of Monterey County and is the primary governing body for all unincorporated areas within the County boundaries. The Board has five elected members, each of whom represents one of five districts. Taken together, the five districts comprise the entirety of the county.[29]

Current board members:

  • Luis Alejo - 1st District
  • John Phillips - 2nd District
  • Chris Lopez - 3rd District
  • Wendy Root Askew - 4th District (current board chair)
  • Mary Adams - 5th District

The Board conducts its meetings in the county seat, Salinas, and is a member of the regional governmental agency, the Association of Monterey Bay Area Governments.[30][31]

Supervisorial Districts[]

Supervisorial district boundaries are divided roughly equally according to population, using data from the most recent census.[32] In addition, any redistricting changes must comply with both California law as well as the federal Voting Rights Act.[32] Boundaries are adjusted decennially based on data reported by the United States Census Bureau for the most recent census.[32] The next supervisorial election will be held on March 8, 2022.[33]

District 1[]

The 1st District is geographically the smallest supervisorial district in Monterey County and is entirely within the city limits of the city of Salinas.[29][34]

Luis Alejo represents the 1st District on the Board of Supervisors.[35] His current term expires in December 2020.[36]

District 2[]

As the northernmost supervisorial district in Monterey County, the 2nd District includes the communities of Boronda, Castroville, Las Lomas, Moss Landing, Pajaro, Prunedale, , the northern neighborhoods of the city of Salinas, and those portions of the community of Aromas that are located within Monterey County.[29][37]

John Phillips is currently the Supervisor for the 2nd District.[38] His current term expires in December 2022.[36]

District 3[]

The 3rd District covers the majority of the Salinas Valley and southern Monterey County, extending to its border with San Luis Obispo County. The district includes the unincorporated communities of Spreckels, Chualar, and Jolon; the eastern portion of the city of Salinas; the cities of Gonzales, Greenfield, Soledad, and King City; the military installations at Fort Hunter Liggett and Camp Roberts; and portions of the Los Padres National Forest.[29][39]

The 3rd District is represented by Chris Lopez.[40] His current term expires in December 2022.[36]

District 4[]

The 4th District includes the southwest portion of the city of Salinas, the cities of Del Rey Oaks, Marina, Seaside, Sand City, and the former military installation at Fort Ord.[29][41]

Wendy Root Askew currently holds the seat for 4th District Supervisor.[42] Her current term expires in December 2020.[36]

District 5[]

The 5th District is geographically the largest of the five supervisorial districts, and covers most of the Monterey Peninsula and southern coastline of Monterey County down to the southern county border with San Luis Obispo County. The 5th District includes the cities of Carmel-by-the-Sea, Monterey, and Pacific Grove; the unincorporated communities of Carmel Valley, Big Sur, Pebble Beach, San Benancio, Corral de Tierra, and Jamesburg; military installations at the Presidio of Monterey, the Defense Language Institute, and the Naval Postgraduate School; and the Ventana Wilderness area of the Los Padres National Forest.[29][43][44]

is currently the 5th District Supervisor.[29] Her current term expires in December 2020.[36]

State and federal Representatives[]

In the United States House of Representatives, Monterey County is part of California's 20th congressional district, represented by Democrat Jimmy Panetta.[45]

In the California State Assembly, Monterey County is split between the 29th Assembly District, represented by Democrat Mark Stone, and the 30th Assembly District, represented by Democrat Robert Rivas.[46]

In the California State Senate, Monterey County is split between the 12th Senate District, represented by Democrat Anna Caballero, and the 17th Senate District, represented by Democrat John Laird.[47]

Policing[]

The Monterey County Sheriff provides court protection, jail management, and coroner service for the entire county. It provides patrol and detective services for the unincorporated areas of the county. Incorporated municipalities within the county that have their own municipal police departments are: Monterey, Pacific Grove, Salinas, Castroville, King City, Marina, Seaside, Sand City, and Gonzales.

Politics[]

Voter registration[]

Cities by population and voter registration[]

Overview[]

For most of the 20th century, Monterey County was a Republican stronghold in presidential elections. From 1900 until 1992, the only Democrats to carry the county were Woodrow Wilson, Franklin Roosevelt, and Lyndon Johnson. Since 1992, the county has become a Democratic stronghold in Presidential and congressional elections, with George H.W. Bush in 1988 being the last Republican to win Monterey County.

Presidential elections results

According to the California Secretary of State, as of April 2008, Monterey County has 147,066 registered voters.[citation needed] Of those voters, 72,550 (49.3%) are registered Democratic, 42,744 (29.1%) are registered Republican, 5,488 (3.7%) are registered with other political parties, and 26,284 (17.9%) declined to state a political party. Except for Sand City, all of the other cities, towns, and the unincorporated area of Monterey County have more individuals registered with the Democratic Party than the Republican Party. In Sand City, the Republicans have the advantage by 1 voter.

In August 2018, it adopted a flag designed by a Nob Hill resident.[50]

Crime[]

The following table includes the number of incidents reported and the rate per 1,000 persons for each type of offense.

Cities by population and crime rates[]

Media[]

See also: Media in Monterey County

Television service for the community comes from the Monterey-Salinas-Santa Cruz designated market area (DMA). Radio stations Monterey-Salinas-Santa Cruz area of dominant influence (ADI) or continuous measurement market (CMM). Local newspapers include the Monterey County Herald, Monterey County Weekly, Salinas Californian and the Carmel Pine Cone.

Home prices[]

As of December 2005, Monterey County ranked among America's ten most expensive counties, with Santa Barbara County topping the list with a median home price of $753,790. In Monterey County, the median home price was $699,900. In the northern, more densely populated part in the county, the median home price was even higher, at $712,500, making it the fourth most expensive housing market in California. The disparity between the median household income of roughly $48,305 and the median home price of $700k has been cause for recent concern over excluding potential home buyers from the market. The end of the United States housing bubble has caused prices to drop substantially, with median home prices having fallen to $280,000 as at September 2008.[54]

Transportation[]

Major highways[]

Public transportation[]

Monterey County is served by Amtrak trains and Greyhound Lines buses. Monterey-Salinas Transit provides transit service throughout most of Monterey County, with buses to Big Sur and King City as well as in Monterey, Salinas and Carmel. MST also runs service to San Jose, California in Santa Clara County

Airports[]

  • Monterey Regional Airport is located just east of the city of Monterey, California. Commercial flights are available.
  • Marina Municipal Airport is located in the city of Marina, California.
  • Salinas Municipal Airport is located in the city of Salinas, California.

Communities[]

Cities[]

  • Carmel-by-the-Sea
  • Del Rey Oaks
  • Gonzales
  • Greenfield
  • King City
  • Marina
  • Monterey
  • Pacific Grove
  • Salinas (county seat)
  • Sand City
  • Seaside
  • Soledad

Census-designated places[]

Unincorporated communities[]

Other places[]

  • Big Sur
  • Laguna Seca Ranch
  • Fort Ord decommissioned in the 1990s, some of it was converted to California State University, Monterey Bay
  • Naval Postgraduate School
  • Fort Hunter Liggett
  • Presidio of Monterey, home to the Defense Language Institute and one of three presidios in California
  • Jacks Peak Park, including the highest point on the Monterey Peninsula

Population ranking[]

The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2010 census of Monterey County.[55]

† county seat

Rank City/Town/etc. Municipal type Population (2010 Census)
1 † Salinas City 150,441
2 Seaside City 33,025
3 Monterey City 27,810
4 Soledad City 25,738
5 Marina City 19,718
6 Prunedale CDP 17,560
7 Greenfield City 16,330
8 Pacific Grove City 15,041
9 King City City 12,874
10 Gonzales City 8,187
11 Castroville CDP 6,481
12 Del Monte Forest CDP 4,514
13 Carmel Valley Village CDP 4,407
14 Carmel-by-the-Sea City 3,722
15 Pajaro CDP 3,070
16 Las Lomas CDP 3,024
17 Aromas (partially in San Benito County) CDP 2,650
18 Pine Canyon CDP 1,822
19 Boronda CDP 1,710
20 Del Rey Oaks City 1,624
21 Elkhorn CDP 1,565
22 Chualar CDP 1,190
23 Spreckels CDP 673
24 San Ardo CDP 517
25 Lockwood CDP 379
26 Sand City City 334
27 San Lucas CDP 269
28 Moss Landing CDP 204
29 Bradley CDP 93

Gallery[]

  • Big Sur - Midcounty coastline with the McWay Rocks in foreground

  • California State University at Monterey Bay

  • Carmel-by-the-Sea - Beach scene

  • Carmel-by-the-Sea - Golden Bough Playhouse

  • Carmel-by-the-Sea - Forest Theater

  • Castroville - Main entrance to the city

  • Gonzales - Water tower

  • Gorda, California - A view of the Pacific Ocean

  • Marina neighborhood

  • Main Street - Salinas

  • Monterey - Monterey Bay Aquarium

  • Monterey - Cannery Row

  • Monterey - Fisherman's Wharf

  • Monterey - Commercial Wharf

  • Hat in three stages of landing by Claes Oldemburg - Salinas

  • Monterey - Beachside recreational trail

  • Monterey - Scuba diving lessons in Monterey Bay

  • Monterey - Fremont Peak, viewed from the Monterey Bay Aquarium

  • Monterey County - Strawberry fields in rural area

  • Lapis Road looking south

  • Junipero Serra Peak, highest point in the county

  • Salinas - John Steinbeck's former home

  • Marina Sunset

  • Monterey - Colton Hall

  • Salinas - Newer Spanish-Revival style house in Harden Ranch

  • Salinas - An average 1,400 sq ft (130 m2) home in North Salinas

  • Salinas - Residential neighborhood at Harden Ranch, Salinas

  • Salinas - Downtown

  • Salinas - National Steinbeck Center

  • Agricultural fields in the Salinas Valley

  • Steinbeck House - Salinas

  • Soledad - Mission Nuestra Senora de la Soledad

See also[]

Notes[]

  1. ^ Other = Some other race + Two or more races
  2. ^ Native American = Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander + American Indian or Alaska Native
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b Percentage of registered voters with respect to total population. Percentages of party members with respect to registered voters follow.

References[]

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External links[]

Coordinates: 36°14′N 121°19′W / 36.24°N 121.31°W / 36.24; -121.31

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