Emba Hunutlu power station
| Emba Hunutlu power station | |
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| Coordinates | 36°48′58″N 35°51′17″E / 36.81609°N 35.85481°ECoordinates: 36°48′58″N 35°51′17″E / 36.81609°N 35.85481°E |
| Status | Under construction |
| Construction began |
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| Thermal power station | |
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| External links | |
| Website | embapower |
Emba Hunutlu power station is a 1320 MW coal fired power station in Turkey under construction[1] in Adana Province,[2][3] which is being opposed by many environmental organisations.[4][5]
History[]
The project was proposed in 2012.[6] In 2015 it was licensed, despite environmental protests,[6] and Shanghai Electric Power said it would be China's largest ever direct investment in Turkey.[7]
In April 2019 a Belt and Road Initiative deal was signed to build the 1320 MW power station[3] and construction started in September.[1] It is also part of Turkey's Middle Corridor.[8]
Ownership[]
The project is a joint venture between Shanghai Electric Power (a subsidiary of China's State Power Investment Corporation), Avic-Intl Project Engineering Company, and two Turkish local investors,[2] with Shanghai Electric Power holding just over half the shares.[9]
Finance[]
The finance is 20% capital[10] and the rest a 15-year $1.381 billion loan from China Development Bank, Bank of China and Industrial and Commercial Bank of China.[3][11]
Subsidies[]
By 2020, according to Carbon Tracker, both new wind and solar power were cheaper than building new coal power plants; and they forecast that wind would become cheaper than existing coal plants in 2027, and solar in 2023: so they say that constructing the plant is a waste of money.[12] However the company benefited from value-added tax exemptions of almost 3.5 billion lira[13] in 2016.[14] WWF say it will make a loss.[15]
Construction[]
Test piles have been constructed[16] and in April 2019 Shanghai Electric Power said that "the successful signing of the facility agreement indicates that the project construction will enter into a fast-growth period".[3] However construction of the coal silos was delayed.[17]
Employment[]
The company says it will employ 4000 people in construction and 500 in operation.[2]
Design and specification[]
The thermal power station would have 2x660 MW Ultra Super critical units with steam pressure of 27 MPa and reheat steam temperature of 600°C.[2]
Coal supply[]
Imported coal is stored in 3 large sea side silos,[18] and the plant can also run on local coal.[19]
Electricity generation[]
Efficiency[]
The design is for gross efficiency up to 46% with a gross coal consumption rate less than 270 g/kWh (7000 kcal/kg LHV standard coal).[2]
Cooling system[]
The plant would be cooled by water from Iskenderun Bay.
Waste products[]
Local air pollution control[]
Nitrogen Oxides[]
The selective catalytic reduction is designed to be more than 70% efficient, and according to the company will reduce NOx emissions to less than 100mg/Nm3.[2]
Sulfur Dioxide and Dust[]
The design is for a combination of electrostatic precipitators, flue-gas desulfurization and wet scrubbers to reduce dust emissions to less than 5mg/Nm3.[2]
Mercury[]
Mercury was not mentioned in the Environmental Impact Assessment but has been estimated at 175.5 kg/year.[20]
Health Impacts[]
It has been estimated that air pollution from the power station would cause an extra 50 early deaths per year.[20]
Environmental effects[]
An expert report in 2020 concluded that the plant would be contrary to the İskenderun Bay (Adana-Mersin-Hatay) Integrated Coastal Areas Plan's principles,[21] and opponents say it contravenes the Biodiversity Convention. [22]
Water[]
According to WWF-Turkey the project threatens the loggerhead sea turtles and green sea turtles which nest on nearby Sugözü Beach. Quoting the project environmental impact assessment as saying that the outgoing cooling water will be 7°C higher than the sea water, they say temperatures could exceed 35°C in summer and be fatal to the turtles.[23] Coal shipments and delivery might also disturb the turtles.[24]
Dust[]
As of 2019 Turkey has no legal limit on fine particulate (PM2.5) emissions. The Health and Environment Alliance say that TurkStat figures show respiratory diseases have already increased in Adana Province, and that could be due to other coal-fired power stations.[23]
Greenhouse gases[]
Shanghai Electric Power Company says it is "sustainable power generation"[25] but the power station will increase Turkey's greenhouse gas emissions: if operational according to its design capacity factor and lifetime it will emit over 200 million tonnes of carbon dioxide.[24]
Opposition[]
TEMA Foundation filed a lawsuit in 2017[26] and in 2018 several other organisations under the grouping of Doğu Akdeniz Çevre Platformu (East Mediterranean Environment Platform) were in ongoing legal action in Ankara.[27]
See also[]
- Energy policy of Turkey
- List of power stations in Turkey
- Electricity sector in Turkey
References[]
- ^ Jump up to: a b "China's power plant project with direct investment in Turkey starts construction". www.xinhuanet.com. Retrieved 2019-09-25.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "EMBA Electricity Production Co. Inc". EMBA Elektrik Üretim A.Ş. Retrieved 8 May 2019.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d "SEP Completes Facility Agreement Signing for Turkey Hunutlu Thermal Power Plant Project under Belt and Road Initiative". Shanghai Electric Power. Retrieved 6 May 2019.
- ^ "Chinese private company wants to build a coal power plant on protected beach in Iskenderun Bay, Turkey". Health and Environment Alliance. Retrieved 6 May 2019.
- ^ "China's Banks Asked to Stop Funding Turkey's Coal Industry". www.bloomberg.com. 10 June 2020. Retrieved 2020-06-12.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "EMBA Hunutlu power station". Global Energy Monitor. Retrieved 11 May 2021.
- ^ "SEP Turkey Hunutlu Coal-fired Power Project Ratified". Shanghai Electric Power. 9 July 2015.
- ^ "A Chinese coal plant highlights Turkey's flawed energy policy". China Dialogue. 2020-09-03. Retrieved 2020-09-04.
- ^ "Emba Hunutlu coal power plant". BankTrack. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
- ^ "Tendering Notice" (PDF). Emba. 26 September 2016.
- ^ "SEP Completes Facility Agreement Signing for Turkey Hunutlu Thermal Power Plant Project under Belt and Road Initiative". www.shanghaipower.com. Retrieved 2020-04-02.
- ^ "WIND VS COAL POWER IN TURKEY/SOLAR PV VS COAL IN TURKEY" (PDF). Carbon Tracker. 2020.
- ^ "Thermal power plant worth $1.7B to be established in Adana". Daily Sabah. 26 October 2017.
- ^ "Coal & Climate Change - 2017," Önder Algedik, Aug 2017
- ^ Yenilenebilir Enerji Çağında Kömürün Fizibilitesi: Hunutlu Termik Santrali Örneği [The Feasibility of Coal in the Age of Renewable Energy: The Case of Hunutlu Thermal Power Plant]. www.wwf.org.tr (Report) (in Turkish). Retrieved 2021-05-28.
- ^ "Adana Emba Hunutlu Thermal Power Plant Project". HNMZemin. Retrieved 8 May 2019.
- ^ "ESI to Engineer Three 100,000m³ Coal Silos for EMBA Hunutlu Plant". Power Technology | Energy News and Market Analysis. Retrieved 2019-09-01.
- ^ "ESI to Engineer Three 100,000m³ Coal Silos for EMBA Hunutlu Plant". Power Technology | Energy News and Market Analysis. Retrieved 2019-07-14.
- ^ "Are Turkish environmental groups alone in criticizing the Beijing-Ankara economic integration?". Global Voices. 2021-08-11. Retrieved 2021-08-14.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Myllyvirta, Lauri (2020). Air Quality and Health Impacts of the Proposed EMBA Hunutlu Coal Power Project (PDF) (Report).
- ^ "Emba Hunutlu coal power plant". Banktrack. Retrieved 2020-04-02.
- ^ "Coal-Fired Plant in Adana May Cause 2,000 more Premature Deaths, Environmentalists Warn".
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Çevrecilerden Hunutlu Termik tepkisi". Enerji Günlüğü. 26 April 2019.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Emba Hunutlu coal power plant -issues". BankTrack. Retrieved 8 May 2019.
- ^ "Work begins on $1.7bn, China-financed coal plant in Turkey - News - GCR". www.globalconstructionreview.com. Retrieved 2019-09-25.
- ^ "Davalar". TEMA Foundation. Retrieved 8 May 2019.
- ^ "Bilirkişiden ‘termik santral halk sağlığını bozar’ raporu" Hürriyet, January 28, 2018
External links[]
- Emba Hunutlu power station on Global Energy Monitor
- Banktrack and updates
- Plan additions and revisions (Turkish)
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Power stations projected or under construction in italics | |||||||||
- Coal-fired power stations in Turkey
- Buildings and structures in Adana
- Protests in Turkey
- Environmentalism in Turkey