Curcuma

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Curcuma
Curcuma zedoaria - Köhler–s Medizinal-Pflanzen-048.jpg
Curcuma zedoaria
1896 illustration[1]
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Zingiberales
Family: Zingiberaceae
Subfamily: Zingiberoideae
Tribe: Zingibereae
Genus: Curcuma
L.
Synonyms[2]
  • Kua Rheede ex Medic.
  • Erndlia Giseke
  • Stissera Giseke 1792, illegitimate homonym not Heist. ex Fabr. 1759
  • Hitcheniopsis (Baker) Ridl.
  • Paracautleya R.M.Sm.

Curcuma is a genus of plants in the family Zingiberaceae that contains such species as turmeric and Siam tulip. They are native to Southeast Asia, southern China, the Indian Subcontinent, New Guinea and northern Australia.[3] Some species are reportedly naturalized in other warm parts of the world such as tropical Africa, Central America, Florida, and various islands of the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans. Generally, most curcuma grows well in loose and sandy soil in shaded areas.[2][4]

Uses[]

The name is derived from the Sanskrit kuṅkuma, referring to turmeric. Turmeric has been used in India for medical purposes since ancient times [5] and is frequently used to flavour or colour curry powders, mustards, butters, and cheeses; it may also be a substitute for saffron and other yellowish pigments.[6]

Species[]

Curcuma euchroma
Curcuma inodora
A. Bernecker: Curcuma longa

Plants of the World Online currently includes:[7]

  1. Roxb.
  2. Thwaites
  3. Curcuma alismatifolia Gagnep. : Siam tulip
  4. Curcuma amada Roxb. : mango-ginger
  5. Roscoe
  6. (Baker) Škornick.
  7. Curcuma angustifolia Roxb.
  8. Chaveer. & Tanee
  9. Škornick. & N.S.Lý
  10. Curcuma aromatica Salisb. : wild turmeric
  11. W.J.Kress & V.Gowda
  12. Wall. ex Baker
  13. Zijp
  14. Curcuma australasica Hook.f.
  15. Hemsl.
  16. Maknoi, K.Larsen & Sirirugsa
  17. (R.M.Sm.) Škornick. & M.Sabu
  18. Curcuma bicolor Mood & K.Larsen
  19. Curcuma caesia Roxb.
  20. (Kuntze) Škornick.
  21. (Wall.) Techapr. & Škornick.
  22. R.Ansari, V.J.Nair & N.C.Nair
  23. J.Graham
  24. K.Schum.
  25. Škornick.
  26. Gagnep.
  27. Škornick., M.Sabu & Prasanthk.
  28. K.Schum.
  29. Valeton
  30. Curcuma comosa Roxb.
  31. Mangaly & M.Sabu
  32. Škornick.
  33. Luu, Škornick. & H.Ð.Tran
  34. Dalzell
  35. Craib
  36. Roxb.
  37. Valeton
  38. N.Liu
  39. Roxb.
  40. Škornick.
  41. S.Q.Tong
  42. K.Larsen & Mood
  43. (Wall.) Škornick.
  44. Gagnep.
  45. (K.Larsen & Jenjitt.) Škornick.
  46. Wall. ex Baker
  47. N.H.Xia & Juan Chen
  48. Mangaly & M.Sabu
  49. Gagnep.
  50. Valeton & Zijp
  51. Blatt.
  52. (King ex Baker) Škornick.
  53. Amalraj, Velay. & Mural.
  54. Nob.Tanaka & M.M.Aung
  55. Velay., V.S.Pillai & Amalraj
  56. S.G.Lee & C.F.Liang
  57. Maknoi & Jenjitt.
  58. Valeton
  59. Roscoe
  60. Škornick. & Luu identified at Bu Gia Map National Park[8]
  61. Roxb.
  62. Valeton
  63. Curcuma longa L. : turmeric - type species
  64. Valeton
  65. (Baker) Škornick.
  66. Curcuma mangga Valeton & Zijp
  67. Valeton
  68. Roxb.
  69. R.Kr.Singh & Arti Garg
  70. Škornick., M.Sabu & Prasanthk.
  71. (W.J.Kress) Škornick.
  72. N.Liu, X.B.Ye & Juan Chen
  73. Wight
  74. Škornick.
  75. Trimen
  76. Wall. ex Baker
  77. Škornick. & N.S.Lý
  78. Wall.
  79. Gage
  80. (Chaveer. & Mokkamul) Škornick.
  81. Souvann. & Maknoi
  82. Curcuma petiolata Roxb.
  83. Curcuma phaeocaulis Valeton
  84. Roxb. ex Škornick.
  85. Gagnep.
  86. Wall. ex Baker
  87. Zipp. ex Span.
  88. Curcuma prakasha S.Tripathi
  89. Skornick.
  90. J.Graham
  91. Blume
  92. Maknoi & Jenjitt.
  93. Škornick. & Šída f.
  94. Roxb.
  95. Sirirugsa & M.F.Newman
  96. Curcuma rhomba Mood & K.Larsen
  97. Curcuma roscoeana Wall.
  98. M.A.Rahman & Yusuf
  99. Roxb.
  100. Škornick., M.Sabu & Prasanthk.
  101. Škornick. & N.S.Lý
  102. Boonma & Saensouk
  103. Chaveer. & Sudmoon
  104. (Nimmo) Škornick. & M.Sabu
  105. Gage
  106. X.X.Chen
  107. Gagnep.
  108. Gagnep.
  109. Gagnep.
  110. Wall. ex Baker
  111. Miq.
  112. (W.J.Kress & K.Larsen) Škornick.
  113. Valeton
  114. Gagnep.
  115. Y.H.Tan & Li X.Zhang[9]
  116. Gagnep.
  117. M.Sabu & Mangaly
  118. Roxb.
  119. Škornick. & H.Ð.Tran
  120. M.A.Rahman & Yusuf
  121. M.A.Rahman & Yusuf
  122. N.H.Xia & Juan Chen
  123. Škornick.
  124. N.H.Xia & Juan Chen
  125. N.Liu & S.J.Chen
  126. Curcuma zanthorrhiza Roxb. : temu lawak
  127. Curcuma zedoaria (Christm.) Roscoe : zedoary
  128. Chaveer. & Tanee

References[]

  1. ^ Franz Eugen Köhler, Köhler's Medizinal-Pflanzen
  2. ^ a b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  3. ^ "Curcuma [family ZINGIBERACEAE]". Global Plants.
  4. ^ Sirirugsa, P.; Larsen, K.; Maknoi, C. (2007). "The Genus Curcuma L. (Zingiberaceae): Distribution and Classification with Reference to Species Diversity in Thailand" (PDF). Gardens' Bulletin Singapore. 59 (1&2): 203–220. S2CID 173169715.
  5. ^ Prasad, Sahdeo; Aggarwal, Bharat B. (2011), Benzie, Iris F. F.; Wachtel-Galor, Sissi (eds.), "Turmeric, the Golden Spice: From Traditional Medicine to Modern Medicine", Herbal Medicine: Biomolecular and Clinical Aspects (2nd ed.), Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press/Taylor & Francis, ISBN 978-1-4398-0713-2, PMID 22593922, retrieved 2021-01-15
  6. ^ Tawney, C. H. (1924). The Ocean of Story, chapter 104. p. 13.
  7. ^ Plants of the World Online: Curcuma L. (retrieved 3 May 2021)
  8. ^ "Leonid crocus (Curcuma leonidii) – a new species discovered in Bu Gia Map National Park in Binh Phuoc province". Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology. Retrieved 2014-05-03.
  9. ^ Zhang, Li-Xia; Ding, Hong-Bo; Li, Hai-Tao; Zhang, Zhong-Lian; Tan, Yun-Hong (11 March 2019). "Curcuma tongii, a new species of Curcuma subgen. Ecomatae (Zingiberaceae) from southern Yunnan, China". Phytotaxa. 395 (3): 241. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.395.3.9. S2CID 92158324.

Gallery[]

  • Curcuma aeruginosa

  • Curcuma longa

  • Curcuma sp.

  • Curcuma sp.

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