Jevanshir Uyezd

Jevanshir Uyezd

Джеванширский уезд
Jevanshir Uyezd Джеванширский уезд
	Coat of arms
Country	Russia
Political status	Uyezd
Region	Caucasus
Established	1869
Abolished	1918
Area
• Total	5,297 km2 (2,045 sq mi)
Population (1916)
• Total	75,730
• Density	14/km2 (37/sq mi)

Karabakh Khanate on a map of 1823

The Jevanshir Uyezd (Russian: Джеванширский уезд), also transliterated as Dzhevanshirskiy Uyezd, was one of the uyezds (administrative divisions) of Elisabethpol Governorate of the Russian Empire, with its center in Terter (Tartar).^[1]

Geography[]

The Elisabethpol Governorate as a whole consisted of the Elisabethpol, Nukha, Shusha, Zangezur, Kazakh, Aresh, Jebrail, and Jevanshir Uyezds.^[2] The Jevanshir Uyezd was made up of two parts, the northeastern lowland and the southwestern mountainous part of Jraberd. The area covered 4,818.4 square verst.^[3] The lower part, called Arran was hot and dry during summers which made the inhabitants move to mountainous areas for the duration of season. The winters were mild and short. The middle part of the uyezd is located on the hills and is enriched with forests. The southern part is located high in the mountains. The highest peaks in mountainous ranges stretching from Gokcha are Murovdag (11,219 ft), Gozeldere-bashi (11,606 ft) and Ginal-dag (11,057 ft). A big part of Jevanshir Uyezd is within the Tartarchay basin, which starts high in the mountains near the border with Novobayazet Uyezd and Zangezur Uyezds and flows through uyezd discharging into Kura. The importance of the river possessed certain importance due to its wide usage in irrigations through the Jevanshir Elisabethpol and Shusha Uyezds.

The administrative center of the uyezd was the town Terter, located on the Elisabethpol-Shusha road, about 681.6 versts from the provincial capital Elisabethpol.^[4]

History[]

The territory of Javanshir and Jabrayil uyezds was a part of Karabakh Khanate. In 1869, it was created out of a northern part of Shusha Uyezd.

After the dissolution of the Russian Empire and the formation of the independent Transcaucasian republics, including the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic in 1918, the western mountainous districts of the Elisabethpol Governorate including the Shusha, Zangezur, Jebrail, Jevanshir, Kazakh and Elisabethpol Uyezds became subject to intense territorial disputes between Armenia and Azerbaijan throughout 1918-1920, both of whom included these areas in their territorial pretensions that they presented in memorandums to the Paris Peace Conference.

Since the collapse of Russian authority in the Transcaucasus, the mountainous portion of the uyezd, which was overwhelmingly Armenian, was governed by the de-facto Karabakh Council which vehemently rejected Ottoman and Azerbaijani attempts to subordinate the region. However, following the arrival of British forces in Transcaucasia, the Karabakh Council reluctantly submitted to provisional Azerbaijani rule through the Governor-Generalship of Karabakh, led by Dr. Khosrov bey Sultanov, due to the exerted British pressure on the council in August 1919.

Following the establishment of Soviet rule in Azerbaijan, the uyezd was partitioned into several rayons, with the overwhelmingly Armenian subsections forming part of the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast.

Demographics[]

Russian Imperial Census of 1897[]

According to census held in 1897, the population of uyezd was 72,719, of which 52,041 were Tatars (modern-day Azerbaijanis) and 19,551 were Armenians.^[5]^[6] The uyezd has 213 villages and its population was engaged primarily in agriculture and cattlebreeding with the population in lowland part of uyezd engaged in sericulture and gardening. The mountainous parts above wooden mountains were used as mountain pastures, the lower regions of the highland were cultivated for growing barley and wheat. The lowland area was used for growing cotton, rice and other various plants. The agricultural data from 1891 states the cattle stock numbered 52,800 while small cattle numbered 112,000. There were 34 factories with a total production output accounting to 37,914 rubles.^[4]

Caucasian Calendar of 1917[]

The 1917 Caucasian Calendar which produced statistics of 1916 indicates 75,730 residents in the Jevanshir Uyezd, including 41,496 men and 34,234 women, 69,467 of whom were the permanent population, and 6,263 were temporary residents. The statistics indicated Azerbaijanis were the majority of the population of the district, with sizeable Armenian and North Caucasian minorities:^[7]

Area	Russians		Other Europeans	Armenians	North Caucasians	Other Asian Nationalities		Jews	TOTAL
Area	Orthodox	Sectarian	Other Europeans	Armenians	North Caucasians	Shia Muslim	Sunni Muslim	Jews	TOTAL
Jevanshir Uyezd	700	15	3	22,008	2,204	42,766	8,032	2	75,730
Jevanshir Uyezd	0.9%	0.0%	0.0%	29.1%	2.9%	56.5%	10.6%	0.0%	100.0%

References[]

^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Elisavetpol (government)" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 9 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 280; see final three lines. The government is divided into eight districts, Elisavetpol, Aresh, Jebrail, Jevanshir, Kazakh, Nukha, Shusha and Zangezur.
^ "Административно-территориальные реформы на Кавказе в середине и во второй половине XIX века" [Administrative-territorial reforms in Caucasus in middle and second half of 19th century]. Retrieved 2011-01-21.
^ "Брокгауз-Ефрон и Большая Советская Энциклопедия" [Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedia]. Retrieved 2011-01-21.
^ ^a ^b "Энциклопедический Словарь. Джеванширский уезд" [Encyclopedia dictionary. Javanshir uyezd]. Retrieved 2011-01-21.
^ "Первая Всеобщая перепись населения Российской империи 1897 года" [First All Russian Imperial Census of 1897]. Retrieved 2011-01-21.
^ "Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи 1897 г. Распределение населения по родному языку и уездам Российской Империи кроме губерний Европейской России" [First All Russian Imperial Census of 1897. Population split according to languages spoken; uyezds of Russian empire except for governorates in European part of empire]. Retrieved 2011-01-21.
^ Кавказский календарь .... на 1917 год (in Russian). pp. 355–358.

[1] Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Elisavetpol (government)" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 9 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 280; see final three lines. The government is divided into eight districts, Elisavetpol, Aresh, Jebrail, Jevanshir, Kazakh, Nukha, Shusha and Zangezur.

[2] "Административно-территориальные реформы на Кавказе в середине и во второй половине XIX века" [Administrative-territorial reforms in Caucasus in middle and second half of 19th century]. Retrieved 2011-01-21.

[3] "Брокгауз-Ефрон и Большая Советская Энциклопедия" [Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedia]. Retrieved 2011-01-21.

[Vehi-4] "Энциклопедический Словарь. Джеванширский уезд" [Encyclopedia dictionary. Javanshir uyezd]. Retrieved 2011-01-21.

[5] "Первая Всеобщая перепись населения Российской империи 1897 года" [First All Russian Imperial Census of 1897]. Retrieved 2011-01-21.

[6] "Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи 1897 г. Распределение населения по родному языку и уездам Российской Империи кроме губерний Европейской России" [First All Russian Imperial Census of 1897. Population split according to languages spoken; uyezds of Russian empire except for governorates in European part of empire]. Retrieved 2011-01-21.

[:7-7] Кавказский календарь .... на 1917 год (in Russian). pp. 355–358.

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