Erie Otters
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Erie Otters | |
---|---|
City | Erie, Pennsylvania |
League | Ontario Hockey League |
Conference | Western |
Division | Midwest |
Founded | 1996 –97 |
Home arena | Erie Insurance Arena |
Colors | Navy blue, gold, white |
Owner(s) | Jim Waters |
General manager | Dave Brown |
Head coach | Chris Hartsburg |
Website | ottershockey |
Franchise history | |
1946–1953 | Windsor Spitfires |
1953–1960 | Hamilton Tiger Cubs |
1960–1974 | Hamilton Red Wings |
1974–1978 | Hamilton/St. Catharines Fincups |
1978–1984 | Brantford Alexanders |
1984–1988 | Hamilton Steelhawks |
1988–1996 | Niagara Falls Thunder |
1996–present | Erie Otters |
The Erie Otters are a Major junior ice hockey team based in Erie, Pennsylvania. They are members of the Midwest division of the Ontario Hockey League (OHL), one of only three American teams in the circuit. The team name refers to the North American river otter common to Lake Erie.
History[]
The Erie Otters were previously located in Niagara Falls, Ontario, where they were called the Niagara Falls Thunder. They moved to Erie Insurance Arena in downtown Erie in time for the 1996–97 season. After three seasons of mediocrity in Erie, they won the Midwest Division's Holody Trophy in 1999. It was their first of three consecutive Midwest Division championships, culminating in a J. Ross Robertson Cup in the 2001–02 season. Additionally, Dave MacQueen won the Matt Leyden Trophy in 2000–01 as the OHL Coach of the Year. General manager Sherwood Bassin was awarded OHL Executive of the Year, and the CHL Executive of the Year for his role in building a championship team.[1][2] The Erie Otters became the second U.S. team to win the OHL Championship, following the Detroit Junior Red Wings in the 1994–95 OHL season.[citation needed]
Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine (LECOM) officially partnered with the Erie Otters in 2012 as their official medical provider.[3]
On March 18, 2017, the Erie Otters became the first team in Canadian Hockey League history to record four consecutive 50-win seasons in a row (2013–17).[4] The Otters had previously shared the record of three consecutive 50-win seasons with the Kelowna Rockets (2012–15), Edmonton Oil Kings (2011–14), Saint John Sea Dogs (2009–12) and the Kamloops Blazers (1989–92).[citation needed]
On May 22, 2017, the Erie Otters set a Memorial Cup record for most goals by one team in a single game by defeating the Saint John Sea Dogs with a final score of 12–5, surpassing the previous record of 11 goals set by the Quebec Remparts (1974, 11–3) and Regina Pats (1980, 11–2). The game also set the record for most goals by both teams with a total of 17 goals, surpassing the record of 16 goals when the Kitchener Rangers defeated the Kamloop Jr. Oilers with a final score of 9–7 (1984). Dylan Strome set an individual record of 7 points in a single game (4 goals, 3 assists) surpassing the previous record of 6 points in a single game held by Joe Contini (1976), Guy Rouleau (1986), and Mike Mathers (1992). Taylor Raddysh also tied the previous record of 6 points (2 goals, 4 assists) in the same game.[5]
Connor McDavid era[]
Connor McDavid played for the Erie Otters from the 2012–13 OHL season to the 2014–15 OHL season.[citation needed]
McDavid had been named "Player of the Year" for the 2011–12 season in the Greater Toronto Hockey League, following a record of 79 goals and 130 assists while playing as a 14/15 year old on a midget-level team. Hockey Canada, the governing body for amateur hockey in Canada, granted McDavid "Exceptional Player" status, which permitted him to play in the OHL a year earlier than would otherwise be permissible for a player his age. He was only the third player to receive that status, after John Tavares and Aaron Ekblad.[6]
The Otters chose the 15-year-old as their first overall pick in the 2012 OHL Priority Selection Draft, and he joined the team for the 2012–13 season. McDavid garnered much attention, and was rated highly as he approached draft eligibility during his 2014–15 season with the Otters. He led the team to the J. Ross Robertson Cup championship finals, where the Otters fell to the Oshawa Generals.[citation needed]
The NHL Central Scouting Bureau subsequently named McDavid the top North American prospect for the 2015 NHL Entry Draft, where the Edmonton Oilers selected him first overall.[7][8]
Uniforms and logos[]
From their first season until the end of the 2016–17 season, the Erie Otters' colors were navy blue, gold, red, and white. Their primary logo featured a circular outline with a fierce, anthropomorphic otter furnishing a hockey stick and gear. The "Otters" wordmark is superimposed over the design in red with gold and navy blue outline. The team's home uniform included a navy blue sweater with red and gold accents. The away uniforms featured a white jersey with navy blue and red trim.
For the 2013–14 season, the Erie Otters introduced a gold alternate jersey. This jersey features a navy blue shoulder yoke, navy blue and white stripes, and the cursive "Otters" wordmark centered across the chest. The design resembles the sweaters of the defunct Erie Blades, who played from 1975 to 1982.[9] In 2016, the Erie Otters began wearing the gold alternate jerseys for every Saturday home game throughout the regular season and also introduced gold helmets to the uniform set, rather than the blue helmets worn with the gold jersey in previous seasons.
For the 2017–18 season, the Erie Otters announced that the secondary cursive "Otters" watermark has become their new primary logo and the team is making a full-time switch to a gold, navy and white color set. With this change, the alternate gold jerseys have become the new primary home set, and a newly introduced white jersey (in the same style as the gold) has become the new away set.[10]
On May 20, 2019, the Otters reintroduced an update to the old Otters logo with the new color pattern of navy and yellow as part of the center emblem, shoulder patch with a more modern look of an Otter and the Erie name inside of the Pennsylvania Keystone symbol[11]
Arena[]
The Erie Otters play their home games at Erie Insurance Arena, which opened in 1983 and currently seats 6,716 spectators. It is a centerpiece of the Erie Civic Center Complex, which also includes the UPMC Park baseball stadium, home to the Double-A Erie SeaWolves.[citation needed]
Championships[]
List of championships:[citation needed]
J. Ross Robertson Cup | Wayne Gretzky Trophy | Hamilton Spectator Trophy | Holody Trophy |
---|---|---|---|
OHL Champions | Western Conference Champions | 1st Place - Regular Season | Midwest Division Champions |
Coaches[]
List of coaches:[citation needed]
Regular Season | Playoffs | Memorial Cup | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coach | First Season | Last Season | GP | W | L | T | OTL | SOL | PTS | PCT% | GP | W | L | PCT% | GP | W | L | PCT% |
Chris Johnstone | 1996-97 | 1996-97* | 39 | 11 | 25 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 25 | .321 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Dale Dunbar | 1996-97* | 1997-98 | 93 | 45 | 36 | 9 | 3 | 0 | 102 | .548 | 12 | 4 | 8 | .333 | - | - | - | - |
Paul Theriault | 1998-99 | 1998-99 | 68 | 31 | 33 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 66 | .485 | 5 | 1 | 4 | .200 | - | - | - | - |
Dave MacQueen | 1999-2000 | 2005-06 | 476 | 229 | 183 | 36 | 25 | 3 | 522 | .548 | 64 | 38 | 26 | .594 | 4 | 2 | 2 | .500 |
Peter Sidorkiewicz | 2006-07 | 2007-08* | 84 | 19 | 62 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 41 | .244 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Robbie Ftorek | 2007-08* | 2012-13* | 353 | 139 | 174 | 0 | 16 | 13 | 307 | .436 | 16 | 4 | 12 | .250 | - | - | - | - |
Kris Knoblauch | 2012-13* | 2016-17 | 313 | 216 | 83 | 0 | 9 | 5 | 446 | .712 | 69 | 46 | 23 | .667 | 5 | 3 | 2 | .600 |
Chris Hartsburg | 2017-18 | Present | 199 | 75 | 99 | 0 | 14 | 11 | 175 | .438 | - | - | - | .000 | - | - | - | .000 |
* indicates replacement mid-season.
Award winners[]
List of award winners:[citation needed]
Season | Coach | Award Won | Award For |
---|---|---|---|
2000-01 | Dave MacQueen | Matt Leyden Trophy | Coach of the Year |
2015-16 | Kris Knoblauch | Matt Leyden Trophy | Coach of the Year |
Players[]
Award winners[]
List of award winners:[citation needed]
Season | Player(s) | Award Won | Award For |
---|---|---|---|
1999-00 | Brad Boyes | CHL Scholastic Player of the Year Award | |
Bobby Smith Trophy | OHL Scholastic Player of the Year | ||
2000-01 | Brad Boyes | Red Tilson Trophy | Most Outstanding Player |
William Hanley Trophy | Most Sportsmanlike Player | ||
Joey Sullivan | Dan Snyder Memorial Trophy | Humanitarian of the Year | |
2001-02 | Brad Boyes | CHL Sportsman of the Year Award | |
Red Tilson Trophy | Most Outstanding Player | ||
William Hanley Trophy | Most Sportsmanlike Player | ||
Wayne Gretzky 99 Award | OHL Playoffs MVP | ||
Cory Pecker | Leo Lalonde Memorial Trophy | Overage Player of the Year | |
2003-04 | Chris Campoli | CHL Humanitarian of the Year | |
Dan Snyder Memorial Trophy | Humanitarian of the Year | ||
2006-07 | Derrick Bagshaw | Roger Neilson Memorial Award | Top Academic University Player |
Ryan O'Reilly | Jack Ferguson Award | First Overall Draft Pick | |
2011-12 | Connor McDavid | Jack Ferguson Award | First Overall Draft Pick |
Adam Pelech | Bobby Smith Trophy | Scholastic Player of the Year | |
Ivan Tennant Memorial Award | Top Academic High School Player | ||
2012-13 | Connor McDavid | Emms Family Award | Top First Year Player |
2013-14 | Connor Brown | Eddie Powers Memorial Trophy | OHL Leading Scorer |
Jim Mahon Memorial Trophy | Top Scoring Right Winger | ||
Red Tilson Trophy | Most Outstanding Player | ||
CHL Top Scorer Award | Highest Scoring Player in CHL | ||
Dane Fox | Leo Lalonde Memorial Trophy | Overage Player of the Year | |
Connor McDavid | William Hanley Trophy | Most Sportsmanlike Player | |
Bobby Smith Trophy | Scholastic Player of the Year | ||
Oscar Dansk & Devin Williams | Dave Pinkney Trophy | Lowest Team Goals Against | |
2014-15 | Connor McDavid | Red Tilson Trophy | Most Outstanding Player |
Bobby Smith Trophy | Scholastic Player of the Year | ||
Wayne Gretzky 99 Award | OHL Playoffs MVP | ||
CHL Player of the Year | |||
CHL Top Draft Prospect Award | Top Eligible Draft Prospect in CHL | ||
Dylan Strome | Eddie Powers Memorial Trophy | OHL Leading Scorer | |
William Hanley Trophy | Most Sportsmanlike Player | ||
CHL Top Scorer Award | Highest Scoring Player in CHL | ||
Alex DeBrincat | Emms Family Award | Top First Year Player | |
CHL Rookie of the Year | |||
2016-17 | Alex DeBrincat | Red Tilson Trophy | Most Outstanding Player |
Eddie Powers Memorial Trophy | OHL Leading Scorer | ||
Jim Mahon Memorial Trophy | Top Scoring Right Winger | ||
CHL Player of the Year | |||
Darren Raddysh | Leo Lalonde Memorial Trophy | Overage Player of the Year | |
Max Kaminsky Trophy | Defenceman of the Year | ||
Warren Foegele | Wayne Gretzky 99 Award | OHL Playoffs MVP | |
Dylan Strome | Stafford Smythe Memorial Trophy | Memorial Cup MVP | |
Dylan Strome & Taylor Raddysh | Ed Chynoweth Trophy | Memorial Cup Leading Scorer(s) | |
Anthony Cirelli | George Parsons Trophy | Memorial Cup Most Sportsmanlike Player |
NHL alumni[]
List of National Hockey League (NHL) alumni:[citation needed]
- Nikita Alexeev
- Brady Austin
- Nick Baptiste
- Adam Berti
- Michael Blunden
- Brad Boyes
- Chris Breen
- David Broll
- Connor Brown
- Andre Burakovsky
- Chris Campoli
- Erik Cernak
- Anthony Cirelli
- Carlo Colaiacovo
- Tim Connolly
- Oscar Dansk
- Alex DeBrincat
- Travis Dermott
- Jamie Drysdale
- Remi Elie
- Warren Foegele
- Brendan Gaunce
- Luke Gazdic
- Justin Hodgman
- Mike Liambas
- Brett MacLean
- Kurtis MacDermid
- Connor McDavid
- Greg McKegg
- Steve Montador
- Adam Munro
- Jordan Nolan
- Ryan O'Marra
- Ryan O'Reilly
- Nick Palmieri
- Jeff Paul
- Adam Pelech
- Anthony Peluso
- Geoff Platt
- Michael Rupp
- Dylan Strome
- Stephen Valiquette
- Phil Varone
- Jason Ward
- Jeff Zehr
NHL first round draft picks[]
Connor McDavid is the first player with Erie ties to be selected first overall in a major professional sports league’s draft. In his case, it was by the Edmonton Oilers in the 2015 NHL Entry Draft on June 26, 2015.[12]
List of first round NHL draft picks:[citation needed]
Year | Player | Team | Round | Pick # |
---|---|---|---|---|
1997 | Jason Ward | Montreal Canadiens | 1 | 11 |
1998 | Michael Rupp | New York Islanders | 1 | 9 |
1999 | Tim Connolly | New York Islanders | 1 | 5 |
2000 | Nikita Alexeev | Tampa Bay Lightning | 1 | 8 |
2000 | Brad Boyes | Toronto Maple Leafs | 1 | 24 |
2001 | Carlo Colaiacovo | Toronto Maple Leafs | 1 | 17 |
2001 | Adam Munro | Chicago Blackhawks | 1 | 29 |
2005 | Ryan O'Marra | New York Islanders | 1 | 15 |
2013 | Andre Burakovsky | Washington Capitals | 1 | 23 |
2015 | Connor McDavid | Edmonton Oilers | 1 | 1 |
2015 | Dylan Strome | Arizona Coyotes | 1 | 3 |
2020 | Jamie Drysdale | Anaheim Ducks | 1 | 6 |
Retired numbers[]
- Brad Boyes (#16)
- Vince Scott (#18)
Season-by-season results[]
List of season-by-season results:[citation needed]
Regular season[]
Legend: OTL - Overtime Loss, SL - Shootout Loss, PTS - Points, GF - Goals For, GA - Goals Against, GD - Goal Differential
Season | Games | Won | Lost | Tie | OTL | SL | PTS | PCT% | GF | GA | GD | Standing | Playoffs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1996–97 | 66 | 23 | 36 | 7 | - | - | 53 | 0.402 | 240 | 260 | -20 | 5th Central | Lost in Quarterfinals |
1997–98 | 66 | 33 | 28 | 5 | - | - | 71 | 0.538 | 261 | 252 | +9 | 4th West | Lost in Quarterfinals |
1998–99 | 68 | 31 | 33 | 4 | - | - | 66 | 0.485 | 271 | 297 | -26 | 3rd Midwest | Lost in Quarterfinals |
1999–00 | 68 | 33 | 28 | 4 | 3 | - | 73 | 0.515 | 224 | 229 | -5 | 1st Midwest | Lost in Semifinals |
2000–01 | 68 | 45 | 11 | 10 | 2 | - | 102 | 0.735 | 264 | 171 | +93 | 1st Midwest | Lost in Conference Finals |
2001–02 | 68 | 41 | 22 | 4 | 1 | - | 87 | 0.632 | 246 | 218 | +28 | 1st Midwest | Won OHL Championship, Lost Memorial Cup |
2002–03 | 68 | 24 | 35 | 6 | 3 | - | 57 | 0.397 | 181 | 248 | -67 | 5th Midwest | Missed Playoffs |
2003–04 | 68 | 29 | 26 | 6 | 7 | - | 71 | 0.471 | 221 | 212 | +9 | 5th Midwest | Lost in Semifinals |
2004–05 | 68 | 31 | 26 | 6 | 5 | - | 73 | 0.500 | 186 | 207 | -21 | 4th Midwest | Lost in Quarterfinals |
2005–06 | 68 | 26 | 35 | - | 4 | 3 | 59 | 0.434 | 219 | 266 | -47 | 5th Midwest | Missed Playoffs |
2006–07 | 68 | 15 | 50 | - | 1 | 2 | 33 | 0.243 | 209 | 378 | -169 | 5th Midwest | Missed Playoffs |
2007–08 | 68 | 18 | 46 | - | 2 | 2 | 40 | 0.294 | 206 | 343 | -137 | 5th Midwest | Missed Playoffs |
2008–09 | 68 | 34 | 29 | - | 3 | 2 | 73 | 0.537 | 208 | 254 | -46 | 3rd Midwest | Lost in Quarterfinals |
2009–10 | 68 | 33 | 28 | - | 5 | 2 | 73 | 0.537 | 257 | 259 | -2 | 4th Midwest | Lost in Quarterfinals |
2010–11 | 68 | 40 | 26 | - | 1 | 1 | 82 | 0.603 | 281 | 229 | +52 | 3rd Midwest | Lost in Quarterfinals |
2011–12 | 68 | 10 | 52 | - | 3 | 3 | 26 | 0.191 | 169 | 338 | -169 | 5th Midwest | Missed Playoffs |
2012–13 | 68 | 19 | 40 | - | 4 | 5 | 47 | 0.346 | 206 | 312 | -106 | 5th Midwest | Missed Playoffs |
2013–14 | 68 | 52 | 14 | - | 2 | 0 | 106 | 0.779 | 312 | 170 | +142 | 2nd Midwest | Lost in Conference Finals |
2014–15 | 68 | 50 | 14 | - | 2 | 2 | 104 | 0.765 | 331 | 212 | +119 | 1st Midwest | Lost OHL Championship |
2015–16 | 68 | 52 | 15 | - | 1 | 0 | 105 | 0.772 | 269 | 183 | +86 | 1st Midwest | Lost in Conference Finals |
2016–17 | 68 | 50 | 15 | - | 2 | 1 | 103 | 0.757 | 319 | 182 | +137 | 1st Midwest | Won OHL Championship, Lost Memorial Cup |
2017–18 | 68 | 23 | 35 | - | 7 | 3 | 56 | 0.412 | 220 | 270 | -50 | 5th Midwest | Missed Playoffs |
2018–19 | 68 | 26 | 38 | - | 3 | 1 | 56 | 0.412 | 230 | 300 | -70 | 5th Midwest | Missed Playoffs |
2019–20 | 63 | 26 | 26 | - | 4 | 7 | 63 | 0.500 | 229 | 236 | -7 | 5th Midwest | Playoffs Cancelled |
Playoffs[]
List of playoffs results:[citation needed]
Conference Quarterfinals | Conference Semifinals | Conference Finals | OHL Championship | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Season | Result | Opponent | Final | Result | Opponent | Final | Result | Opponent | Final | Result | Opponent | Final | ||||
1996-97 | > | Lost | Guelph Storm | 4-1 | ||||||||||||
1997-98 | > | Lost | London Knights | 4-3 | ||||||||||||
1998-99 | > | Lost | Guelph Storm | 4-1 | ||||||||||||
1999-00 | > | Won | Brampton Battalion | 4-2 | > | Lost | Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds | 4-3 | ||||||||
2000-01 | > | Won | London Knights | 4-1 | > | Won | Brampton Battalion | 4-1 | > | Lost | Plymouth Whalers | 4-1 | ||||
2001-02 | > | Won | Sarnia Sting | 4-1 | > | Won | London Knights | 4-2 | > | Won | Windsor Spitfires | 4-1 | > | Won | Barrie Colts | 4-1 |
2002-03 | Out of playoffs. Did not qualify. | |||||||||||||||
2003-04 | > | Won | Sarnia Sting | 4-1 | > | Lost | London Knights | 4-0 | ||||||||
2004-05 | > | Lost | Kitchener Rangers | 4-2 | ||||||||||||
2005-06 | Out of playoffs. Did not qualify. | |||||||||||||||
2006-07 | Out of playoffs. Did not qualify. | |||||||||||||||
2007-08 | Out of playoffs. Did not qualify. | |||||||||||||||
2008-09 | > | Lost | London Knights | 4-1 | ||||||||||||
2009-10 | > | Lost | Windsor Spitfires | 4-0 | ||||||||||||
2010-11 | > | Lost | Windsor Spitfires | 4-3 | ||||||||||||
2011-12 | Out of playoffs. Did not qualify. | |||||||||||||||
2012-13 | Out of playoffs. Did not qualify. | |||||||||||||||
2013-14 | > | Won | Saginaw Spirit | 4-1 | > | Won | Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds | 4-0 | > | Lost | Guelph Storm | 4-1 | ||||
2014-15 | > | Won | Sarnia Sting | 4-1 | > | Won | London Knights | 4-0 | > | Won | Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds | 4-2 | > | Lost | Oshawa Generals | 4-1 |
2015-16 | > | Won | Saginaw Spirit | 4-0 | > | Won | Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds | 4-1 | > | Lost | London Knights | 4-0 | ||||
2016-17 | > | Won | Sarnia Sting | 4-0 | > | Won | London Knights | 4-3 | > | Won | Owen Sound Attack | 4-2 | > | Won | Mississauga Steelheads | 4-1 |
2017-18 | Out of playoffs. Did not qualify. | |||||||||||||||
2018-19 | Out of playoffs. Did not qualify. | |||||||||||||||
2019-20 | Cancelled. |
Memorial Cup[]
List of Memorial Cup results:[citation needed]
Round Robin Game 1 | Round Robin Game 2 | Round Robin Game 3 | Semi-Final | Final | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | Result | Opponent | Score | Result | Opponent | Score | Result | Opponent | Score | Result | Opponent | Score | Result | Opponent | Score | |||||
2002 | Lost | Kootenay Ice | 3-0 | Won | Victoriaville Tigres | 5-1 | Won | Guelph Storm | 4-0 | Lost | Victoriaville Tigres | 5-4 OT | ||||||||
2017 | Won | Seattle Thunderbirds | 4-2 | Won | Saint John Sea Dogs | 12-5 | Lost | Windsor Spitfires | 4-2 | Won | Saint John Sea Dogs | 6-3 | Lost | Windsor Spitfires | 4-3 |
References[]
- ^ "OHL Awards". Ontario Hockey League. Canadian Hockey League. Retrieved 2017-12-24.
- ^ "CHL Awards". chl.ca. Canadian Hockey League. Retrieved 2017-12-24.
- ^ "LECOM becomes official medical provider..." Otters Hockey.com. Retrieved October 6, 2012.
- ^ "Otters make CHL history, claim second straight Hamilton Spectator Trophy – Ontario Hockey League". ontariohockeyleague.com. Retrieved 2017-03-20.
- ^ "Otters rewrite the record books in 12-5 win – Mastercard Memorial Cup". mastercardmemorialcup.ca. Retrieved 2017-05-24.
- ^ "Connor McDavid granted exceptional status, now eligible for OHL draft". National Post. March 21, 2012. Archived from the original on 2012-03-22.
- ^ NHL Central Scouting's 2015 final rankings, National Hockey League, April 8, 2015
- ^ Strang, Katie. "Highly touted prospect Connor McDavid goes No. 1 overall to Oilers". ESPN.com. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
- ^ Creamer, Chris. "New Otters Jersey Evokes Memories of the Blades". SportsLogos.net Blog. Retrieved 18 March 2013.
- ^ "Otters Unveil New Color Scheme and Jersey". OttersHockey.com. Retrieved August 20, 2017.
- ^ "Otters Unveil New Jerseys for 2019-2020 Season - Erie News Now | WICU & WSEE in Erie, PA". www.erienewsnow.com. Retrieved 2021-04-16.
- ^ Fernandes, Victor. "Otters' McDavid chosen No. 1 in NHL draft". GoErie.com. Retrieved 2021-04-16.
External links[]
- Ontario Hockey League teams
- Professional ice hockey teams in Pennsylvania
- Sports in Erie, Pennsylvania
- Ice hockey clubs established in 1996
- 1996 establishments in Pennsylvania