Edmonton Transit Service

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Edmonton Transit Service (ETS)
Edmonton Transit System logo.svg
ETS Bus Route 1 Capilano.jpg
ParentCity of Edmonton
Founded1908
HeadquartersEdmonton, Alberta
LocalePO Box 2610, Stn. Main Edmonton, AB
Service areaEdmonton, Alberta
Service typePublic Transit
AllianceEdmonton Metropolitan Transit Services Commission
Routes191 bus[1][needs update]
2 LRT
Stops7,456[1]
Hubs26[2]
Stations18 (LRT)[2]
Fleet932 buses (as of 2018)
94 light rail vehicles
100 DATS vehicles[1]
Daily ridership397,402 (weekday)[3]
Fuel typeBus: diesel, electric
LRT: electric
OperatorCity of Edmonton
Chief executiveEddie Robar (Manager)
WebsiteOfficial website

The Edmonton Transit Service (ETS) (previously known as Edmonton Transit System) is the public transit service owned and operated by the City of Edmonton in Alberta, Canada. It operates Edmonton's bus and light rail systems.

History[]

Edmonton Transit Service began operations on 30 October 1908, under the name Edmonton Radial Railway (ERR), and alternatively as the Edmonton Radial Tramway.[4] Also in 1908, ERR acquired the Strathcona Radial Tramway Company Limited, and also began servicing the villages of North Edmonton and Calder.[4] The transit service's name was changed to Edmonton Transportation Service in July 1946, but just a year later it was re-named to Edmonton Transit System.[4] The service was re-named to Edmonton Transit Service in 2016.[4]

Former systems[]

Trolley bus system[]

ETS trolley bus
Main article: Trolley buses in Edmonton

Trolley bus service in Edmonton started on 24 September 1939, operating on route 5 from 101 St/Jasper Ave to 95 St/111 Ave. By the end of October of that year, service had started on another route running to 99 St/Whyte Ave via the Low Level Bridge. In Edmonton, trolley buses were often referred to simply as "trolleys".

The trolley bus system used a mixture of Ohio Brass and K&M Elastic (Swiss) suspension for holding up the overhead wires.

The 47 vehicles remaining in use in 2008 were from an order of 100 manufactured in 1981-2 by Brown Boveri & Company (BBC), using bodies and chassis supplied to BBC by GM.[citation needed]

On 18 June 2008, city council voted 7 to 6 in favour of phasing out the trolley system between 2009 and 2010.[5] However, city council decided in April 2009 that trolley bus service would be discontinued earlier than had been planned, in order to reduce the city's expected $35 million deficit that year.[6] The last day of regular service was 2 May 2009.[7]

In 2008, the city leased a low-floor model of trolley from Coast Mountain Bus Company, Vancouver's bus operating company, for testing of possible benefits of low-floor trolleys over hybrid diesel buses. During its time in Edmonton the bus was numbered 6000, but was returned to its original #2242 when returned to Vancouver.[8]

Streetcars[]

Main article: Edmonton Radial Railway

Edmonton operated streetcars from 1908 to 1951, some of which are now owned by the Edmonton Radial Railway Society.

Service[]

A Siemens SD-160 arriving at Stadium Station

ETS provides bus and light-rail transit services within the City of Edmonton limits, in addition to Fort Saskatchewan, Spruce Grove, Beaumont, and the Edmonton Garrison at Namao. It also provides connections to St. Albert Transit (StAT), Fort Sask Transit, and Strathcona County Transit. ETS provides service to the Edmonton International Airport, while Leduc Transit provides bus service to Leduc.

ETS uses the timed-transfer system, where suburban feeder routes run to a transit centre, and passengers can then transfer to a base route/LRT to the city centre or the university. Some feeder routes provide direct express service to and from the city centre.

Routes[]

LRT[]

Main article: Edmonton Light Rail Transit
Map of the Edmonton LRT Network

ETS operates a 20.5 km light rail system composed of eighteen stations in two lines.[9] The Capital Line runs roughly north–south, between Clareview station in northeast Edmonton and the Century Park station on the south side, with a mix of tunnels and at-grade track. Six stations are underground, while the remaining nine are at-grade with surface road crossings.[9] The Metro Line shares track with the Capital Line in some sections, and services the central and north-central area of the city.[10] The Metro Line is currently being extended to the community of Blatchford.

ETS operates two different models of light rail vehicles (LRV): The Siemens–Duewag U-2, which started service when the original line opened in 1978, and the Siemens SD-160, which began operation in 2008.[11][12] A third LRV model, the Bombardier/Alstom Flexity Freedom, is currently undergoing testing for operation on the upcoming Valley Line.[13]

Bus[]

Main article: List of Edmonton Transit Service bus routes

A redesigned bus network that affected almost every Edmonton Transit bus route began on April 25, 2021. This redesigned bus network was originally scheduled to be implemented on August 30, 2020, but was postponed until April 25, 2021, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, to save approximately $3.7 million and defer tax increases for residents.[14][15]

The City of Edmonton began completely redesigning its bus route network in 2017, with the aim of making it run more efficiently. Two rounds of public consultations were held at various locations around the city, and online surveys collected feedback from riders. The public engagements identified that transit riders would rather have to walk further to get to higher frequency routes, opposed to more routes operating less frequently. The city released a final draft of the new bus system in 2018, which cut back on routes with low ridership, and increased frequency in high traffic areas. After the redesign, all routes were renumbered to make the system easier to navigate. New signage and materials was created to assist in wayfinding. No change to fares has been announced, but the Manager of ETS has stated that ETS could switch to a distance-based system, where fees are based on how far a rider travels.[16]

Late Night Owl Service[]

A ETS bus on night owl route 512 Downtown, providing late night service for northern sections of the Capital Line. ETS currently provides this service with route 2-OWL.

Night service began on 6 September 2015, on routes 1, 4, 8, 9, and 512.[17] Upon launch of the 2021 Bus network redesign, Owl routes are as follows: 2, 4, 8, 9, and 510X. These buses operate on 30-minute headways until approximately 3:30 or 4 AM. Morning service then resumes around 5:00 AM. 2-OWL acts as a late night replacement for northern sections of the Capital Line (operating after the LRT shuts down for the night) from Clareview to Downtown. [17] 9-OWL acts as a late night replacement for southern sections of the Capital Line. Upon completion of the Valley Line Southeast, route 510X will replace LRT service between Downtown and Mill Woods Transit Centre.

Transit centres[]

Capilano Transit Centre in 2019.

Transit Centres in Edmonton serve as hubs which allow people to transfer bus routes or onto the LRT system. These hubs typically have a heated shelter, and have multiple bus bays to accommodate many buses at a time.

  • Abbottsfield Transit Centre
  • Belvedere Transit Centre*
  • Capilano Transit Centre
  • Castle Downs Transit Centre
  • Century Park Transit Centre*
  • Clareview Transit Centre*
  • Coliseum Transit Centre*
  • Eaux Claires Transit Centre
  • Government Centre Transit Centre*
  • Heritage Valley Transit Centre
  • Jasper Place Transit Centre
  • Kingsway/Royal Alex Transit Centre*
  • Lakewood Transit Centre†
  • Leger Transit Centre
  • Lewis Farms Transit Centre
  • Meadowlark Transit Centre†
  • Meadows Transit Centre
  • Millgate Transit Centre
  • Mill Woods Transit Centre
  • Northgate Transit Centre
  • South Campus/Fort Edmonton Park Transit Centre*
  • Southgate Transit Centre*
  • Stadium Transit Centre*
  • University Transit Centre*
  • West Edmonton Mall Transit Centre
  • Westmount Transit Centre

(* Transit Centre at LRT station)
(† As of April 25, 2021, does not have Transit Centre status)

Bus fleet[]

ETS operates an entire fleet of accessible low floor buses,[18] which have been progressively introduced into the system since 1993. These include the 858 40-foot (12 m) New Flyer D40LF/D40LFR/XD40, 33 60-foot (18 m) New Flyer D60LFR/XD60 articulated models, 40 40-foot Proterra ZX5 models, and 49 Grande West Vicinity B30A models.

Hybrid and electric buses[]

Further information: Hybrid electric bus

The City of Edmonton embarked on an eight-month evaluation of 13 clean-diesel and hybrid buses (and a new trolley bus) in 2008. Edmonton Transit's first two diesel electric hybrid buses went into service in December 2006.[19] The unique design and colour scheme of the two Orion low floor buses have been chosen to enable them to 'stand out' from the rest of the ETS fleet. The buses were part of an extensive test of hybrid technology that Edmonton Transit and the University of Alberta conducted over a year. Bus reliability, performance, maintenance costs, fuel efficiency, noise generation and environmental impact were monitored and evaluated in all weather and road conditions. As well, customers were surveyed about their travel experience. Ultimately, the Hybrid buses only recorded fuel savings of 10-20% (in contrast to the 35% touted in the internal ads). In addition, the ISE-New Flyer hybrids (6003 and 6004) were out of service so much that they could not be included in the evaluation.

As of fall 2009, only the two Orion hybrids were in service. New Flyer/ISE hybrids 6003 and 6004 have since been converted to diesel buses as of 2011. New Flyer/Allison 6002 was revamped with new features and technology to become the ETS Platinum Bus, also referred to as the "Painted Lady".[20]

In Spring 2014, ETS unveiled a full electric bus for a four-month pilot program through October 2014. The buses were referred to as "ETS Stealth Buses" and were on lease from Build Your Dreams (BYD) Co. Ltd.. The buses did not have a fare box, but instead were accepting customer surveys about electric buses as fare.[21] Even without fare capacity the buses were placed on several different routes around the city to give many Edmontonians the ability to experience the new exhaust-less bus. These test buses were not winterized.

In 2019, Edmonton received funding to purchase 50 Proterra ZX5 40' E2 MAX electric buses, but this has since been reduced to 40 electric buses – one of the largest purchases of electric buses in Canadian history.[22][23] The first 21 buses started service in August 2020, with the second batch of 19 buses being scheduled to arrive in the fall of 2020.[23] The buses are charged from overhead charging units to save floor space in the bus garages, and it is the first transit service in North America to use such infrastructure for its buses.[24][25] ETS conducted winter-testing of this bus model in 2015, and found that these buses could handle most of their routes.[23] The buses are housed at the Centennial Garage and the Kathleen Andrews transit garage; the latter being the main hub for Edmonton's electric buses.[26]

Smart bus[]

A new feature on ETS, Smart buses have since July 2013, seen operating on several routes, the trial routes were 111 which went from West Edmonton Mall to Downtown and 128 which went from Castle Downs to University, This system respectively used 45 buses. As of November 2014, there were 22 routes equipped.[27][28][29][30][31] Real time bus arrival information on personal computers and mobile data is branded together as ETS LIVE and a mobile app, ETS Live to Go, has been released.[27] The buses equipped possess automatic audio visual stop announcers of the next bus stop described by its nearest intersection, a computer aided dispatch which informs the control centre where a bus is, as well as monitor incidents. Mobile data terminals inform the drivers as to if they are late or not. The buses equipped have internal covert cameras to monitor safety.[32][33] City council has approved funding for Smartbus deployment on all bus routes as of 2019 and 2020.[34] All buses in the ETS fleet were fully equipped with Smart bus technology by September 4, 2016; earlier than initially planned.[35]

Fares[]

General fares[]

The table below lists fares as of 1 February 2020.[36][37] ETS currently only accepts cash for fare payments made on buses and at LRT stations.

Youth (24 and Under) Adult (25-64) Senior (65+)
Cash $3.50
10 Ticket Pack $19 $27 $19
Monthly Pass $75 $97 $34
Day Pass $10.25
Annual Pass N/A N/A $374

Children 12 and under ride free with a fare paying adult (otherwise they must have a valid youth fare). Day passes provide unlimited travel for up to five people (maximum 2 adults over 24).[38]

ETS provides several discounts for students and the disadvantaged:

  • Low income seniors can get a free annual pass.[39]
  • Qualified low-income adults can purchase a bus pass for $34–48.50.[40]
  • Public school and Catholic school students can purchase monthly passes from their schools at a subsidized rate.
  • Post-secondary students at approved post-secondary institutions may purchase a monthly pass at a discounted rate.[41]
  • Since 1 September 2007, ETS has partnered with the University of Alberta, NorQuest College, Northern Alberta Institute of Technology and MacEwan University to provide students with a Universal Transit Pass (U-Pass), allowing unlimited access to Fort Sask Transit, St Albert Transit, Strathcona County Transit and ETS bus and light rail systems for a single (four month) school term. As of 2013, University of Alberta students pay $145 after a $25 subsidy from the University of Alberta while NorQuest College, NAIT and MacEwan University students pay the full $170[42][43][44][45]

Commuter and regional service fares[]

Some routes have different fare structures due to the distance they cover or because they enter different municipalities outside of Edmonton.

Spruce Grove[]

Spruce Grove Transit bus on route 560 to Spruce Grove

Fares effective 1 January 2019 for commuter routes 560, 561, and 562 to Spruce Grove and Acheson:[46]

Routes 560, 561, and 562 Local within Spruce Grove Routes 560, 561, and 562 To/From Edmonton Routes 560, 561, and 562 + ETS Transferability
Ages 5 and Under (with a paid passenger) Free
Cash Fare (Ages 6+) $3 $6.25 N/A
10 Ticket Pack N/A $56 N/A
Monthly Pass (Ages 18+) N/A $135 $197
Monthly Pass (Ages 6–17 or Student) N/A $100 N/A

No additional fare for U-Pass holders.

Fort Saskatchewan[]

An ETS bus on route 580, at the Fort Sask Transit Park and Ride

Fares effective 1 January 2021 for commuter route 580 to Fort Saskatchewan:[47]

Route 580 Local within Fort Saskatchewan Route 580 To/From Edmonton Route 580 + ETS Transferability
Ages 12 and Under (with a paid passenger) Free
Ages 12 and Under (without a paid passenger) $2 $2 N/A
Cash Fare (Ages 18+) $2.50 $5 N/A
Cash Fare (Ages 13–17, 65+) $2.00 $4 N/A
10 Ticket Pack (Ages 18+) $22.50 $45 N/A
10 Ticket Pack (Ages 13–17, 65+) $16 $32 N/A
Monthly Pass (Ages 18+) $52.50 $83 $180
Monthly Pass (Ages 13–17) $22 $37.50 $112.50
Monthly Pass (Ages 65+) $22 $37.50 $71.50

U-Pass holders pay no additional fare. Low income riders qualify for additional discounts under the "Everyone Rides Program".

Beaumont[]

Beaumont Transit bus on route 540 to Beaumont

Fares effective 1 October 2017 for route 540 to Beaumont:[48]

Student Adult (13-64) Senior (65+)
Cash $5
10 Ticket Pack $45
Monthly Pass $78 $85 $78

Children under 12 ride free (with an accompanying fare-paying passenger). Beaumont tickets, passes and transfers cannot be used on regular ETS services. The U-Pass is not accepted on route 540, however the option is being considered for the future.[48]

Edmonton International Airport[]

ETS bus on route 747 to the Edmonton International Airport.

Fares for route 747 to the Edmonton International Airport, effective 14 May 2018:[49]

  • One way trip: $5 or two adult ETS tickets
  • Monthly pass (with no transferability to regular ETS service): $90

No additional fare for holders of a UPass, Leduc Commuter-Plus pass, or Leduc route 10 to route 747 transfer

One way fare reduced back to $5 on 1 May 2018 (after it rose to $10 on 1 February 2018), when an increase in joint funding from the City of Leduc, Leduc County, and the Edmonton International Airport was agreed upon.[50]

Sherwood Park[]

Some Strathcona County Transit tickets/passes/transfers are valid on ETS and vice versa. These are the details effective 1 February 2018:[51]

  • Sherwood Park Commuter tickets/passes/transfers are valid for use on ETS
    • These are special tickets/passes/transfers purchased for or obtained from Sherwood Park commuter routes
  • ETS tickets are valid on Sherwood Park commuter services for an additional $2 and on sherwood park local services for an additional $1
    • Tickets for use solely on route 747 are not valid on SCT
  • ETS monthly passes (excluding the seniors pass and courtesy pass) and day passes are valid on all Sherwood Park services for an additional $1
    • Passes for use solely on route 747 are not valid on SCT

St. Albert[]

Some ETS tickets/passes/transfers are valid on StAT and vice versa:[52]

  • ETS monthly passes (excluding the seniors pass and courtesy pass) are valid on all St. Albert services for an additional $1
  • ETS tickets and transfers are valid on commuter St. Albert services for an additional $2
    • Only valid on commuter routes between Edmonton & St. Albert
  • StAT commuter tickets/passes/transfers are valid on ETS (local versions are not valid)[53]

Security[]

Edmonton Transit Peace Officer Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptor

In May 2007, Edmonton Transit Security were appointed Peace Officers under the Alberta Peace Officer Act. Transit Peace Officers can issue tickets for Provincial Statutes and Edmonton bylaws on Transit property. Transit Peace Officers actively promote order maintenance, disorder prevention and voluntary compliance with social norms surrounding acceptable transit use.[54] Transit Peace Officers use Ford Taurus police interceptors and Dodge Charger interceptors as their primary transportation, but are also seen riding the LRT enforcing bylaws. They patrol in uniform on ETS vehicles and property which include buses, LRT and transit stations 24 hours/day, 7 days/week.[55] The Transit Peace Officer Bike Patrol is also active during suitable weather conditions from spring until fall. The Bike Patrol can access certain areas better than a vehicle, such as bike paths along LRT tracks or areas congested by traffic and/or special events.[55] Transit Peace Officers are authorized to enforce municipal bylaws and have powers and authority under several provincial acts.[55]

In November 2018 Edmonton Transit added 24/7, onsite contract security guards to augment and assist the Peace Officers and Edmonton Police. The main focus of the contract security guards are to focus on high visibility patrols and observing and reporting security issues for the Transit Peace Officers or Edmonton police to attend. The contract security guards interact with the public and work closely with Transit Peace Officers and Edmonton police.[56]

Facilities[]

  • Centennial Garage – bus facility: historic fleet storage; opened 24 April 2010[57]
  • D.L. MacDonald Yard – LRT storage and repair facility; opened 1983
  • Ferrier Garage – bus facility; formerly trolley bus barn
  • Gerry Wright Operations and Maintenance Facility - LRT storage and repair facility
  • Kathleen Andrews Garage – bus facility; opened 9 February 2020[58]
  • Mitchell Garage – bus facility; formerly trolley bus barn; opened 7 April 1981[59]
  • Paterson Garage – bus garage; bus disposal facility
  • Percy Wickman Garage – Disabled Adult Transit Service (DATS) facility

Former[]

Plans[]

Edmonton Metropolitan Transit Services Commission[]

Further information: Edmonton Metropolitan Transit Services Commission

The city of Edmonton began exploring the development of a regional transit services commission in 2017.[60] In February 2020, Edmonton city council voted to join twelve other municipalities to investigate the potential for a regional transit services commission (RTSC).[60] Edmonton and eight other regional municipalities, including Fort Saskatchewan, Leduc, Spruce Grove, and St. Albert, formally submitted an application to the provincial government to establish the Edmonton Metropolitan Transit Services Commission in June 2020.[61] Their proposal had to be altered after four municipalities, including Leduc County and Strathcona County, withdrew from the project.[61]

The formation of the EMTSC was approved by the Alberta government on 28 January, 2021.[62] A board of elected representatives from each member community is conducting the initial setup of the commission, and working with the commission's inaugural CEO to develop its operational and planning capabilities. The EMTSC will begin service in mid-late 2022.[63] Edmonton's local transit services and LRT network will not be transferred to the commission at first, due to their size and operational costs.[64] The commission's board will re-consider the inclusion of Edmonton's LRT network five years after the commission is formally stood up.[64]

Arc card[]

Further information: Arc card

Edmonton first approved funding for a SmartFare program in 2015.[65] It will allow riders to pay their fares by tapping fare cards when boarding and leaving buses, and riders will eventually be able to pay by tapping their bank cards.[66] Fort Saskatchewan, St. Albert, and Strathcona County are among the other communities which plan to take part in this system.[66] This new system was set to launch in early 2021, but its rollout was delayed by the closure of the Canada-United States border during the COVID-19 pandemic.[67]

On 8 June 2021, it was announced that the SmartFare payment system will be branded as Arc.[68] A website – myarc.ca – and a call centre will be launched in summer 2021 to provide information and answer questions regarding the new payment system.[69] The pilot test will also start in the summer, with the first phase consisting of up to 600 regular fare users in Edmonton, St. Albert, and Strathcona County.[69] The pilot will expand region-wide to all adult fare users, u-pass users, and transit staff in fall 2021.[68] The final portion of the pilot will commence in 2022, and expand Arc eligibility to seniors, youth, junior high and senior high students, customers who purchase low-income passes, DATS riders, and users of regional paratransit services.[69]

Fare vending machines which sell Arc cards and Arc tickets will be installed at major locations in the region, including all Edmonton LRT stations and the Edmonton International Airport.[69] The machines will accept cash, debit, and credit cards, and riders can also add money to their account balances online.[69] Each rider's balance is stored on their account, rather than on the Arc cards or Arc tickets themselves.[70] Arc cards will include daily and monthly fare-capping; frequent riders who reach a fare threshold will ride for the remainder of that period for free of charge.[70] Arc tickets work similarly to Arc cards, but will be one-time use only.[69] Once the Arc program launches, riders will still be able to pay their fare with cash, paper passes and tickets.[68]

Metro LRT[]

Construction on phase one of the Metro Line extension, which includes a permanent NAIT station and station for the Blatchford community on the old City Centre Airport property, started in mid-2020.[71] NAIT station current is located north of Princess Elizabeth Avenue, on the south side of the institute's swimming pool and hockey arena (S) wing.

Valley Line[]

The Churchill connector, which connects the Valley Line and future above-ground lines to the Churchill LRT station, under construction
Main article: Valley Line (Edmonton)

The Valley Line will run for 27 kilometres (17 mi) from Mill Woods through downtown Edmonton to Lewis Farms, with 25 stops. The 11-station segment from Mill Woods to 102 Street in downtown, known as "Valley Line Southeast", will be constructed first, beginning in 2016 and finishing by 2021.[72] Construction for phase two of the project, dubbed "Valley Line West", is expected to start in 2021.[73] Preparation work for the second phase, including property surveys, utility relocation, and land acquisition, is already underway.[74] Unlike the existing LRT, the Valley Line will run primarily at grade in the centre median of city streets, connecting to the Capital and Metro lines at Churchill station.[75] The line will cost $1.8 billion, with $800 million coming from the City of Edmonton, $600 million from Alberta, and $400 million from the federal government. A public–private partnership was established between the City of Edmonton and a private contractor to build and operate the east portion of the line.[76]

Long-range LRT plans[]

City council in the past has looked at creating long range transportation plans that include the LRT reaching St. Albert to the northwest, Lewis Estates in the west (with West Edmonton Mall en route), the Edmonton International Airport and Leduc to the south, Mill Woods in the southeast, and Fort Saskatchewan to the northeast.

See also[]

References[]

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