Embraer E-Jet E2 family

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

E-Jet E2 family
E175-E2 / E190-E2 / E195-E2
Widerøe, LN-WEA, Embraer E190-E2 @ HEL.jpg
An E190-E2 of Widerøe, its launch operator
Role Narrow-body jet airliner
National origin Brazil
Manufacturer Embraer
First flight 23 May 2016[1]
Introduction 24 April 2018 with Widerøe[2]
Status In service
Primary users Helvetic Airways
Azul Brazilian Airlines
Binter Canarias
Air Astana
Produced 2013-present
Number built 1 E175-E2, 19 E190-E2 and 10 E195-E2 as of 6 November 2020[3]
Developed from Embraer E-Jet family

The Embraer E-Jet E2 family are medium-range jet airliners developed by Embraer, succeeding the original E-Jet. The program was launched at the Paris Air Show in 2013. The first variant, the E190-E2, took its first flight on 23 May 2016 and was certified on 28 February 2018 before entering service with Widerøe on 24 April.

The three twinjet variants share the same four-abreast narrow-body fuselage with different lengths and three different new wings, Pratt & Whitney PW1000G turbofans in two sizes, fly-by-wire controls with new avionics, and an updated cabin.

Development[]

In 2010, it appeared possible that Embraer could directly challenge the Bombardier CSeries (now A220) with a clean-sheet five-abreast design for 100 to 150 passengers. However, Airbus launched the A320neo in December 2010, including the 124-seat A319neo, and Boeing launched the re-engined 737 MAX the following year. Accordingly, Embraer continued to focus on large regional jets, and launched an extensive revamp of the E-Jet family at the November 2011 Dubai Air Show.[4]

The new variants would be better positioned to compete with the CSeries and would be powered by new engines with larger diameter fans that would offer improvements in specific fuel consumption, as well as slightly taller landing gear and possibly a new aluminum or carbon fiber-based wing. Embraer named this new development "the E-jets second generation".[5] The $1.7 billion program was launched at the Paris Air Show in 2013.[6][7]

Flight testing[]

An E190-E2 prototype, the E190-E2 made its maiden flight on 23 May 2016 and was type certificated on 28 February 2018.

The first E-Jet E2, an E190-E2, was rolled out on 25 February 2016 and made its maiden flight on 23 May in São José dos Campos. It flew for three hours and twenty minutes to Mach 0.82, climbed to 41,000 feet, retracted the landing gear and flaps, and engaged the fly-by-wire in normal mode. It flew earlier than the previously anticipated second half of 2016. The program had fewer challenges than expected and introduction was then planned in the first quarter of 2018. The airplane was slightly below expected weight and the other two E190-E2 prototypes should fly within a year.[1]

The second prototype made its maiden flight on 8 July 2016. The flight lasted 2 hr 55 min without any incidents. The first E-Jet E2 flew from Brazil to Farnborough Airshow just 45 days after its maiden flight, demonstrating maturity and confidence in the design.[8] In April 2017, as 650 hr of flight tests have been completed and the program is on schedule, Embraer wants to guarantee a 99% schedule reliability in the first year of service.[9]

Half of the flight testing was done by June 2017, the aerodynamics were better than predicted and the E190-E2 hot and high performance was better than expected.[10] The E195-E2's MTOW is increased to 61,500 kg (135,600 lb) and its range to 2,600 nmi (4,800 km).[11] In June 2017, the four E190-E2s and the single E195-E2 - which is presented at the 2017 Paris Air Show - have made more than 900 flight-test hours, mostly by the E190-E2s.[12] In July 2017, the five aircraft have flown 1,000 flight-test hours while the E190-E2 has accomplished 55% of its test campaign.[13]

In January 2018, 98% of the test campaign was done with 2,000 flight hours. Fuel burn is 17.3% lower than for the E190 up from 16% predicted, range increased by 750 nmi (1,390 km) from hot-and-high or short runways: 1,600 or 2,200 nmi (3,000 or 4,100 km) from Mexico City or London City, and noise margin to Stage 4 is 3 EPNdB better than specification at 20 EPNdB.[14]

The E190-E2 received its type certificate from the ANAC, FAA and EASA on 28 February 2018.[15] The first production engines for the larger variant were delivered in February 2019 and should deliver a 24% reduction in per-seat fuel burn compared with the E195.[16] The E195-E2 obtained its type certification in April 2019.[17]

Production[]

The E-Jet E2 competes with the Airbus A220 in the background

Inspired by the automotive industry, the same production line will be used to build the E190/195-E2 alongside the original E175/190/195 at a steady rate of eight aircraft per month by the end of 2018; production of the original E-Jet family should have slowed once assembly of the E175-E2 starts in 2021. This decision contrasts with Boeing's difficulties transitioning from the 747-400 to the 747-8 on a single assembly line, and its subsequent decision to introduce a new, separate assembly line for the 737 MAX.[18]

As Embraer transitions from its current E-jets to the upgraded E2, it was expecting to deliver 85-95 airliners in 2018 with a negative $150 million free cash flow, less than in 2017 with 78 deliveries in the first nine months with a cash outflow of $700 million: return to profitability will take at least three years once the program investment is reduced and the production ramp up is complete.[19]

E2s was to account for 10% of Embraer airliner deliveries in 2018 before rising in 2019. Embraer think Airbus will not be able to lower the A220 supply chain costs enough to make it profitable and view it as heavy, expensive and adapted to long, thin routes exceeding the range of the E2, whose operational capabilities will win a majority of the market share as commitments should follow certification and entry into service.[20] Embraer delivered 101 airliners in 2017, down from 162 in 2008, but targets delivering 14 E2 monthly or even 16 or 18. Hybrid stations can work on both the E1 and E2, and the production is more automated, moving to 90% automated drilling and riveting for the E2 wing.[21]

Introduction[]

A Widerøe E190-E2, the variant was introduced by the carrier on 24 April 2018.

After type certification, the first E190-E2 was delivered to launch operator Widerøe in April 2018, configured with 114-seat in single-class, followed by deliveries for Air Astana and Chinese GX Airlines. Before the aircraft were delivered, Embraer announced that some of the initial E-Jet E2s will need to be retrofitted due to the shorter life of the combustor in their Pratt & Whitney PW1900G engines. A business class is developed with a 2+2 staggered seat layout offering a seat pitch of up to 54 in (137 cm), available from mid-2019.[22]

Embraer targets a 99% dispatch reliability after 12 months and 99.5% after four years while the E1 took 10 years to achieve its targeted reliability.[21] On 4 April 2018, Widerøe took delivery of its first E190-E2 in Sao Jose dos Campos.[23] It was introduced between Bergen and Tromsø, Norway on 24 April 2018.[2] By June 2018, the first three E190-E2s delivered to Wideroe accumulated 413 flight hours and 332 cycles, an average of 6.57 cycles per day and an average stage length of 1.28 hr, with a 99.35% dispatch reliability and a 97.74% schedule reliability.[24] Widerøe had a dispatch reliability of 98.5% after its first year of operation.[25]

Boeing–Embraer joint venture[]

Main article: Boeing–Embraer joint venture

In December 2017, Boeing and Embraer were discussing a potential combination.[26] On July 5, 2018, Boeing and Embraer announced a Memorandum of Understanding to establish a joint venture, in which Boeing would hold an 80% stake, to produce and service Embraer's commercial airliners, including the E-Jet E2.[27] Aviation industry analysts noted that the deal would be good for both companies, as Boeing needed smaller aircraft, like the E-Jet and E-Jet E2 families, and Embraer needed the marketing power of a larger company as the E-Jet E2 family was selling slowly.[28]

On February 26, 2019, the partnership was approved by Embraer's shareholders,[29] and the new joint venture was waiting for regulatory approval. On April 24, 2020, Boeing terminated the deal, stating that Embraer did not satisfy the conditions of the agreement.[30] Embraer rejected Boeing's reasons, saying the company sought to avoid its commitments and said it would pursue "all remedies against Boeing for the damages incurred,"[31] which industry analysts believe may include damages for orders that were lost while customers were waiting for the deal to close.[32]

Design[]

An E195-E2 from below: high wing aspect ratio and single slotted flaps

Embraer targets 16 to 24% lower fuel burn and 15–25% lower maintenance cost per seat.[33] In the E190-E2, of the 17.3% better fuel burn, 11% comes from the geared turbofan, 4.8% from the improved aerodynamics of the new high aspect ratio wing and 1.5% from the fly-by-wire's 15% smaller tail surfaces.[34]

Over a 600 nmi (1,100 km) trip and with a US$72 fuel barrel, Embraer estimates a 97-seat E190-E2 trip cost is 7% lower for a 1% higher seat cost than a 106-seat A220-100, a 120-seat E195-E2 has a 2% higher trip cost but a 10% lower seat cost and 10% lower trip cost and 3% lower seat cost than a 129-seat A220-300; and while a 97-seat E190 had an 18% higher seat cost than a 150-seat A320 and a 23% lower trip cost, an E190-E2 has a 30% lower trip cost for an 8% higher seat cost than a 150-seat A320neo, while an E195-E2 has the same seat cost but 20% lower trip cost.[35] By October, Embraer raised its E190/E195-E2 seat or trip costs claim to roughly 10% better than the A220.[36]

Embraer E195-E2 prototype, seen from front, showing its Gull wing

Built on the first generation E-Jet, its wing is redesigned, and it introduces new pylons, landing gear, horizontal stabilizers, cabin, cabin air system, air cycle machine, bleed air system, and a new fly-by-wire system.[37] The switch to a composite wing was not yet justified economically for a similar shape, the less draggy flaps are single-slotted instead of the more complex double-slotted on the E1, and the engine pylon is shorter.[21] The raised, 11:1 aspect ratio gull-wing partially accommodate the 2.01m (79 in) diameter GTF, larger than the CF34 by 66 cm (26 in), while the trailing arm landing gear is taller for 23–25 cm (9.1–9.8 in) higher door sills, giving a 5 cm (2.0 in) lower nacelles than the E1.[34]

GE Aviation, Pratt & Whitney, and Rolls-Royce were all possible engine suppliers.[38] In January 2013, Embraer selected the Pratt & Whitney PW1000G Geared Turbofan engine as the exclusive powerplant.[39] Honeywell Primus Epic 2 was selected as the avionics package.[40] In 2014, was selected to produce main landing gear components for the E190/E195 E2.[41][importance?]

Moog Inc was selected to supply the Primary Flight Control System.[42] The E2 features a closed loop fly-by-wire control which reduces weight, increases fuel efficiency, enhances control and increases safety by full envelope protection in all flight phases compared to the first E-Jet.[43] The fuel savings of the now closed loop fly-by-wire control come from the enhanced flight stability and the resulting increased lift (lower tail downward force) and weight savings and drag reductions related to the 26% reduction in the horizontal tail (tailplane) size.[44] The wing structure was lightened by 200 kg (440 lb) thanks to FBW ailerons, also used when braking, avoiding larger wheels and brakes.[21] A 250 ft² horizontal stabilizer is sufficient from 280 ft² on the E190/195.[45]

The cabin side walls were replaced to gain 1 in (2.5 cm) on each side and new overhead bins are 3 in (7.6 cm) deeper.[21] Baggage bins are enlarged by 40%.[46][47]

Basic maintenance inspections will happen every 1,000 flight hours instead of 850 and the intermediate check interval grew to 10,000 flight-hours from 8,500.[14] The heavy-check downtime was reduced by 15% from the E1, no out-of-phase tasks are required, and control and corrosion prevention is required every eight years with 82 tasks down from 240.[48]

Operational history[]

On 3 December 2018, Air Astana received its first E190-E2 of an order of five, to replace nine E190LR used on domestic and regional routes since 2011.[49]

On 31 October 2019, Helvetic Airways became the fourth airline to take delivery of an E2 aircraft and the third (after Widerøe and Air Astana) to receive an E190-E2 aircraft, configured in a single-class layout with 110 seats.[50] On 1 November 2019, Helvetic Airways made their first revenue flight with the E190-E2. The inaugural flight, LX850, was a 623 km, 95-minute leg from Zürich to Bremen.[51]

On 21 November 2019, Binter Canarias became the fifth airline to take delivery of an E2 aircraft and the second (after Azul Brazilian Airlines) to receive an E195-E2 aircraft, configured in a single-class layout with 132 seats.[52] On 13 December 2019, Binter Canarias made their first revenue flight with the E195-E2, which was to depart from Gran Canaria at 11:35 and to arrive at Sal at 14:00.[53][54]

On 30 December 2019, Air Kiribati received its first E190-E2 of an order of two, becoming the fourth airline to take delivery of an E190-E2 aircraft. The airliner, configured in a two-class layout with 92 seats (12 business and 80 economy class), is to serve destinations throughout the vast expanse of Kiribati, including nonstop from Tarawa to Kiritimati (Christmas) Island (the current domestic flight from Tarawa to Kiritimati requires an international stopover in Fiji).[55]

Variants[]

E175-E2[]

The E175-E2 unit cost was US$46.8 million in 2013.[56] The E175-E2 (EMB 190-500) model in the 80-seat range is the smallest in the E-Jet Second Generation family. The E175-E2 will be extended by one seat row from the E175, by 0.6m and will seat up to 90 passengers. It was scheduled for first delivery in 2020 but entry into service is delayed by one year to 2021 as it will be over the scope clause weight limit as opposed to the current E175.[57]

By April 2019, the E175-E2 first prototype was under final assembly.[58] Roll-out is targeted for November and first flight before the end of 2019, for a 2021 entry into service if a customer is found.[59] The E175-E2 made its first takeoff on 12 December from São José dos Campos and flew for 2 hours and 18 minutes, starting a 24-month test and certification campaign that will involve two additional aircraft. Embraer has no orders in backlog for the variant, though the company hopes for strong demand from outside North America.[60] By April 2021, its service had been delayed until 2024.[61]

E190-E2[]

The E190-E2 keeps the original E190 36.24 m (119 ft) length and has a single overwing exit per side

The 22,000 lbf (98 kN) PW1900G has a 73 in (190 cm) fan for a 12:1 bypass ratio. The aluminum wing span increased to 33.7 m (110 ft) for the highest wing aspect ratio of any airliner, just over 11, while the larger E195-E2 has a longer wingtip and the smaller E175-E2 has a downsized wing. It was moved forward to shift the center of gravity envelope aft to reduce the horizontal stabilizer downforce, lowering fuel burn by 1.5%. The trailing link main landing gear has wheel doors to reduce fuel consumption by 1% and is 20 in (51 cm) taller to provide enough engine ground clearance. The E2 have 75% new parts, closed-loop controls fly-by-wire instead of the open-loop type in the E1 gaining improved maintenance intervals. For E1-rated pilots, the transition to the new type need 2.5 days with no full flight simulator, having similar Honeywell Primus Epic 2 avionics.[62] The E190-E2 (EMB 190-300) has a five metre wider wingspan but otherwise is close in size to the E190, with up to 114 seats in a single class configuration.[63][64][65][66][citation needed]

The E190-E2 unit cost was US$53.6 million in 2013.[56] Embraer had it certified on 28 February 2018.[15] Certification needed 46,000 test hours on ground and 2,200 in flight.[62] Due to better than expected fuel burn during tests, in January 2018 Embraer increased the range to 2,880 nmi (5,330 km), and Bombardier tried to implicate it in the CSeries dumping petition by Boeing as it could attain a 2,900 nmi range.[67] It entered service with Widerøe on 24 April 2018.[2] In 2018, a newly delivered E190-E2 is worth $34 million, $3 million more than the E190, falling to $20 million in seven years, a 40% decline to be compared with 30% projected for an A320neo over the same timeframe.[68]

E195-E2[]

The E195-E2 is 5.26 m (17.3 ft) longer than the E190-E2 and has dual overwing exits per side

The E195-E2 (EMB 190-400) will be extended by three seat rows from the E195 by 2.85 m (9.4 ft), and will accommodate up to 146 seats.

The E195-E2 unit cost was US$60.4 million in 2013.[56] In February 2016, Embraer announced that it had decided to increase the E195-E2's wingspan by 1.4 m (4.6 ft) for greater lift, along with a MTOW increase of 2 t (4,400 lb) to extend its range by 450 nmi (830 km) at sea-level starts, and 250 nmi (460 km) in hot and high conditions.[69][70]

The variant rolled out on 7 March 2017 and Azul was confirmed as its launch operator.[71] It first flew on 29 March 2017, ahead of the previously scheduled second half of the year.[72] Embraer showcased the prototype at the Paris Air Show in June 2017 and plan to enter service in the first half of 2019.[73]

By January 2019, the flight-test program preliminary results shows the E195-E2 could end up being a little above specifications at introduction.[74] It was certified on 15 April 2019, with a fuel burn 1.4% less than originally specified for 25.4% less per seat than the E195.[17] Binter Canarias should be its European launch customer, to enter service in late 2019.[75]

On 12 September 2019, Embraer delivered its first E195-E2 to Azul through lessor AerCap, configured with 136 seats in a single class.[76]

It competes with the Airbus A220-300.[77] With the lowest unit costs, the E195-E2 could open up a new market and spur strong demand, moving into mainline territory. Embraer claims E195 trip costs are 22% lower than a 154-seat A320neo and 24% below a 160-seat 737-8 - but airlines install more seats, widening seat costs further apart than the 6% and 8% quoted by Embraer.[21]

Orders and deliveries[]

E195-E2 of the KLM Cityhopper
Embraer E2-Jet deliveries and orders summary
Model Deliveries Firm Order Backlog
E175-E2 - -
E190-E2 17 5
E195-E2 26 157
Total 43 162

Source: Embraer's order book as of 31 March 2021[3]

Orders[]

The Embraer E-Jet E2 program was officially launched during the 50th International Paris Air Show held in June 2013, with SkyWest Airlines, a North American regional airline, and ILFC, a leasing company placing the first firm orders for the aircraft.[citation needed]

SkyWest was intended as the launch customer of the Embraer E175-E2, with the airline placing a firm order for 100 aircraft, with purchase rights for another 100, an order valued at US$9.36 billion at list price,[78] although airlines routinely receive deep discounts from the list price of planes. Order canceled Q3-2018.[citation needed]

ILFC is the launch customer for the Embraer E190-E2 and E195-E2, with the leasing company placing a firm order for 25 E190-E2 aircraft and 25 E195-E2 aircraft, with purchase rights for another 25 of each type.[79] ILFC was purchased by AerCap in May 2014.[80]

Embraer E-Jets E2 firm orders[81]
Initial order Country Customer E175-E2 E190-E2 E195-E2 Order total
17 July 2013[82] Ireland AerCap - 5 45 50
17 July 2014[83] China ICBC - - 10 10
21 May 2015[84] Brazil Azul[a] - - 51 51
15 June 2015[85] United States Aircastle - 2 23 25
16 January 2017[86] Norway Widerøe[b] - 3 - 3
26 September 2018[87] Switzerland Helvetic Airways - 8 4 12[88]
13 November 2018[89] Spain Binter Canarias - - 5 5[90]
18 December 2018[91] Kiribati Air Kiribati - 2 - 2[92]
3 April 2019[93] Nigeria Air Peace - - 13 13[94]
26 May 2020[95] Congo Congo Airways - 2 2 4
23 April 2021[96] Canada Porter Airlines - - 30 30[97]
Totals 0 22 183 205
  1. ^ E195-E2 launch customer
  2. ^ E190-E2 launch operator
Embraer E-Jets E2 removed/canceled/unconfirmed orders not in latest quarter report[81]
Initial order Country Customer E175-E2 E190-E2 E195-E2 Order total
17 June 2013[78] United States SkyWest Airlines 100 - - 100[78]
17 July 2014[98] China Tianjin Airlines - 20 - 20
4 December 2018 Kiribati Air Kiribati - 2 - 2[92]
12 November 2019 The Netherlands KLM Cityhopper - - 25[99] 25
Totals 100 22 21 147

Binter Canarias has converted two options for Embraer E195-E2 aircraft to firm orders. Their first new Embraer aircraft is expected to be delivered in the second half of 2019 with Binter Canarias being the European launch customer.[100]

KLM will lease 25 E195-E2 from Aircastle (15) and ICBC (10) and will not buy directly from Embraer.[101]

Operators[]

Airlines E175-Е2
in service 		E190-Е2
in service 		E195-Е2
in service 		Total
Air Astana 5 5
Air Kiribati 1 1
Air Peace 3[102] 3
Azul Brazilian Airlines 9 9
Belavia 3 3
Binter Canarias 5 5
Helvetic Airways 8 4 12
KLM Cityhopper 4 4
Widerøe 3 3
Total 0 17 26 43

Specifications[]

E-Jet E2 brochure[103]
Variant E175-E2[104] E190-E2[105] E195-E2[106]
Flight deck crew 2 pilots
Seating, dual class 80 (8J @36 in +72Y @31 in) 96 (12J @38 in +84Y @31 in) 120 (12J @36 in +108Y @31 in)
Seating, single class 88 @31 in, 90 max @29 in 104 @31 in, 114 max @29 in 132 @31 in, 146 max @28 in
Seat width 18.3 in (46 cm)[107]
Length 32.40 m (106.3 ft) 36.25 m (118 ft 11 in.) 41.51 m (136.2 ft)
Height 9.98 m (32.7 ft) 10.96 m (35 ft 11.3 in) 10.91 m (35.8 ft)
Wingspan 31.00 m (101.7 ft) 33.72 m (110 ft 7.6 in) 35.13 m (115 ft 3 in)[108]
Wing area 103 m2 (1108.7 ft²)[108]
Aspect ratio 11.04 11.5
MTOW 44,800 kg (98,767 lb) 56,400 kg (124,340 lb) 62,000 kg (136,686 lb)
OEW 33,000 kg (72,752 lb) 35,700 kg (78,705 lb)
Max payload 10,600 kg (23,369 lb) 13,700 kg (30,203 lb) 16,150 kg (35,605 lb)
Max fuel 8,522 kg / 18,788 lb 13,500 kg / 29,760 lb 13,690 kg / 30,181 lb
Takeoff (MTOW, ISA, SL) 1,800 m (5,906 ft) 1,450 m (4,760 ft) 1,970 m (6,463 ft)
Landing (MLW, ISA, SL) 1,300 m (4,265 ft) 1,240 m (4,070 ft) 1,412 m (4,633 ft)
Speed Mach 0.82 (473 kn; 876 km/h) max., Mach 0.78 (450 kn; 833 km/h) typical
Range (full pax) 2,017 nmi (3,735 km)[109] 2,850 nmi (5,280 km) 2,655 nmi (4,917 km)
Service ceiling 41,000 ft (12,000 m)
Engines 2× Pratt & Whitney PW1715G 2× Pratt & Whitney PW1919G/21G/22G/23G
Fan diameter 56 in (142 cm) 73 in (185 cm)
Thrust per Engine 15,000 lbf (67 kN) 19,000–23,000 lbf (85–102 kN)

See also[]

Graph of seating for current and future generation regional jets and small narrowbodies seating, based on CAPA and Bombardier

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b Yeo, Ghim-Lay (24 May 2016). "Embraer completes first flight of E-Jet E2". Washington DC: Flightglobal.
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Norway's Widerøe completes first revenue flight of an Embraer E190-E2" (Press release). Embraer. 24 April 2018.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b Embraer orderbook: 2021 1st quarter Deliveries and Backlog, PDF document, 31 March 2021.
  4. ^ Stephen Trimble (3 November 2017). "Embraer comes of age with the E190-E2". Flightglobal.
  5. ^ "Embraer Selects Pratt & Whitney's PurePower Engines for Second Generation of E-Jets" (Press release). São José dos Campos: Embraer. 8 January 2013.
  6. ^ Haynes, Brad (17 June 2013). "Embraer launches next E-Jets to strong demand, SkyWest orders up to $9.4 billion". Paris: Reuters. Retrieved 19 June 2013.
  7. ^ "Embraer Launches "E2", the Second Generation of E-Jets" (Press release). Paris: Embraer. 17 June 2013.
  8. ^ "E190 E2 Makes its International Debut at the Farnborough Airshow" (Press release). Embraer. 10 July 2016.
  9. ^ Jon Hemmerdinger (27 April 2017). "Embraer predicts 99% first-year schedule reliability for E2". Flight Global.
  10. ^ "Embraer adds range to E190/95 E2s". Leeham. 2 June 2017.
  11. ^ Jon Hemmerdinger (2 June 2017). "Embraer boosts range figures for E195-E2s and E190-E2s". Flightglobal.
  12. ^ "Civil Aviation Programs To Watch". Aviation Week & Space Technology. 9 June 2017.
  13. ^ Aaron Karp (28 July 2017). "Embraer swings to $69.5 million 2Q net profit; E2 testing progressing". Aviation Week Network.
  14. ^ Jump up to: a b Guy Norris (19 January 2018). "Embraer Targets Improved E190-E2 As Certification Nears". Aviation Week Network.
  15. ^ Jump up to: a b "Embraer E190-E2 Granted Certification by ANAC, FAA and EASA" (Press release). Embraer. 28 February 2018.
  16. ^ Gubisch, Michael (19 February 2019). "Embraer receives first production engines for E195-E2". FlightGlobal.
  17. ^ Jump up to: a b Jon Hemmerdinger (15 April 2019). "Embraer's E195-E2 receives type certification". Flightglobal.
  18. ^ Stephen Trimble (9 October 2017). "Embraer primes factory for hybrid E-Jet production system". Flightglobal.
  19. ^ Alex Derber (31 October 2017). "Embraer Battles Through E2 Transition". Aviation Week Network.
  20. ^ Jens Flottau (21 November 2017). "Industry Closely Watching Airbus". Aviation Week & Space Technology.
  21. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Jens Flottau (20 March 2018). "Embraer Ventures Out of the Box With E2 Family". Aviation Week & Space Technology.
  22. ^ Dominic Perry (5 February 2018). "Initial E-Jet E2s to require engine update". Flightglobal.
  23. ^ Enrique Perrella (4 April 2018). "Widerøe Takes Delivery of the World's First Embraer E190-E2". Airways International.
  24. ^ Jens Flottau (26 June 2018). "Embraer: Bombardier's C Series Support 'Not A Fair Game'". Aviation Week Network.
  25. ^ Jean-Baptiste Heguy (10 May 2019). "E190-E2 makes its mark". Air & Cosmos International. pp. 24–25.
  26. ^ "Boeing and Embraer Confirm Discussions on Potential Combination" (Press release). 21 December 2017. Boeing and Embraer
  27. ^ Boeing, Embraer (5 July 2018). "Boeing and Embraer to Establish Strategic Aerospace Partnership to Accelerate Global Aerospace Growth" (Press release).
  28. ^ "Boeing deal, "crucial to Embraer survival," in doubt". Leeham News. 6 December 2018.
  29. ^ Boeing and Embraer (26 February 2019). "Boeing-Embraer partnership receives shareholder approval" (Press release).
  30. ^ "Boeing Terminates Agreement to Establish Joint Ventures with Embraer" (Press release). Boeing. 25 April 2020.
  31. ^ "Embraer says that Boeing wrongfully terminated the Master Transaction Agreement" (Press release). Embraer. 25 April 2020.
  32. ^ Scott Hamilton (27 April 2020). "Pontifications: Taking a knife to a gunfight". Leeham News.
  33. ^ "investor relations". Embraer. March 2016.
  34. ^ Jump up to: a b Mike Gerzanics (17 July 2018). "Analysis: With E2 series, Embraer closes the loop". Flightglobal.
  35. ^ James Field (3 April 2018). "Embraer Gives Update on the E-Jet Program". Airways International.
  36. ^ Edward Russell (28 October 2018). "Embraer touts E2 costs in effort to land US orders". Flightglobal.
  37. ^ Pratt & Whitney (16 January 2018). "Embraer's Pratt-Powered E2 Crossover Jet Readied for Launch". Aviation Week.
  38. ^ Jon Ostrower (20 March 2012). "E-Jet revamp promises three-way engine 'dogfight'". Flightglobal.
  39. ^ Gregory Polek (14 January 2013). "Embraer Turns True Believer in Pratt's GTF". AINonline.
  40. ^ "Embraer Selects Honeywell to Provide Avionics for E-Jets Second Generation" (Press release). Embraer. 4 February 2013.
  41. ^ "Embraer Selects Alta Precision" (Press release). Alta Precision. 16 July 2014 – via Aero Montreal.
  42. ^ "Moog Announces Contract Award from Embraer for Flight Control System on Second Generation of E-Jets" (Press release). Moog Inc. 13 May 2013.
  43. ^ "E195-E2 > Specifications > New Technologies > Full Fly-By-Wire". Embraer.
  44. ^ Bjorn Fehrm (8 April 2016). "Embraer's Fly-by-wire approach". Leeham News and Comment.
  45. ^ Guy Norris (5 September 2016). "Embraer E2 Certification Tests Set to Accelerate". Aviation Week.
  46. ^ "The Embraer E-Jet E2". Aircraft interiors international. 11 December 2014.
  47. ^ John Morris (8 November 2015). "Embraer Hopes For First Middle East E2 Orders". Aviation Week.
  48. ^ Bernie Baldwin (7 September 2018). "Profitability Is Aim of Crossover Jets' Better Maintainability". Aviation Week & Space Technology.
  49. ^ "Air Astana receives E190-E2 in 'snow leopard' livery". Flightglobal. 3 December 2018.
  50. ^ "Helvetic Airways Receives its First E190-E2 Jet" (Press release). Zürich: Embraer. 31 October 2019.
  51. ^ "Helvetic's E190-E2 Readies for First Flight" (Press release). Embraer. 31 October 2019.
  52. ^ "Binter Receives Its First E195-E2" (Press release). São José dos Campos: Embraer. 21 November 2019.
  53. ^ "Trabajadores de Binter son los primeros pasajeros del nuevo avión Embraer E195-E2" (Press release) (in Spanish). Binter Canarias. 13 November 2019.
  54. ^ "Binter Canarias flight NT6800 - Flightradar24". Flightradar24. Retrieved 18 December 2019.
  55. ^ "Air Kiribati Receives Its First E190-E2 Jet" (Press release). São José dos Campos: Embraer. 30 December 2019.
  56. ^ Jump up to: a b c Baldwin, Mary-Anne (11 August 2013). "The E2: Embraer's next generation of EJets". Airline Fleet Management. Archived from the original on 13 April 2014. Retrieved 11 April 2014.
  57. ^ Stephen Trimble (2 December 2016). "Scope clause freeze pushes E175-E2 back to 2021". Flight Global.
  58. ^ Guy Norris (23 April 2019). "Embraer 195-E2 Certification Marks Run-up To Service Entry". Aviation Week & Space Technology.
  59. ^ "E175-E2 prototype in production, first flight by year end". Leeham News. 28 May 2019.
  60. ^ Jon Hemmerdinger (12 December 2019). "Embraer's first E175-E2 takes to the skies in Sao Jose dos Campos". Flightglobal.
  61. ^ Pilar Wolfsteller (29 April 2021). "Embraer delays E175-E2 service entry one year". Flightglobal.
  62. ^ Jump up to: a b Tim Wuerfel (7 March 2018). "Embraer's E2 Advances E-Jet Without Sacrificing Commonality". Aviation Week & Space Technology.
  63. ^ Embraer ERJ 190-300 is commercially named as "EMBRAER 190-E2" or “E190-E2” From https://www.aviation.govt.nz/assets/aircraft/type-acceptance-reports/embraer-erj-190-series.pdf
  64. ^ https://www.flyembraer.com/irj/go/km/docs/download_center/Anonymous/Ergonomia/Home%20Page/Documents/APM_E-JetsE2.PDF
  65. ^ https://www.embraercommercialaviation.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/APM_E190.pdf
  66. ^ https://www.embraercommercialaviation.com/commercial-jets/e190-e2-commercial-jet/
  67. ^ Allison Lampert (23 January 2018). "Bombardier seeks to enmesh Embraer in trade spat before ruling". Reuters.
  68. ^ Aircraft Value News (10 December 2018). "Disappointing E2 Orders Could Impact Residual Values".
  69. ^ Stephen Trimble (24 February 2016). "Embraer announces design revamp of E195-E2". Flightglobal.
  70. ^ "EJet-E2 ranged upped by 450nm". Leeham News. 24 February 2016.
  71. ^ Aaron Karp (9 March 2017). "Embraer E195-E2 to enter service in 2019 with Azul". Air Transport World. Aviation Week.
  72. ^ Aaron Karp (29 March 2017). "Embraer E195-E2 achieves first flight ahead of schedule". Air transport World. Aviation Week.
  73. ^ "Embraer brings E195-E2 flight test forward". Flightglobal. 7 March 2017.
  74. ^ Jens Flottau and Michael Bruno (25 January 2019). "Embraer Hopes For E2 Sales Surge In 2019". Aviation Week & Space Technology.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  75. ^ "Binter, of Spain, Will Receive its First E195-E2 in 2019" (Press release). Embraer. 13 November 2018.
  76. ^ "Embraer Delivers its First E195-E2 to AerCap and Azul" (Press release). Embraer. 12 September 2019.
  77. ^ "Embraer challenges Bombardier's CSeries with orders for second generation E-Jets. CAPA - Centre for Aviation, 28 June 2013.
  78. ^ Jump up to: a b c "SkyWest Inc. Orders 100 New E-Jets E2 from Embraer as a Launch Customer" (Press release). Paris: Embraer. 17 June 2013. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
  79. ^ "ILFC Signs Final Agreement For Up To 100 Embraer E-Jets E2s" (Press release). 17 July 2013. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
  80. ^ "AIG Completes $7.6 Billion ILFC Sale to AerCap". 15 May 2014.
  81. ^ Jump up to: a b "Embraer E-Jet Orders and Deliveries 1Q21" (PDF). Embraer. 31 March 2021.
  82. ^ "ILFC Signs Final Agreement For Up To 100 Embraer E-Jets E2s" (Press release). São José dos Campos: Embraer. 17 July 2013. Retrieved 17 July 2013.
  83. ^ "China's ICBC Orders 10 E195-E2 Jets". 17 July 2014.
  84. ^ "Azul Orders 30 E195-E2 Jets". 21 May 2015.
  85. ^ "Aircastle Signs Firm Order for 25 Embraer E-Jet E2s" (Press release). Paris: Embraer. 15 June 2015.
  86. ^ "Embraer Signs Order with Widerøe for up to 15 E2 Aircraft" (Press release). Embraer. 16 January 2017.
  87. ^ "Helvetic Airways Firms Up Order for 12 E190-E2 jets". 26 September 2018.
  88. ^ Editorial, Reuters. "Brazil's Embraer says Helvetic signed firm order of 12 jets worth..." U.S. Retrieved 26 September 2018.
  89. ^ "Binter, of Spain, Will Receive its First E195-E2 in 2019". 13 November 2018.
  90. ^ "Binter will have the first E195-E2 jet aircraft that will operated by a European airline". www.bintercanaries.com.
  91. ^ "Embraer Signs Agreement With Air Kiribati For Up to 4 E190-E2". 18 December 2018.
  92. ^ Jump up to: a b Air Kiribati Orders Four Embraer E190-E2s Airwaysmag
  93. ^ "Air Peace Selects the E195-E2 and Becomes the First E2 Operator in Africa". 3 April 2019.
  94. ^ "Brazil's Embraer signs $2.1 billion order with Nigeria's Air Peace:..." Reuters. 3 April 2019. Retrieved 3 April 2019.
  95. ^ "Congo Airways Converts Embraer E175 Order to E190-E2 Jets". 26 May 2020.
  96. ^ "Unidentified Customer Orders 30 Embraer E195-E2 Aircraft". Simple Flying. 29 April 2021. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
  97. ^ "Porter Airlines expanding service across North America by acquiring up to 80 Embraer E195-E2s". 12 July 2021. Retrieved 12 July 2021.
  98. ^ "China's HNA Group Tianjin Airlines Purchases 20 E-Jets and 20 E-Jets E2". 17 July 2014. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 7 May 2015.
  99. ^ "KLM Cityhopper Orders Embraer E195-E2 – Aeronautics". Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  100. ^ "Binter Canarias". Airliner World. August 2019: 11.
  101. ^ "KLM Firms Up Order for E195-E2 Jets and Adds Six Further Aircraft". Embraer. 12 November 2019.
  102. ^ https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/06/air-peace-acquisition-of-brand-new-aircraft-a-milestone-in-nigerias-aviation-ncaa-dg/
  103. ^ "E-Jets E2 Folder" (PDF). Embraer. 13 June 2015.
  104. ^ "E175-E2" (PDF). Embraer. June 2017.
  105. ^ "E-Jets E2 Airport Planning Manual" (PDF). Embraer. 11 May 2018.
  106. ^ "E195-E2" (PDF). Embraer. June 2017.
  107. ^ The Single Aisle Cabin War Reaches its Climax Airways International
  108. ^ Jump up to: a b "Type certificate data sheet No. EASA.IM.A.071 for Embraer ERJ 190" (PDF). EASA. 15 April 2019.
  109. ^ "E175-E2" (PDF). Embraer. August 2018.

External links[]

Retrieved from ""