Death of Tyra Hunter

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Tyra Hunter (1970 – August 7, 1995) was an African-American transgender woman who died after being injured as a passenger in a car accident. Hunter transitioned at 14 and lived her adult life as a woman.[1] The District of Columbia was found responsible for her death, due to not delivering medical care,[2] and for violations of the DC Human Rights Act during her treatment.

Accident and death[]

Hunter was in a road accident in 1995. Emergency medical technicians (EMTs) at the scene of the accident used derogatory epithets and withdrew medical care after cutting open Hunter's pants and discovering that she had a penis,[3] and ER staff at DC General Hospital subsequently provided dilatory and inadequate care.[4]

Hunter died in hospital the same day. A civil suit was later successfully brought by Hunter's mother against the District of Columbia.

Over 2,000 people attended her funeral.[5]

Lawsuit[]

The case against the District of Columbia was tried by Richard F. Silber. Dana Priesing, a transgender activist[6] observing the trial, wrote that the evidence supported "the inference that a stereotype (namely that Hunter was an anonymous, drug-using, transgender street person) affected the treatment Tyra received," and that the "ER staff, as evidenced by their actions, did not consider her life worth saving."[7] Adrian Williams, one of the EMTs who had neglected to treat Hunter, testified that he assumed she was a man on sight, "failing to notice that she had breasts, make-up, women's clothing, a woman's hairstyle, and white nail polish."[7] One DC General employee, after being subpoenaed, left for Africa and did not return until late December 1998.[7] In the end, none of the EMTs involved were ever disciplined.[5]

On December 11, 1998, a jury awarded Hunter's mother, Margie, $2,874,060[1] after finding the District of Columbia, through its employees in the DC Fire Department and doctors at DC General, liable under the DC Human Rights Act and for negligence and medical malpractice for causing Hunter's death. $600,000 was awarded for damages attributable to violations of the DC Human Rights Act associated with the withdrawal of medical care at the accident scene and openly denigrating Hunter with epithets, a further $1.5 million was awarded to her mother for Hunter's conscious pain and suffering and for economic loss from the wrongful death medical malpractice claim. Doctors at DC General failed to diagnose and treat Hunter who died of internal bleeding in the hospital emergency room. Evidence at the trial demonstrated that had Hunter been provided with a blood transfusion and referred to a surgeon, she would have had an 86% chance of surviving.[8] In subsequent negotiations the case was settled for $1.75m.[9]

Legacy[]

Transgender Youth Resources and Advocacy (TYRA), was a program of the former Illinois Gender Advocates and Howard Brown Health Center, was a Chicago area transgender youth initiative named in the memory of Tyra Hunter.[citation needed]

The epilogue of Genny Beemyn's 2014 book A Queer Capital: A History of Gay Life in Washington D.C. is "In Tyra's Memory".

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b Donaldson James, Susan (August 7, 2012). "Trans Man Denied Cancer Treatment; Now Feds Say It's Illegal". ABC News. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
  2. ^ Susan Stryker, Stephen Whittle (2006). The Transgender Studies Reader. CRC Press. ISBN 9780415947091. Retrieved 2009-11-24.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)[page needed]
  3. ^ "Tyra Hunter Case Reopened 12-04-1995". Retrieved 2016-09-10.
  4. ^ "DEATH SUIT COSTS CITY $2.9 MILLION". December 12, 1998 – via www.washingtonpost.com.
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b Wilchins, Riki (2017-05-31). TRANS/gressive: How Transgender Activists Took on Gay Rights, Feminism, the Media & Congress… and Won!. Riverdale Avenue Books LLC. ISBN 978-1-62601-367-4.
  6. ^ Wilchins, Riki (31 May 2017). TRANS/Gressive: How Transgender Activists Took on Gay Rights, Feminism, the Media & Congress… and Won!. ISBN 9781626013674.
  7. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Damages Awarded after Transsexual Woman's Death". Archived from the original on 2014-03-24. Retrieved 2014-07-15.[dead link]
  8. ^ "Violence Engulfs Transgender Population in D.C." Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved 2020-06-14.
  9. ^ "District settles Hunter lawsuit for $1.75 million".

External links[]

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