Ciona robusta

Ciona robusta
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Subphylum:	Tunicata
Class:	Ascidiacea
Order:	Enterogona
Family:	Cionidae
Genus:	Ciona
Species:	C. robusta
Binomial name
	Ciona robusta; Hoshino & Tokioka, 1967

Ciona robusta is a species of marine invertebrate in the genus Ciona of the family Cionidae. The holotype was collected on the northeastern coast of Honshu Island, Japan.^[1] Populations of Ciona intestinalis known as Ciona intestinalis type A found in the Mediterranean Sea, the Pacific Ocean, east coast of North America, and the Atlantic coasts of South Africa have been shown to be Ciona robusta.^[2]

Ciona robusta is a delineation of C. Intestinalis. In the early 2000s, molecular research concluded that C. intestinalis was composed of four distinct lineages named type A, B, C and D. Conia intestinalis type A was later reclassified as C. robusta. It was not until 2015 that the four different classifications of C. intestinalis were accepted into the scientific community, and thus reported on.^[3]

References[]

^ "Ciona robusta Hoshino & Tokioka, 1967". WoRMS. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
^ Brunetti, Riccardo; Gissi C; Pennati R; Caicci F; Gasparini F; Manni L (2015). "Morphological evidence that the molecularly determined Ciona intestinalis type A and type B are different species: Ciona robusta and Ciona intestinalis". Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. 53 (3): 186–193. doi:10.1111/jzs.12101.
^ Malfant, Marine; Darras, Sebastien; Viard, Viard (24 January 2018). "Coupling molecular data and experimental crosses sheds light about species delineation: a case study with the genus Ciona". Scientific Reports. 8 (1): 1480. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-19811-2. PMC 5784138. PMID 29367599.

External links[]

Cione robuste: Ciona robusta - Hoshino & Tokioka, 1967, [fr]
ANISEED, the Tunicate model organism database
Ghost: genomic and cDNA resources from Kyoto University

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[worms-1] "Ciona robusta Hoshino & Tokioka, 1967". WoRMS. Retrieved 12 March 2018.

[2] Brunetti, Riccardo; Gissi C; Pennati R; Caicci F; Gasparini F; Manni L (2015). "Morphological evidence that the molecularly determined Ciona intestinalis type A and type B are different species: Ciona robusta and Ciona intestinalis". Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. 53 (3): 186–193. doi:10.1111/jzs.12101.

[Malfant-3] Malfant, Marine; Darras, Sebastien; Viard, Viard (24 January 2018). "Coupling molecular data and experimental crosses sheds light about species delineation: a case study with the genus Ciona". Scientific Reports. 8 (1): 1480. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-19811-2. PMC 5784138. PMID 29367599.

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