Eat Drink Man Woman

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Eat Drink Man Woman
Eat Drink Man Woman.jpg
DVD cover
Traditional飲食男女
Simplified饮食男女
Mandarinyǐn shí nán nǚ
Literallydrink, eat, man, woman
Directed byAng Lee
Written byAng Lee
James Schamus
Hui-Ling Wang
Produced byHsu Li-kong
Hsu Kong
Starring
CinematographyJong Lin
Edited byAng Lee
Tim Squyres
Music byMader
Production
companies
Distributed byThe Samuel Goldwyn Company
Release date
  • August 3, 1994 (1994-08-03)
(USA)
Running time
123 minutes
CountriesTaiwan
United States
LanguageMandarin Chinese
Budget$1.5 million[1]
Box office$24 million[1]

Eat Drink Man Woman (Chinese: 飲食男女) is a 1994 comedy-drama film directed by Ang Lee. Jointly written by Ang Lee, James Schamus and Hui-Ling Wang,[2] the film stars Sihung Lung, Yu-wen Wang, Chien-lien Wu, and Kuei-mei Yang.[3] as members of the Zhu family navigate the challenges of love, life, tradition and family. Part of Lee's "Father Knows Best"[4] trilogy and similar to Lee's other works, this film deals with the transition from tradition to modernity.

Quoted from the Confucian Book of Rites, the title refers to the basic human desires: "The things which men greatly desire are comprehended in meat and drink and sexual pleasure".[5]

A critical and box office success,[6] the film received the Asia Pacific Film Festival Award for Best Film in 1994 and was nominated for Best Foreign film at the Academy Awards in 1995.[7][8] It would inspire films like Tortilla Soup and Joyful Reunion [9] and has an eponymous musical rendition.[10]

Plot[]

On a Sunday in 1990s Taipei, semi-retired chef and widow Mr. Zhu prepares a feast for his three daughters. Jia-Jen, the eldest, is a chemistry teacher who devotes herself to Christianity after facing heartbreak from her college ex-boyfriend. The second daughter, Jia-Chien, is an executive at an airline company. She wanted to become a head chef like her father but he claimed that it was not for a woman. Jia-Ning, the youngest, is a college student who works part-time.

At dinner, Jia-Chien announces that she has invested in a new apartment and will be moving out once construction is complete. Surprisingly, Mr. Zhu approves. Jia-Chien criticizes the flavor, claiming Mr. Zhu's taste is deteriorating. Mr. Zhu dismisses the idea before suddenly rushing off to help his (and Jia-Chien's) long-time friend and "taster", Old Wen, at a banquet. Afterwards, Mr. Zhu wonders with Old Wen if there is anything more to life than eating, drinking, man, and woman. Meanwhile, family friend Jin-Rong stops by the Zhu residence with her daughter Shan-Shan. Jin-Rong vocalizes her difficulties with a messy divorce while being responsible for work, Shan-Shan, and her opinionated mother, Madame Liang, as she returns to Taipei from America. Jia-Jen comforts her while Shan-Shan colors a caricature of Mr. Zhu.

The next morning, Mr. Zhu meets Shan-Shan, learns that the lunches Jin-Rong provides her are suboptimal, and decides to cook for her. Shan-Shan agrees, giving Mr. Zhu the lunches her mom made to prevent her from discovering their secret. At school, Jia-Jen meets the new volleyball coach Ming-Dao and they take interest in one another. Jia-Chien meets the chief negotiator Li Kai during a meeting at work and they flirt with one another. She has a chance to relocate to Amsterdam due to a potential promotion. Jia-Ning meets up with Guo-Lun, her friend Rachel's on-and-off boyfriend. As Guo-Lun mopes about his unrequited love, Jia-Ning comforts him, telling him that true love is being with someone you can express your feelings to comfortably, leading Guo-Lun to realize his feelings for Jia-Ning.

Meanwhile, Old Wen becomes hospitalized. Jia-Jen is fooled by love letters she believes are from Ming-Dao, falling for a prank by her students. Jia-Chien's apartment investment falls through as she discovers that the apartment company went bankrupt and ran away with her savings. She also learns that it was Li Kai who broke Jia-Jen's heart in college and avoids romance with him. Jia-Ning faces a dilemma when she begins dating Guo-Lun even after Rachel confesses that she loves him. Mr. Zhu's health deteriorates and secretly visits the hospital, unaware that Jia-Chien saw him while visiting Old Wen. Eventually, Old Wen passes away and Mr. Zhu concludes that his sense of taste has officially departed.

At another Sunday feast, Jia-Chien announces that she will no longer be moving out; Mr. Zhu tells her not to worry. Later, Jia-Ning reveals her relationship with Guo-Lun and her pregnancy. The next dinner, Jia-Jen divulges that she and Ming-Dao have eloped. Jia-Jen and Jia-Ning move out of the residence, leaving Mr. Zhu with Jia-Chien. Troubled, Mr. Zhu begins to confide in and meet Madame Liang, leading the daughters to believe that the two are romantically involved.

Worried about her father's health, Jia-Chien rejects her promotion. Soon, the sisters, their partners, and Jin-Rong's family gather for a large Sunday feast. Mr. Zhu announces his engagement, not to Madame Liang, but to Jin-Rong, abruptly ending the dinner. Later, Jia-Ning and Guo-Lun have their baby, Jia-Jen converts Ming-Dao to Christianity, and Mr. Zhu sells the family home and buys a condo with Jin-Rong and Shan-Shan. Jia-Chien, no longer needing to take care of her father, accepts the job in Amsterdam. Before she leaves she prepares a final feast for the family in the family home, but only Mr. Zhu arrives. When Mr. Zhu criticizes her cooking, he suddenly realizes that his sense of taste has returned.

Cast and information[]

Actor Character Description
Sihung Lung Mr. Zhu A retired chef, he infuses every Sunday dinner with his love. His daughter, for their own reasons, gradually move out of the Zhu home. At last, he has a new perspective on his life.
Kuei-Mei Yang Zhu Jia-Jen Zhu’s eldest daughter, a devout Christian and chemistry teacher struggling with past heartbreak. Eventually, she falls in love with Ming-Dao, the new volleyball coach.
Chien-lien Wu Zhu Jia-Chien Zhu’s second daughter, an airline executive. Clever, independent, headstrong, and praised for her beauty. Particularly good at cooking but has never cooked in her own home because of a feud with Mr. Zhu. She chose to stay with her father. (Wu also portrays Zhu's dead wife.)
Yu-Wen Wang Zhu Jia-Ning Zhu's youngest daughter, a college student working in a fast-food restaurant. Jia-Ning ultimately steals her best friend's boyfriend and gets pregnant out of wedlock. She is also the first of the three sisters to leave home.
Sylvia Chang Liang Jin-Rong Long-time classmate of Jia-Jen and family friend. Confides in the Zhu sisters, especially Jiu-Jen. Mother of Shan-Shan and the eldest daughter of Madame Liang. She eventually becomes Mr. Zhu’s wife.
Winston Chao Li Kai The smug-yet-suave chief negotiator at Jia-Chien's airline company. Though separated from his wife and son living in America, he maintains a flirtatious relationship with Jia-Chien. It is later discovered that he is the same man who broke Jia-Jen’s heart in college.
Chen Chao-jung Guo Lun The mopey ex-lover of Rachel and later boyfriend of Jia-Ning and father of her baby. Born to a wealthy family, often left alone, prompting him to take an interest in photography.
Raymond A ‘no-strings-attached’ friend to Jia-Chien. The two were romantically involved but ultimately break up and maintain a friends with benefits relationship upon his engagement to another woman.
Yu Chen Rachel Jia-Ning’s close friend and coworker. She strings Guo-Lun along, claiming that her goal is to play hard-to-get. When Jia-Ning dates Guo-Lun, she ends their friendship.
Gua Ah-leh Madame Liang The opinionated mother of Jin-Rong and grandmother of Shan-Shan. Returns to Taiwan after living with her youngest daughter and her husband in America. The embodiment of traditional Chinese values -- urging the Zhu sisters to get married as soon as possible while belittling Jin-Rong and her divorce.
Chi-Der Hong Class Leader The male student who initiates teacher greetings at Jia-Jen’s school.
Gin-Ming Hsu Coach Chai A PE teacher who works at the same school as Jia-Jen. He helps Ming-Dao after a shoulder injury.
Huel-Yi Lin Sister Chang A church friend of Jia-Jen who urges her to attend church choir as the men love her voice.
Shih-Jay Lin Chief's Son A recent graduate who is employed at his father’s airline company with Jia-Chien and Li Kai.
Chin-Cheng Lu Ming-Dao Ming-Dao is a young motorcycle-riding volleyball coach, new to the school that Jia-Jen teaches at. He meets Jia-Jen after accidentally throwing a volleyball into her classroom during her lesson, and then takes a romantic interest in and eventually elopes with her. Though not a Christian initially, Jia-Jen converts him.
Cho-Gin Nei Airline Secretary The front desk worker at the airline company.
Yu-Chien Tang Shan-Shan Jin-Rong's daughter, admires Mr. Zhu’s cooking skills and looks up to him as a fatherly figure.
Chung Ting Priest The priest of Jia-Jen's church; he baptizes Ming-Dao.
Hari Construction Worker Directs city traffic while construction is being done in the city.
Cheng-Fen Tso Fast Food Manager Jia-Ning’s busy manager who struggles to accommodate Jia-Ning’s availability.
Man-Sheng Tu Restaurant Manager The manager of the restaurant where Old Wen and Mr. Zhu work. Calls Mr. Zhu for help.
Zul Mendaki n/a
Chuen Wang Chief Jia-Chien and Li Kai’s boss, owns the company.
Reuben Foong Drama Mamma n/a
Jui Wang Old Wen A long-time coworker and family friend of Mr. Zhu. Has a close relationship with the Zhu daughters as well, especially Jia-Chien, when Mr. Zhu would take her to the restaurant's kitchen as a child.
Hwa Wu Old Man Tells Jia-Chien that the company halted construction and went bankrupt.

[11]

Released date[]

Released date Country
1994.07.02 Taiwan
1994.08.03 Indonesia
1994.08.03 United States
1995.07.01 Japan
1995.10.29 Republic of Korea

Music[]

Track listing[]

No. Title Artist(s) Length
1 Awake Mader 2:32
2 Good Morning, My Life! Mader 1:12
3 Mambo City Mader 10:53
4 The Daughters Heart - I Mader 4:08
5 Night Moon Mader 2:41
6 Destiny Mader 1:54
7 Pas Kitchen - I Mader 1:09
8 Emptiness Mader 0:58
9 Up Or Down Mader 0:24
10 Pas Kitchen - II Mader 1:40
11 Loneliness Mader 0:34
12 The Banquet Mader 1:54
13 Pas Secret Mader 0:46
14 Whos With Me Mader 3:33
15 Kitchen Impro Mader 1:33
16 Darkroom Mader 0:40
17 Revelation Mader 0:47
18 The Daughters Heart - II Mader 4:08

[12]

Reception[]

Critical response and interpretation[]

In her review in The New York Times, Janet Maslin praised Ang Lee as "a warmly engaging storyteller". She wrote, "Wonderfully seductive, and nicely knowing about all of its characters' appetites, Eat Drink Man Woman makes for an uncomplicatedly pleasant experience".[13]

In his review in The Washington Post, Hal Hinson called the film a "beautiful balance of elements ... mellow, harmonious and poignantly funny". Hinson concluded:

As the relationships evolve and deepen, there seems to be a surprise around every corner—for both the characters and the audience. But what is most surprising, perhaps, is how involved we become with these people. As satisfying as food can be, the fullness we feel at the end here is far richer and more complex than that offered by the most extravagant meal. " Eat Drink Man Woman" is a delicacy but also something more—something like food for the heart.[14]

According to the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, 88% of critics have given the film a positive review based on 49 reviews, with an average rating of 7.56/10. The site's critics consensus reads, "A richly layered look at the complex interactions between a widowed chef and his daughters, Ang Lee's generational comedy Eat Drink Man Woman offers filmgoers a tasty cinematic treat."[15]

Each character in this film has their own desire but at the beginning of the film, due to the concern with their family roles, they cannot express themselves.

“Due to love and traditional matters, they have to obey, they have to care well. They’re not really level with each other. I think that’s the biggest problem in that family, so the food and that banquet in the movie has become a ritual,” said Ang Lee.[16] The banquet becomes a burden on the family.

The authors Hong Zhao and Haixin Jin argue in their article 破坏中的重建与传承——《饮食男女》解读 that in the film Eat Drink Man Woman, Zhu’s family first maintains a semblance of calm when everyone represses their desires, then, the family is destructed when members throw off the shackles of their family roles to pursue their own desires. The family structure is eventually reconstructed when everyone’s desire for eat, drink and sex is well balanced. At the beginning of the film, Zhu’s  family struggles between maintaining the banquet (eat and drink) and their sexual desire (man and woman). Food is the bond that holds the family together. However, though they dine together every week, they are afraid to confide in each other. When they focus on “eat drink” but suppress sexual desire, the family is unhappy. No one enjoys the meal and Zhu even loses his sense of taste. When Zhu, Jia Jen, and Jia Ning chase after their sexual desires (man and woman), the original family structure disintegrates, but the family becomes happier since everyone gets what they want. The desire for food and sex eventually reach a balance and Zhu’s sense of taste is back at this moment.[17]

Box office[]

The film grossed $24.1 million worldwide generating the third biggest percentage return on cost of films released in the year, behind Four Weddings and a Funeral and The Lion King.[1] It was the highest-grossing foreign-language film in the United States and Canada for the year with a gross of $7.3 million.[18][19]

Adaptation[]

Following the smashing release of Lee's Eat Drink Man Woman, it prompted the inspiration for films such as the 2001 American film, Tortilla Soup, directed by María Ripoll and starring Héctor Elizondo, Jacqueline Obradors, Elizabeth Peña, Tamara Mello, and Raquel Welch. Co-written by Tom Musca, Ramón Menéndez, and Vera Blasi, Tortilla Soup follows a similar plot to Eat Drink Man Woman; a semi-retired Mexican-American chef and his three daughters challenge old-fashion ideals while searching for lifelong fulfillment. This adaptation received mainly positive reviews from film critics and the public; a consensus concluding that "An English Remake of Ang Lee's Eat Drink Man Woman, Tortilla Soup is as charming and flavorful as the dishes it features".[20]

Furthermore, Eat Drink Man Woman later inspired a 2012 sequel titled Joyful Reunion, or directly translated as Eat Drink Man Woman 2012 (Chinese: 饮食男女2012). Joyful Reunion is a romantic-comedy film directed by Jui-Yuan Tsao. Unlike Tortilla Soup, the film is loosely based on Eat Drink Man Woman, choosing to focus on a new set of characters and exploration of similar themes in a different manner.[9] Although this film is coined as the sequel to Lee's film, critical reviews claim that Tsao's rendition "leaves a bad taste in the mouth"[21] and considered politically naive to the relations between Taiwan and China during the time of its release.

The film was adapted off-screen as well. In 2019, produced by PerfectMatch Theatre co., LTD, the National Kaohsiung Centre for the Arts put on a musical production titled, Eat Drink Man Woman: The Musical. The musical is a direct adaptation of the film. With a total runtime of 160 minutes, the production strived to showcase as many iconic aspects from Ang Lee's film, such as the character's unique qualities and the beauty of food, through song and dance as possible. Unfortunately, the musical only ran for a recorded three days in September 2019; the production had a total of one night showing and two matinees.[22]

Father knows best trilogy[]

Eat Drink Man Woman is Ang Lee’s third feature film and forms the final part of his ‘Father Knows Best’ Trilogy, following Pushing Hands (1991) and The Wedding Banquet(1993). All three films depict a clash between cultures like youth and old age, tradition and progress, east and west, and investigate the freedoms and constraints inherent in family structures particularly those between fathers, daughters and sons.[23] Si-hung Lung takes the place of a father in all three films - here as Mr. Zhu, a retired master chef - and He had used it as the motif (idealization of the household's head) to resolve all the contradictions and conflict that happened within the family members. The trilogy also takes the repression of individual desire in the face of social pressure as one of its central themes.

Awards and nominations[]

Year-end lists[]

Ranking By List title
4th Robert Denerstein Rocky Mountain News[24]
7th James Berardinelli ReelViews[25]
Top 10 (listed alphabetically, not ranked) Mike Clark USA Today[26]
Top 10 (listed alphabetically, not ranked) Jimmy Fowler Dallas Observer[27]
Top 10 (listed alphabetically, not ranked) William Arnold Seattle Post-Intelligencer[28]
Top 10 (listed alphabetically, not ranked) Jeff Simon The Buffalo News[29]
Top 10 (listed alphabetically, not ranked) Mike Mayo The Roanoke Times[30]
Top 10 (listed alphabetically, not ranked) Steve Murray The Atlanta Journal-Constitution[31]
Top 10 (not ranked) Dennis King Tulsa World[32]
Top 10 (not ranked) George Meyer The Ledger[33]
Top 10 (not ranked) Bob Carlton The Birmingham News[34]
Top 10 runner-ups (not ranked) Janet Maslin The New York Times[35]
"The second 10" (not ranked) Sean P. Means The Salt Lake Tribune[36]
Honorable mention Michael MacCambridge Austin American-Statesman[37]
Honorable mention Betsy Pickle Knoxville News-Sentinel[38]
Honorable mention Duane Dudek Milwaukee Sentinel[39]
54th (2018) BBC The 100 greatest foreign language films.[40]

Awards[]

Year Category Award Result Recipient(s)
1994 Best Foreign Language Film 67th Academy Awards Nominated Eat Drink Man Woman
1994 Best Film Not in the English Language 48th British Academy Film Awards Nominated Eat Drink Man Woman
1994 Best Foreign Language Film National Board of Review Awards Won Eat Drink Man Woman
1994 Best Feature Film Golden Horse Film Festival and Awards Nominated Eat Drink Man Woman
1994 Best Supporting Actress Golden Horse Film Festival and Awards Nominated Eat Drink Man Woman
1994 Top Foreign Films National Board of Review of Motion Pictures Award Won Eat Drink Man Woman
1994 Best Film   Asia-Pacific Film Festival Awards Won Ang Lee
1994 Best editing Asia-Pacific Film Festival Awards Won Tim Squyres
1995 Best Foreign Language Film 52nd Golden Globe Awards Nominated Eat Drink Man Woman
1995 Best Foreign Language Film Academy Awards Nominated Eat Drink Man Woman
1995 Best Film not in the English Language British Academy of Film and Television Arts Awards Nominated Eat Drink Man Woman
1995 Best Foreign Film Kansas City Film Critics Circle Award Won Eat Drink Man Woman
1995 Best director Independent Spirit Awards Nominated Ang Lee
1995 Best Screenplay Independent Spirit Awards Nominated Hui-Ling Wang, James Schamus, Ang Lee
1995 Best Cinematography Independent Spirit Awards Nominated Jong Lin
1995 Best Feature Independent Spirit Awards Nominated Ted Hope, Hsu Li-kong, James Schamus
1995 Best Female Lead Independent Spirit Awards Nominated Chien-lien Wu

[41]

See also[]

References[]

Notes[]

  1. ^ Sihung Lung was credited as Lang Hsiung.

Citations[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c "World's Champs & Chumps". Variety. February 13, 1995. p. 7.
  2. ^ "Kochen als Kunst im Kino", Kulinarisches Kino, transcript-Verlag, pp. 45–60, December 31, 2013, ISBN 978-3-8394-2217-5, retrieved June 14, 2021
  3. ^ Dickenson, Victoria (September 25, 2012). "Eat Drink Man Woman, Art Gallery of Mississauga, November 10–December 22, 2011, Curated by Tara Marshall". Cuizine. 3 (2). doi:10.7202/1012464ar. ISSN 1918-5480.
  4. ^ "7. Breaking the Soy Sauce Jar: Diaspora and Displacement in the Films of Ang Lee", Transnational Chinese Cinemas, University of Hawaii Press, pp. 187–220, December 31, 2017, ISBN 978-0-8248-6529-0, retrieved June 14, 2021
  5. ^ "Lǐyùn 禮運 19" [Ceremonial usages; their origins, development, and intention], Lǐjì 《禮記》 [Book of Rites]
  6. ^ "Eat Drink Man Woman, 飲食男女,Yin shi nan nv Image 3". dx.doi.org. Retrieved June 14, 2021.
  7. ^ Dickenson, Victoria (September 25, 2012). "Eat Drink Man Woman, Art Gallery of Mississauga, November 10–December 22, 2011, Curated by Tara Marshall". Cuizine. 3 (2). doi:10.7202/1012464ar. ISSN 1918-5480.
  8. ^ Emmer, Michele (2020), "Homage to Octavia Spencer", Imagine Math 7, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 105–113, ISBN 978-3-030-42652-1, retrieved June 14, 2021
  9. ^ Jump up to: a b Chang, Justin (March 27, 2012). "Joyful Reunion". Variety. Retrieved June 14, 2021.
  10. ^ "2019新舞臺藝術節─音樂劇《飲食男女》 - 最新節目 | 衛武營國家藝術文化中心 Weiwuying National Kaohsiung Center for the Arts". www.npac-weiwuying.org (in Chinese). Retrieved June 14, 2021.
  11. ^ "Full cast and crew for Eat Drink Man Woman". Internet Movie Database. Retrieved February 28, 2012.
  12. ^ "Eat Drink Man Woman Soundtrack (1994)". www.soundtrack.net. Retrieved June 14, 2021.
  13. ^ Maslin, Janet (August 3, 1994). "Film Review: Avoiding Basic Human Desires, or Trying To". The New York Times. Retrieved July 8, 2011.
  14. ^ Hinson, Hal (August 19, 1994). "Eat Drink Man Woman". The Washington Post. Retrieved February 28, 2012.
  15. ^ "Eat Drink Man Woman (Yin shi nan nu) (1994)". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango. Retrieved February 7, 2019.
  16. ^ Ang Lee talks about his movie "Eat Drink Man Woman", retrieved June 14, 2021
  17. ^ "万方数据知识服务平台". d.wanfangdata.com.cn. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-9639.2007.04.005. Retrieved June 14, 2021.
  18. ^ Eat Drink Man Woman at Box Office Mojo
  19. ^ "The Year In Pictures". Variety. January 9, 1995. p. 8.
  20. ^ Tortilla Soup (2001), retrieved June 14, 2021
  21. ^ Ho, Yi (March 23, 2012). "Movie review: Joyful Reunion (飲食男女— 好遠又好近)".
  22. ^ "Eat Drink Man Woman, the musical - Programs | National Kaohsiung Center for the Arts (Weiwuying)". www.npac-weiwuying.org. Retrieved June 14, 2021.
  23. ^ Schwartz, Susan E. (November 29, 2020), "Idealization of father – a tomb of illusion", The Absent Father Effect on Daughters, 1 Edition. | New York: Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, pp. 110–116, ISBN 978-0-429-34372-8, retrieved June 14, 2021CS1 maint: location (link)
  24. ^ Denerstein, Robert (January 1, 1995). "Perhaps It Was Best to Simply Fade to Black". Rocky Mountain News (Final ed.). p. 61A.
  25. ^ Berardinelli, James (January 2, 1995). "Rewinding 1994 -- The Year in Film". ReelViews. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  26. ^ Clark, Mike (December 28, 1994). "Scoring with true life, 'True Lies' and 'Fiction.'". USA Today (Final ed.). p. 5D.
  27. ^ Zoller Seitz, Matt (January 12, 1995). "Personal best From a year full of startling and memorable movies, here are our favorites". Dallas Observer.
  28. ^ Arnold, William (December 30, 1994). "'94 Movies: Best and Worst". Seattle Post-Intelligencer (Final ed.). p. 20.
  29. ^ Simon, Jeff (January 1, 1995). "Movies: Once More, with Feeling". The Buffalo News. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  30. ^ Mayo, Mike (December 30, 1994). "The Hits and Misses at the Movies in '94". The Roanoke Times (Metro ed.). p. 1.
  31. ^ "The Year's Best". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. December 25, 1994. p. K/1.
  32. ^ King, Dennis (December 25, 1994). "SCREEN SAVERS In a Year of Faulty Epics, The Oddest Little Movies Made The Biggest Impact". Tulsa World (Final Home ed.). p. E1.
  33. ^ Meyer, George (December 30, 1994). "The Year of the Middling Movie". The Ledger. p. 6TO.
  34. ^ Carlton, Bob (December 29, 1994). "It Was a Good Year at Movies". The Birmingham News. p. 12-01.
  35. ^ Maslin, Janet (December 27, 1994). "CRITIC'S NOTEBOOK; The Good, Bad and In-Between In a Year of Surprises on Film". The New York Times. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  36. ^ P. Means, Sean (January 1, 1995). "'Pulp and Circumstance' After the Rise of Quentin Tarantino, Hollywood Would Never Be the Same". The Salt Lake Tribune (Final ed.). p. E1.
  37. ^ MacCambridge, Michael (December 22, 1994). "it's a LOVE-HATE thing". Austin American-Statesman (Final ed.). p. 38.
  38. ^ Pickle, Betsy (December 30, 1994). "Searching for the Top 10... Whenever They May Be". Knoxville News-Sentinel. p. 3.
  39. ^ Dudek, Duane (December 30, 1994). "1994 was a year of slim pickings". Milwaukee Sentinel. p. 3.
  40. ^ "The 100 Greatest Foreign Language Films". bbc. October 29, 2018. Retrieved January 10, 2021.
  41. ^ "Awards for Eat Drink Man Woman". Internet Movie Database. Retrieved February 28, 2012.

External links[]

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