Dalechampia

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Dalechampia
Dalechampia scandens.JPG
, Ecuador
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Subfamily: Acalyphoideae
Tribe: Plukenetieae
Subtribe: Dalechampiinae
Genus: Dalechampia
L. 1753
Synonyms[1]

Dalechampia is a genus of plant of the family Euphorbiaceae and of the monogeneric subtribe Dalechampiinae. It is widespread across lowland tropical areas (generally below 2,000 m ASL) primarily in the Americas with smaller numbers of species in Africa, Madagascar, and southern Asia.[1][2] Additional new species are still being described and several are very rare and at risk of extinction.[3][4][5][6]

Dalechampia has unisexual flowers that are secondarily united into bisexual blossoms (pseudanthia), which act as the pollination units. The pollination and floral evolution of this genus have been studied more intensively than perhaps any other member of the euphorbia family. In the neotropics (Americas), most species are pollinated by resin-collecting female bees, including euglossine bees and Hypanthidium of the Megachilidae, which use resin in nest construction. About a dozen neotropical species (including D. spathulata, shown below) are pollinated by fragrance-collecting male euglossine bees, which use these fragrances to attract females for mating. There are at least three independent pollination shifts from pollination by female resin-collecting bees to pollination by male fragrance-collecting bees. African and Asian species are also pollinated by resin-collecting megachilid bees, but Malagasy species are pollinated by pollen-feeding beetles and pollen-collecting bees.

Two species are of horticultural interest, and , have particularly showy blossoms with bright pink/purple bracts. , from Peru, has become very popular recently, but it is mistakenly advertised and distributed under the name D. dioscoreifolia.

Dalechampia aristolochiifolia
Dalechampia caperonioides
Dalechampia dioscoreifoila
Dalechampia linearis
Dalechampia peckoltiana
Dalechampia schippii
Dalechampia spathulata
Dalechampia tiliifolia
Species[1]
  1. – Bolivia, Mato Grosso do Sul
  2. – N South America
  3. – Bahia, Rio de Janeiro
  4. – El Beni
  5. – Bahia
  6. – Paraguay, Paraná
  7. – Bahia
  8. – Costa Rica
  9. – Peru
  10. – Bahia, Espírito Santo
  11. – Venezuela, Suriname, Fr Guiana
  12. – Bolivia, Paraguay, Rio Grande do Sul
  13. – Madagascar
  14. – Yunnan, SE Asia
  15. – Bolivia, Paraguay, Rio Grande do Sul
  16. – E Brazil
  17. – Suriname, Fr Guiana
  18. – Amazonas in Brazil
  19. – Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, São Paulo
  20. – NE South America
  21. – Goiás
  22. – Costa Rica
  23. – Myanmar
  24. – SE Central America, NW South America
  25. Dalechampia capensis – E + S Africa
  26. – Goiás, Brasília, Minas Gerais
  27. – Madagascar
  28. – Cameroon, Central African Rep
  29. – Madagascar
  30. – Mexico, Central America, NW + W South America
  31. – Brazil
  32. – Madagascar
  33. – E Brazil
  34. – Bahia
  35. – Mato Grosso
  36. – Madagascar
  37. – Cuba
  38. Dalechampia dioscoreifolia from Nicaragua to Bolivia
  39. – N Thailand
  40. – Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam
  41. – Ceará
  42. – E Brazil
  43. – Suriname, French Guiana
  44. – Minas Gerais
  45. – southern Africa
  46. – Peru, NW Brazil
  47. – S Brazil, Misiones
  48. – Rio de Janeiro
  49. – Paraguay
  50. – Paraguay, Paraná
  51. – Amazonas in Brazil
  52. – Bolivia, Mato Grosso do Sul
  53. – N Brazil, Venezuela, 3 Guianas
  54. – Peru, Ecuador
  55. – Brazil
  56. – Peru
  57. – Pernambuco, Bahia
  58. – S India, Sri Lanka
  59. – tropical Africa
  60. – NW South America
  61. – N Colombia
  62. – Katanga
  63. – S Mexico, Belize, Honduras
  64. – Rio de Janeiro
  65. – Goiás
  66. – S Venezuela, NW Brazil
  67. – Brazil, Paraguay
  68. – Ceará, Pernambuco, Bahia
  69. – Veracruz, Oaxaca
  70. – N + WC South America
  71. – São Paulo
  72. – S Venezuela, NW Brazil
  73. – Uruguay, S Brazil
  74. – N + NW South America
  75. – S Brazil, Paraguay
  76. – Mato Grosso
  77. – Minas Gerais
  78. – Amazonas in Brazil
  79. – Osa Peninsula
  80. – Bolívar
  81. – NE South America
  82. – Somalia
  83. – Rio de Janeiro
  84. – Brazil
  85. – Ceará, Pernambuco
  86. – Madagascar
  87. – Goiás
  88. – Bahia
  89. – Minas Gerais
  90. – Santa Catarina
  91. – Mato Grosso
  92. – Santa Catarina
  93. - Paraguay
  94. – Latin America, West Indies
  95. – Pernambuco
  96. – Belize
  97. – Yucatán
  98. – Canindeyú
  99. – Central America, Colombia, Ecuador
  100. – Madagascar
  101. – Central America, S Mexico
  102. – Karnataka
  103. – S Brazil, Paraguay, NE Argentina
  104. – South America
  105. – Bahia
  106. – Madagascar
  107. – Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia
  108. – Mauritius, Comoros, Madagascar, SW India
  109. – Brazil, S Venezuela, Bolivia
  110. – Central America, S Mexico, N + W South America, Trinidad
  111. – E Africa
  112. Dalechampia triphylla – São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro
  113. – Brazil, Peru, Bolivia
  114. – E. Paraguay, Rio Grande do Sul, Misiones
  115. – Minas Gerais
  116. – Tamil Nadu
  117. – Rio Grande do Sul
  118. – Bahia, Espírito Santo
  119. – Peru
  120. – Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama
  121. – Goiás, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Paraguay

References[]

  1. ^ a b c Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. ^ Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1–4: 1–1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  3. ^ Forzza, R. C. 2010. Lista de espécies Flora do Brasil "2010". Archived from the original on 2015-09-06. Retrieved 2015-08-20.. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro
  4. ^ Martínez Gordillo, M., J. J. Ramírez, R. C. Durán, E. J. Arriaga, R. García, A. Cervantes & R. M. Hernández. 2002. Los géneros de la familia Euphorbiaceae en México. Anales del Instituto de Biología de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Botánica 73(2): 155–281.
  5. ^ Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali (eds). 1980–2005. Flora of Pakistan University of Karachi, Karachi
  6. ^ Flora of China Vol. 11 Page 258 黄蓉花属 huang rong hua shu Dalechampia Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1054. 1753.
  • Armbruster WS. 1984. The role of resin in angiosperm pollination: ecological and chemical considerations. American Journal of Botany 71: 1149–1160.
  • Armbruster WS. 1985. Patterns of character divergence and the evolution of reproductive ecotypes of Dalechampia scandens (Euphorbiaceae). Evolution 39: 733–752.
  • Armbruster WS. 1988. Multilevel comparative analysis of morphology, function, and evolution of Dalechampia blossoms. Ecology 69: 1746–1761.
  • Armbruster WS. 1990. Estimating and testing the shapes of adaptive surfaces: the morphology and pollination of Dalechampia blossoms. American Naturalist 135: 14–31.
  • Armbruster WS, Gong Y-B, Huang S-Q. 2011. Are pollination “syndromes” predictive? --Asian Dalechampia fit neotropical models. American Naturalist 178: 135–143.
  • Armbruster WS, Lee J, Edwards ME, Baldwin BG. 2013. Floral paedomorphy leads to secondary specialization in pollination of Madagascar Dalechampia (Euphorbiaceae). Evolution 67:1196–1203.
  • Armbruster WS, Herzig AL, 1984. Partitioning and sharing of pollinators by four sympatric species of Dalechampia (Euphorbiaceae) in Panama. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 71: 1–16.
  • Webster GL, Armbruster WS. 1991. A synopsis of the neotropical species of Dalechampia. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, London 105: 137–177.
  • Webster GL, Webster BD. 1972. Morphology and relationships of Dalechampia scandens (Euphorbiaceae). American Journal of Botany 59: 573–586.
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