Fairtrade International

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Fairtrade International (FLO)

Type	Nonprofit (German registered association)
Industry	Product certification
Founded	1997; 24 years ago (1997)
Headquarters	Bonn, Germany
Key people	Lynette Thorstensen, Chair of the Board, Dr. Nyagoy Nyong, interim Global CEO, Melissa Duncan, interim Executive Director
Products	Producer Business Development, Standards Development
Website	www.fairtrade.net

Fairtrade International, or Fairtrade Labelling Organizations International e.V. (FLO)^[1] is a product-oriented multistakeholder group aimed at promoting the lives of farmers and workers through trade. Fairtrade's work is guided by a global strategy^{[citation needed]} focused on ensuring that all farmers earn a living income, and agricultural workers earn a living wage. Fairtrade works with farmers and workers of more than 300 commodities. The main products promoted under the Fairtrade label are coffee, cocoa, banana, flowers, tea, and sugar.

Fairtrade is an association of three Producer Networks, 19 National Fairtrade Organizations (formerly: Fairtrade Labelling Organizations) and 8 Fairtrade Marketing Organizations that promote and market the Fairtrade Certification Mark in their countries ^[2]

Producer Networks exist in Latin America and The Caribbeans; Africa and Middle East; Asia and Pacific. National Fairtrade Organizations exist in 16 European countries as well as in Canada, the United States, Japan, Australia and New Zealand.^[3] Fairtrade International also oversees Fairtrade Marketing Organizations in the Czech Republic, Korea, Hong Kong, Taiwan, India, Philippines, and Poland.^[3]

History[]

Fairtrade International was established in 1997. To ensure compliance with the Fairtrade standards relating to labour standards, cooperative organization, and the governance of the Fairtrade benefits, the organization was divided in January 2004 into two independent organizations:^[4]

• Fairtrade International develops and reviews Fairtrade Standards and assists producers in gaining and maintaining certification and in capitalizing on market opportunities on the Fairtrade market. To ensure the transparency of the system, the standards are developed and reviewed by the FLO Standards and Policy Committee, in which FLO members, producer organizations, traders and external experts participate.
• FLOCERT ensures that producers and traders comply with the FLO Fairtrade Standards and that producers invest the benefits received through Fairtrade in their development. Operating independently from any other interests, it follows the international ISO standards for certification bodies (ISO 65).

Membership[]

The following are National Fairtrade Organizations and Fairtrade Marketing Organizations:^[5]

• 
• Fairtrade Österreich
• Fairtrade Belgium
• Fairtrade Canada
• The Czech Fairtrade Association (Fairtrade Marketing Organization for Czech Republic and Slovakia)
• Max Havelaar Danmark
• Reilun kaupan edistämisyhdistys
• Association Max Havelaar France
• TransFair Deutschland
• Fairtrade Hong Kong Foundation (Fairtrade Marketing Organization)
• Fairtrade Mark Ireland
• Fairtrade Italia
• TransFair Japan
• Fairtrade Korea (Fairtrade Marketing Organization)
• TransFair-Minka Luxembourg
• Stichting Max Havelaar
• Fairtrade Max Havelaar Norge
• Asociación del Sello de Productos de Comercio Justo (National Fairtrade Organization for Spain and Portugal)
• Fairtrade Sverige
• Max Havelaar Foundation
• The Fairtrade Foundation
• Fairtrade America
• Fairtrade Taiwan
• Fairtrade India
• Fundacja „Koalicja Sprawiedliwego Handlu” – Fairtrade Polska (Fairtrade Marketing Organization)

These initiatives were joined in 2007 by three Producer Networks:

• Network of Asian and Pacific Producers (NAPP)
• Coordinadora Latinoamericana y del Caribe de Pequeños Productores de Comercio Justo (CLAC)
• Fairtrade Africa

Structure[]

Fairtrade International is divided into six units:

• Standards and Pricing—sets and maintains fair trade standards
• Finance, Operations and Central Services—ensures coordinated communications, finance, human resources, fundraising, and IT services
• Global Products, Programs, and Policies. Implements all the commodity facing work, as well as programs on living income, living wages, and climate change
• Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning- Data governance and management, research and impact.
• External Relations - In charge of resource mobilization, communications and advocacy
• Branding, Trademark, and Licensing. Promotes the integrity of the Fairtrade Mark and relationships with licensees.

The coordination of all global activities is led by a Global Leadership Team, made of the CEO, the COO, and the CVO (Chief Value Officer)

Fairtrade standards[]

Given the development focus of fair trade, related standards contain minimum requirements that all producer organisations must meet to become certified as well as progress requirements in which producers must demonstrate improvements over time.

There are two types of fair trade standards for disadvantaged^[vague] producers: standards for small farmers' organizations and for hired labor situations.

• Small farmers' organization standards include requirements for democratic decision making, ensuring that producers have a say in how the fair trade premiums are invested, etc. They also include requirements for capacity building and economic strengthening of the organization.
• Hired labour situation standards seek to ensure that employees receive decent^[vague] wages and may join unions and bargain collectively. Fairtrade certified plantations must also ensure that there is no forced or child labour and that health and safety requirements are met. In a hired labor situation, fair trade standards require a "joint body" to be set up with representatives from both management and employees. This joint body decides on how fairtrade premiums will be spent to benefit plantation employees.

A list of hazardous materials whose use in production of Fairtrade products is prohibited is maintained by Fairtrade International, along with materials whose use is "restricted", only to be used in specified conditions, and a list of other hazardous materials which are "flagged" as being hazardous and only to be used "under extreme caution". These lists are known as the "red list", "orange list" and "yellow list" respectively.^[6]

For some products, such as coffee, only fair trade standards for small farmers' organizations are applicable. For others, such as tea, both small farmers' organizations and plantations can be certified.

Fair trade standards and procedures are approved by the FLO Standards Committee, an external committee comprising all FLO stakeholders (labeling initiatives, producers, and traders) and external experts. Fair trade standards are set in accordance to the requirements of the ISEAL Code of Good Practice in standards setting and are in addition the result of an extensive consultation process, involving a variety of stakeholders: producers, traders, external experts, inspectors, certification staff etc.^[7]

International Fairtrade Certification Mark[]

The Fairtrade Mark is an international independent consumer Mark which appears on products as a guarantee that producers and traders have met fair trade standards. The Fairtrade Mark is owned and protected by Fairtrade International, on behalf of its 25-member and associate member labeling initiatives and producer networks.

For a product to carry the Fairtrade Mark, it must come from FLOCERT inspected and certified producer organizations. The crops must be grown and harvested in accordance with the International Fairtrade Standards set by Fairtrade International. The supply chain is also monitored by FLOCERT to ensure the integrity of labelled products. Only authorized licensees can use the Fairtrade Mark on their products.

References[]

External links[]

• Fairtrade International Official Website