Cryptinae

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Cryptinae
Наездник-ихневмонид - Ichneumon wasp - Schlupfwespen Acroricnus sp. (24092623509).jpg
Acroricnus sp.
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hymenoptera
Family: Ichneumonidae
Subfamily: Cryptinae
Kirby, 1837
Tribes

Aptesini

Synonyms
  • Gelinae Viereck, 1918 (in part)
  • Hemitelinae Förster, 1869 (in part)
  • Phygadeuontinae Förster, 1868 (in part)

Cryptinae is a subfamily of wasps in the family Ichneumonidae. The family has also been called Gelinae, Hemitelinae, and Phygadeuontinae by various authorities,[1] though the Phygadeuontinae have since been elevated to a separate subfamily.[2]

Description[]

Species are distributed worldwide. A 5-sided , a short , and a puffy face with a convex clypeus are diagnostic characters for most members of this large subfamily.[3]

Taxonomy[]

Gelinae was the name used by H. K. Townes in 1969.[4] Fitton and Gauld's review of ichneumonid families synonymized Gelinae under Hemitelinae in 1976[5] and later as Phygadeuontinae in 1978.[1] However, due to the decision of International Code of Zoological Nomenclature's Opinion 1715 in 1994 to conserve the status of the genus Cryptus Fabricius, 1804, both Gelinae and Phygadeuontinae became junior synonyms for Cryptinae.[6][2] Santos later restricted the family in 2017 to only include the tribes Aptesini and Cryptini, forming the separate families and Phygadeuontinae for the remaining tribes of (1 genus) and Phygadeuontini (123 genera), respectively.[2]

There are about 273 genera in Cryptinae between the tribes of Aptesini and Cryptini.[7][8]

Classification[]

The following classification of Phygadeuontini is based on Wahl (2014):[8]

Tribe Cryptini[]

Agrothereutes abbreviatus, female
  • Subtribe Agrothereutina
    • Agrothereutes Förster, 1850 — Holarctic
    • Ashmead, 1905 — Oriental
    • Apsilops Förster, 1869 — Holarctic
    • Förster, 1869 — Holarctic
    • Gambrus Förster, 1869 — Holarctic
    • Förster, 1869 — Holarctic
    • Förster, 1869 — Holarctic
    • Viereck, 1914 — Palearctic
    • Aubert, 1971 — Palearctic
    • Thomson, 1873 — Holarctic
    • Townes, 1965 — Palearctic
    • Förster, 1869 — Holarctic, Oriental
  • Subtribe
    • Förster, 1869 — worldwide
    • Kasparyan & Hernandez, 2001 — Neotropical
  • Subtribe
    • Gravenhorst, 1829 — Nearctic, Neotropical
    • Pagliano & Scarramozino, 1990 — Oriental, Palearctic
    • Cheesman, 1941 — Oriental
    • Townes, 1965 — Palearctic
    • Cushman, 1922 — Australian
    • Cameron, 1903 — Oriental, Palearctic
    • Coccygodes Saussure, 1892 — Ethiopian
    • Gupta, 1987 — Oriental
    • Viereck, 1913 — Neotropical
    • Uchida, 1936 — Palearctic
    • Townes, 1970a — Oriental
    • Cameron, 1903 — Nearctic, Neotropical
  • Subtribe
    • Townes, 1961b — Oriental
    • Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
    • Townes, 1961b — Australian
    • Cameron, 1903 — Ethiopian, Oriental
    • Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
    • Townes, 1962 — Nearctic, Neotropical
    • Ozdikmen, 2005 — Oriental
    • Cushman, 1945 — Australian, Oriental
    • Wang, 2001 — Oriental
    • Seyrig, 1952 �� Ethiopian, Oriental
    • Townes, 1970a — Oriental
    • Cheesman, 1936 — Oriental
    • Gupta, 1999 — Oriental
    • Gauld, 1984 — Australian
    • Roman, 1910 — Ethiopian, Oriental
    • Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
    • Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
    • Cameron, 1903 — Oriental
    • Townes, 1961b — Australian, Oriental
    • Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
    • Wuda Cheesman, 1936 — Oriental
  • Subtribe
    • Cameron, 1905 — Oriental
  • Subtribe
, female
    • Porter, 1987 — Neotropical
    • Porter, 1985 — Neotropical
    • Porter, 1987 — Neotropical
    • Porter, 1967 — Australian, Neotropical
    • Porter, 1987 — Neotropical
    • Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
    • Cameron, 1903 — Holarctic, Oriental
    • Uchida, 1936 — Oriental, Palearctic
    • Thomson, 1873 — Holarctic
    • Porter, 1967 — Neotropical
    • Townes, 1962 — Nearctic, Neotropical
    • Porter, 1987 — Neotropical
    • Ashmead, 1900 — Neotropical
    • Compsocryptus Ashmead, 1900 — Nearctic, Neotropical
    • Cameron, 1902 — Neotropical (Porter, 1987)
    • Ashmead, 1900 — Neotropical
    • Cryptus Fabricius, 1804 — Ethiopian, Holarctic, Oriental
    • Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
    • Townes, 1973 — Ethiopian
    • Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
    • Townes, 1970a — Oriental, Palearctic
    • Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
    • Townes, 1966 — Neotropical
    • Porter, 1967 — Neotropical (Porter, 1987)
    • Brèthes, (1918) 1919 — Neotropical
    • Townes, 1970a — Palearctic
    • Cameron, 1903 — Oriental
    • Townes, 1973 — Ethiopian
    • Townes, 1970a — Australian, Oriental, Palearctic
    • Townes, 1970a — Oriental, Palearctic
    • Cameron, 1903 — Oriental, Palearctic
    • Porter, 1987 — Neotropical
    • Ischnus Gravenhorst, 1829 — worldwide
    • Porter, 1987 — Neotropical
    • Cresson, 1872 — Nearctic, Neotropical
    • Lanugo Townes, 1962 — Nearctic, Neotropical
    • Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
    • Meringopus Förster, 1869 — Holarctic
    • Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
    • Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
    • Porter, 1987 — Neotropical
    • Uchida, 1936 — Australian, Oriental, Palearctic
    • Gauld, 1984 — Australian
    • Porter, 1967 — Neotropical
    • Blanchard, 1947 — Neotropical (Porter, 1987)
    • Uchida, 1940 — Oriental
    • Uchida, 1936 — Oriental, Palearctic
    • Porter, 1967 — Neotropical (Porter, 1987)
    • Saussure, 1892 — Ethiopian
    • Porter, 1987 — Neotropica
    • Cameron, 1908 — Oriental, Palearctic
    • Porter, 1967 — Neotropical (Porter, 1987)
    • Porter, 1987 — Neotropical
    • Porter, 1965 — Neotropical
    • Townes, 1962 — Nearctic
    • Cameron, 1905 — Ethiopian (Townes & Townes, 1973)
    • Porter, 1987 — Neotropical
    • Schmiedeknecht, 1904 — Ethiopian, Palearctic
    • Haliday, 1836 — Neotropical
    • Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
    • Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
    • Porter, 1967 — Neotropical (Porter, 1987)
    • Porter, 1987 — Neotropical
    • Förster, 1869 — Holarctic
    • Gauld, 1984 — Australian
    • Ashmead, 1900 — Ethiopian
  • Subtribe
Xanthocryptus novozealandicus, female
    • Cushman, 1929 — Nearctic, Neotropical
    • Ahilya Gupta & Gupta, 1985 — Oriental
    • Gupta & Jonathan, 1970 — Oriental
    • Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
    • Uchida, 1932 — Oriental
    • Townes, 1970a — Australian, Oriental
    • Townes, 1966 — Neotropical
    • Cushman, 1919 — Nearctic
    • Cameron, 1903 — Oriental
    • Viereck, 1913 — Neotropical
    • Cameron, 1901 — Australian, Ethiopian, Oriental
    • Fenixia Aguiar, 2005 — Neotropical
    • Kasparyan & Ruiz, 2007 — Neotropical
    • Kriechbaumer, 1895 — Ethiopian
    • Townes, 1970a — Ethiopian
    • Gauld, 1984 — Australian
    • Cameron, 1903 — Oriental
    • Koçak, 2009 — Oriental
    • Ashmead, 1905 — Oriental (Gupta, 1987)
    • Gupta & Gupta, 1984 — Neotropical
    • Gauld, 1984 — Australian
    • Szépligeti, 1916 — Oriental
    • Ashmead, 1906 — Neotropical
    • Cameron, 1905 — Oriental
    • Porter, 1976 — Neotropical
    • Szépligeti, 1916 — Ethiopian, Palearctic
    • Schreiner, 1905 — Ethiopian, Oriental, Palearctic
    • Townes, 1970a — Ethiopian
    • Gupta & Jonathan, 1971 — Oriental
    • Cameron, 1902 — Oriental
    • Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
    • Cameron, 1901 — Australian, Oriental
    • Cameron, 1907 — Oriental
  • Subtribe
    • Szépligeti, 1916 — Neotropical
    • Cameron, 1902 — Neotropical
    • Schmiedeknecht, 1904 — Neotropical
  • Subtribe
    • Cameron, 1905 — Australian, Ethiopian, Oriental (Townes, 1971)
    • Townes, 1961b — Neotropical, Oriental
    • Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
    • Cameron, 1902 — Ethiopian, Oriental (Gupta, 1987)
    • Habermehl, 1902
    • Uchida, 1931 (Gauld, 1984 — Gupta, 1987)
    • Seyrig, 1952 (Townes & Townes, 1973)
    • Seyrig, 1952
    • Townes, 1970a — Oriental
    • Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
    • Townes, 1970a — Oriental
    • Townes, 1970a — Ethiopian
    • Townes, 1966 — Neotropical
    • Viereck, 1913 — Nearctic, Neotropical
    • Townes, 1961b — Australian, Oriental
    • Uchida, 1931 (Jonathan, 1980) — Oriental
    • Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian, Oriental (Jonathan, 1980)
    • Cameron, 1902 — Oriental
    • Betrem, 1941 — Australian, Ethiopian, Oriental (Jonathan, 1980)
    • Holmgren, 1868 — Australian, Ethiopian, Oriental
    • Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
    • Habermehl, 1902 — Ethiopian
    • Townes, 1970a — Holarctic, Neotropical
    • Förster, 1869 — Oriental, Ethiopian
    • Cameron, 1904 — Ethiopian
    • Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
    • Tschek, 1870 — Australian, Ethiopian, Holarctic, Oriental
    • Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
    • Madagascesa Kocak & Kemal, 2008 - formerly Perinetia Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
    • Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
    • Cameron, 1902 — Oriental
    • Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian, Oriental
    • Cheesman, 1936 — Australian, Ethiopian, Oriental, Palearctic
    • Rao & Nikam, 1984 — Oriental
    • Owenus Townes, 1970a — Ethiopian
    • Jonathan & Gupta, 1973 — Oriental
    • Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
    • Jonathan, 1987 — Oriental
    • Cameron, 1901 — Ethiopian, Oriental (Jonathan & Gupta, 1973)
    • Gauld, 1984 — Australian
    • Townes, 1970a — Ethiopian
    • Tolonus Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
    • Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
    • Townes, 1970a — Ethiopian
    • Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
  • Subtribe
Lymeon orbus, female
    • Cushman, 1929 — Nearctic, Neotropical
    • Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
    • Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
    • Strand, 1917 — Neotropical
    • Townes, 1966 — Neotropical
    • Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
    • Townes, 1966 — Neotropical
    • Lymeon Förster, 1869 — Nearctic, Neotropical
    • Viereck, 1912 — Nearctic, Neotropical
    • Strand, 1917 — Nearctic, Neotropical
    • Tedesco & Aguiar, 2009 — Neotropic
    • Viereck, 1913 — Nearctic, Neotropical
    • Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
    • Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
    • Townes, 1966 — Neotropical
    • Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
    • Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
    • Townes, 1946 — Neotropical
  • Subtribe
    • Cameron, 1902 — Neotropical
  • Subtribe
, female
    • Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
    • Jonathan, 1982 — Oriental
    • Townes, 1966 — Neotropical
    • Brullé, 1846 — Nearctic, Neotropical
    • Cheesman, 1936 — Australian, Oriental
    • Cameron, 1902 — Ethiopian, Oriental
    • Townes, 1970a — Oriental
    • Harpura Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
    • Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
    • Cameron, 1906 — Australian, Oriental
    • Gauld, 1984 — Australian
    • Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
    • Mesostenus Gravenhorst, 1829 — worldwide
    • Gauld, 1984 — Australian
    • Polycyrtus Spinola, 1840 — Nearctic, Neotropical
    • Cameron, 1911 — Australian, Oriental
    • Gauld, 1984 — Australian
    • Porter, 1973 — Neotropical
  • Subtribe
    • Acroricnus Ratzeburg, 1852 — Holarctic
    • Cheesman, 1936 — Australian, Oriental
    • Cushman, 1929 — Nearctic, Neotropical
    • Gravenhorst, 1829 — Oriental, Palearctic
    • Spinola, 1841 — Ethiopian
    • Viereck, 1913 — Neotropical
    • Morley, 1914;
    • Lichtenstein, 1920 — Ethiopian, Oriental, Palearctic
    • Seyrig, 1952 — Ethiopian
    • Szépligeti, 1916 — Australian, Ethiopian, Oriental
  • Subtribe
    • Cameron, 1900 — Australian, Oriental, Palearctic
    • Latibulus Gistel, 1848 — Oriental, Palearctic
    • Sphecophaga Westwood, 1840 — Holarctic
  • Subtribe
    • Townes, 1970a — Oriental
    • Cameron, 1901 — Oriental

Tribe Aptesini[]

, female
  • Cameron, 1904 — Palearctic, Oriental
  • Aptesis Förster, 1850 — Ethiopian, Holarctic, Oriental
  • Förster, 1869 — Palearctic
  • Cratocryptus Thomson, 1873 — Holarctic
  • Cubocephalus Ratzeburg, 1848 — Holarctic
  • Förster, 1869 — Holarctic, Oriental
  • Echthrus Gravenhorst, 1829 — Holarctic
  • Giraudia Förster, 1869 — Holarctic
  • Brullé, 1846 — Oriental
  • Cameron, 1903 — Holarctic, Oriental
  • Brauns, 1905 — Palearctic
  • Momoi, 1965 — Oriental, Palearctic
  • Wang & Yao, 1994 — Oriental
  • Tosquinet, 1896 — Ethiopian, Oriental
  • Megaplectes Förster, 1869 — Holarctic
  • Townes, 1970a — Neotropical
  • Oresbius Marshall, 1867 — Holarctic
  • Förster, 1869 — Nearctic, Neotropical
  • Parmortha Townes, 1962 — Holarctic
  • Townes, 1970a — Ethiopian, Neotropical, Oriental
  • Thomson, 1874 — Oriental, Palearctic
  • Pleolophus Townes, 1962 — Holarctic
  • Polytribax Förster, 1869 — Holarctic, Neotropical, Oriental
  • Townes, 1962 — Nearctic
  • Förster, 1869 — Holarctic
  • Townes, 1970a — Oriental

References[]

  1. ^ a b Fitton, M.G; Gauld, I.D. (1978). "Further notes on family-group names of the Ichneumonidae (excluding Ichneumoninae) (Hymenoptera)". Systematic Entomology. 3 (3): 245–247. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3113.1978.tb00118.x. S2CID 84104340. Retrieved December 29, 2021.
  2. ^ a b c Santos, B.F. (2017). "Phylogeny and reclassification of Cryptini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae), with implications for ichneumonid higher-level classification". Systematic Entomology. 42 (4): 650–676. doi:10.1111/syen.12238. S2CID 90996975. Retrieved December 29, 2021.
  3. ^ Cryptinae. WaspWeb. Iziko Museums.
  4. ^ Townes, Henry K. (1969). "Genera of Ichneumonidae, Part 2 (Gelinae)". Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute. 12: 1–537.
  5. ^ Fitton, M.G; Gauld, I.D. (1976). "The family-group names of the Ichneumonidae (excluding Ichneumoninae) (Hymenoptera)". Systematic Entomology. 1: 247–258.
  6. ^ "Opinion 1757. Cryptus Fabricius, 1804 and Cryptinae Kirby, 1837 (Insecta, Hymenoptera): conserved". Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature. IZCN. 51: 74–75. 1994. ISSN 0007-5167. Retrieved December 29, 2021.
  7. ^ Broad, G., & Barthélémy, C. (2012). A new species of Hadrocryptus (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Cryptinae), with the first account of the biology for the genus. Journal of Hymenoptera Research, 24, 47.
  8. ^ a b Wahl, David (2014). "Synoptic Lists of World Genera and Family-group Names". American Entomological Institute. Retrieved December 29, 2021.

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