Emperor Chongzong of Western Xia

Emperor Chongzong 崇宗 (1084–1139), born Li Qianshun 李乾順¹, was the 4th emperor of the Western Xia (reigned 1086–1139).² His reign began at the age of three, when his father Li Bingchang died. He remained under the regency of the Dowager Empress ³ until she was poisoned in 1099 by a Liao envoy.

Li's reign included further sinification and removed the power of some significant Tangut clans, which had remained a powerful political force—appointing tribal leaders as kings, forcing them under his power and influence. His reign saw incursions by the surrounding Liao- and Song-ruled nations, and a series of military defeats from 1114. He established Confucianist-led administration for several political quarters including civil and military, centralising his power. Buddhism was prevalent during his reign, and the scriptures were translated to the Tangut language.

Family[]

Consorts and issue:

• Empress, of the Yelü clan (皇后耶律氏), personal name Nanxian (南仙), Princess Cheng'an (成安公主)
  • Hereditary Prince, Ren'ai (世子仁爱), first son
• Empress, of the Ren clan (皇后任氏)
• Noble Consort, of the Cao clan (贵妃曹氏) 贤妃-->贵妃
  • Emperor Renzong of Western Xia, Renxiao (西夏仁宗仁孝), second son
  • Prince of Yue, Renyou (越王仁友), third son

Era names[]

His era names were:

• Tiānyízhìpíng (天儀治平) 1086–1089
• Tiānyòumín'ān (天祐民安) 1090–1097
• Yǒng'ān (永安) 1098–1100
• Zhēnguān (貞觀) 1101–1113
• Yōngníng (雍寧) 1114–1118
• Yuándé (元德) 1119–1127
• Zhèngdé (正德) 1127–1134
• Dàdé (大德) 1135–1139

Notes[]

• ^ Note 1: Names in Chinese characters are from chinaknowledge.de
• ^ Note 2: Reign dates are from uglychinese.org
• ^ Note 3: There were two dowagers of Tangut emperors named Empress Liang, the other was over Emperor Huizong of Western Xia, see Ksenia Kepping, The famous Liangzhou bilingual stele.

References[]

"Tangut roots and Chinese habits". Western Xia Dynasty. Chinaknowledge. Retrieved 2 April 2005. "Liao, Xi Xia, and Jin Dynasties 907-1234". China 7 BC To 1279. Retrieved 2 April 2005.

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