Christian Democratic Party (Portugal)

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Christian Democratic Party
Partido da Democracia Cristã
LeaderMajor José Sanches Osório
Founded13 February 1975 (1975-02-13)
Dissolved20 August 2004 (2004-08-20)
NewspaperPresença Democrática
IdeologyNational conservatism
Christian democracy[1]
Political positionRight-wing

The Christian Democratic Party (in Portuguese: Partido da Democracia Cristã, PDC) was a political party in Portugal officially founded on 13 February 1975 and extinguished on 20 August 2004.[2] The party never made it to parliament.[1] The weekly publication Presença Democrática (Democratic Presence) was published by the party.[2]

History[]

After Pope Leo XIII's encyclical Rerum Novarum, Europe saw the emergence of many christian political parties.[1] The PDC is founded on 10 May 1974, from a schism within the Christian Social-Democratic Party,[1] a party founded on 5 May 1974.[3] The PDC's aim, according its leader Nuno Calvet, was to unite both liberal and conservative christian democrats, in anti-salazarist tradition.[4] In September 1974, major José Sanches Osório, one of the leading figures of the Carnation Revolution and member of the , is invited to become the party's general secretary.[4] The first congress of the party is held on the 1st and 2nd of February 1975 in Figueira da Foz.[5]

Osório meets, on 12 February 1975, with the leaders of the European Union of Christian Democrats and gains observer membership status.[4] On the same date, the party submits 8.500 signatures to the Constitutional Court, aiming to be legally recognized in time to participate in the 1975 legislative election.[4] The party is officially recognized on 13 February 1975.[2] Soon after it becomes a legal party, the PDC merges with the People's Christian Democratic Party, led by Nuno Calvet Magalhães.[1]

In 1975, CDS and PDC form a coalition named the Center and Christian Democracy Union (União do Centro e Democracia Cristã).[4][3] Osório also signs the "MFA/parties agreement", against the will of many of the party's militants, who rejected any agreement with the communist faction of the military.[4]

Osório joins the António de Spínola faction and participates in the 11 of March 1975 failed counter-coup, after which Osório flees to Spain.[4] The party was suspended from participating in the 1975 Portuguese legislative election, due to its "disturbing and undemocratic actions" during the counter-coup.[6][4][1] The Center and Christian Democracy Union coalition with CDS was also dissolved.[6] The PDC returns to legality after the coup of 25 November 1975.[7]

During the elections of 1976, PDC runs alone, as CDS refuses to form a coalition.[7]

During the spring of 1979, the PDC experiences internal contentions, as Osório competes against Pinheiro de Azevedo for the leadership of the party, but in June 1979, Osório leaves the PDC for CDS.[7] Indeed, the infighting and the creation of the Democratic Alliance, which did not include the PDC, led 84 of the 137 members to leave the PDC and join CDS.[3] A number of independent right-wing candidates join PDC for the 1979 Portuguese legislative election, and the party improves its electoral performance.[7]

In 1980, before the 1980 Portuguese legislative election, the party tried to join the Democratic Alliance coalition, but was rejected.[7] It instead joined a coalition with Independent Movement for National Reconciliation[1] and the Frente Nacional (National Front), but failed to achieve its objective of surpassing the 1979 results and winning parliamentary seats.[7] Of the three members of the coalition, PDC was the last one to be extinguished (FN was extinguished in that same year, MIRN in 1984, PDC only in 2004), but without ever achieving electoral significance.[7]

The party became inactive starting with the 1991 legislative elections.[1] The party was extinguished in 2004, after failing to present financial information on three consecutive years (1998-2000).[8]

Election Results[]

Assembly of the Republic[]

Election Assembly of the Republic Government Size
Votes % Seats won
1976 29,874 0.54%
0 / 263
 No seats 9th
1979 72,514 1.21%
0 / 250
 No seats 5th
1980

PDC-MIRN-FN coalition

23,819 0.40%
0 / 250
 No seats 9th
1983 39,180 0.69%
0 / 250
 No seats 5th
1985 41,831 0.72%
0 / 250
 No seats 7th
1987 31,667 0.56%
0 / 250
 No seats 9th

European Parliament[]

Election European Parliament Size
Votes % Seats won
1987 40,812 0.72%
0 / 24
 8th
1989 29,745 0.72%
0 / 24
 9th

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h "Partido da Democracia Cristã". Porto Editora.
  2. ^ a b c "Partido da Democracia Cristã | Comissão Nacional de Eleições". www.cne.pt (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 2020-08-26.
  3. ^ a b c Robinson, Richard A. H. (1996). "Do CDS ao CDS-PP: o Partido do Centro Democrático Social e o seu papel na política portuguesa". Análise Social. 31 (138): 951–973. ISSN 0003-2573.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h Marchi, Riccardo (2012-09-01). "As direitas radicais na transição democrática portuguesa (1974-1976)". Ler História (in Portuguese) (63): 75–91. doi:10.4000/lerhistoria.366. ISSN 0870-6182.
  5. ^ Partido da Democracia Cristã (1975). Presença Democrática.
  6. ^ a b "Decreto 137-E/75, 1975-03-17". Diário da República Eletrónico (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2020-08-26.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g Marchi, Riccardo (2012). "A extrema-direita portuguesa na "Rua": da transição à democracia (1976-1980)". Locus: Revista de História.
  8. ^ "Acórdão 529/2004/T. Const, 2004-08-20". Diário da República Eletrónico (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2020-08-26.
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