Diceratherium

Diceratherium; Temporal range: Late Oligocene to Miocene
	Skeleton, University of Wyoming Geological Museum
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Perissodactyla
Family:	Rhinocerotidae
Genus:	†Diceratherium; Marsh, 1875
Type species
	Diceratherium armatum; Marsh, 1875
Species
	D. matutinum Marsh, 1870 ; D. annectens Marsh, 1873 ; D. armatum Marsh, 1875 ; D. tridactylum Marsh, 1893 ; D. niobrarense Peterson, 1906;

Diceratherium (meaning "two horned beast") is an extinct genus of rhinoceros endemic to North America, Europe, and Asia during the Oligocene through Miocene living from 33.9 to 11.6 mya, existing for approximately 22.3 million years.^[2] Mass estimates for the type species, D. armatum average around 1 t (2,200 lb)^[3]

Taxonomy[]

Restoration of D. tridactylum

Skull, University of California Museum of Paleontology

Diceratherium was named by Marsh (1875). It is not extant. Its type is Diceratherium armatum. It was assigned to Rhinocerotidae by Marsh (1875) and Carroll (1988); to by Prothero (1998); to Aceratheriinae by Weidmann and Ginsburg (1999); and to by Sach and Heizmann (2001).^[4]^[5] Diceratherium had two horns side by side on its nose. It lived during the Miocene Epoch.

References[]

^ Prothero, Donald R. (2005). The Evolution of North American Rhinoceroses. Cambridge University Press. p. 228. ISBN 9780521832403.
^ PaleoBiology Database: Diceratherium, basic info
^ Paleobiology Database. "Diceratherium, morphology". Retrieved 9 January 2013.
^ R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution. W. H. Freeman and Company, New York 1-698
^ V. J. Sach and E. P. J. Heizmann. 2001. Stratigraphy and mammal faunas of the Brackwassermolasse in the surroundings of Ulm (Southwest Germany). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde, Serie B (Geologie und Paläontologie) 310:1-95

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[Prothero2005-1] Prothero, Donald R. (2005). The Evolution of North American Rhinoceroses. Cambridge University Press. p. 228. ISBN 9780521832403.

[2] PaleoBiology Database: Diceratherium, basic info

[3] Paleobiology Database. "Diceratherium, morphology". Retrieved 9 January 2013.

[4] R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution. W. H. Freeman and Company, New York 1-698

[5] V. J. Sach and E. P. J. Heizmann. 2001. Stratigraphy and mammal faunas of the Brackwassermolasse in the surroundings of Ulm (Southwest Germany). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde, Serie B (Geologie und Paläontologie) 310:1-95

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