Foreign relations of Cambodia
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The Cambodian government has diplomatic relations with most countries, including the United States, the United Kingdom, and France, as well as all of its Asian neighbors, including China, India, Vietnam, Laos, South Korea, and Thailand. The government is a member of most major international organizations, including the United Nations and its specialized agencies such as the World Bank and International Monetary Fund. The government is an Asian Development Bank (ADB) member, a member of ASEAN, and of the WTO. In 2005 Cambodia attended the inaugural East Asia Summit. The government is also a member of the Pacific Alliance (as observer) and Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (as dialogue partner).[1]
International disputes[]
Delegates of the ASEAN Summit pose for a photograph at the Peace Palace in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, on 19 November 2012.
Cambodia is involved in a dispute regarding offshore islands and sections of the boundary with Vietnam. In addition, the maritime boundary Cambodia has with Vietnam is undefined. Parts of Cambodia's border with Thailand are indefinite, and the maritime boundary with Thailand is not clearly defined.
Illicit drugs[]
Cambodia is a transshipment site for Golden Triangle heroin, and possibly a site of money laundering. There is corruption related to narcotics in parts of the government, military and police. Cambodia is also a possible site of small-scale opium, heroin, and amphetamine production. The country is a large producer of cannabis for the international market. [2]
International organization participation[]
ACCT, AsDB, ASEAN, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), International Monetary Fund, Interpol, IOC, ISO (subscriber), ITU, NAM, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WB, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, WToO, WTrO (applicant)
Bilateral relations[]
Africa[]
| Country | Formal relations began | Notes |
|---|---|---|
 Angola |
4 July 1979 |
|
 Burkina Faso |
2 July 2010 | |
 Comoros |
22 February 2010 | |
 Egypt |
1953 |
|
 Equatorial Guinea |
30 June 2010 | |
 Ethiopia |
1980s |
|
 Guinea Bissau |
30 June 2010 | |
 Ivory Coast |
2008 |
|
 Kenya |
4 July 2009 |
|
 Malawi |
20 July 2011 |
|
 Mauritius |
18 May 1995 | |
 Namibia |
25 June 2010 |
|
 Nigeria |
28 May 2001 |
|
 Rwanda |
29 September 2005 |
|
 Seychelles |
15 August 1996 |
|
 Sierra Leone |
18 April 1961 | |
 South Africa |
January 1995 |
|
 Tanzania |
8 March 1995 |
|
 Zambia |
8 May 1996 |
|
 Zimbabwe |
|
Americas[]
| Country | Formal relations began in | Notes |
|---|---|---|
 Argentina |
25 April 1994 |
|
 Barbados |
11 November 2019 | |
 Belize |
1 November 1994 |
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 November 1994.[3] |
 Bolivia |
26 April 1994 | |
 Brazil |
25 March 1994 |
|
 Canada |
See Cambodia–Canada relations | |
 Chile |
16 February 1994 |
|
 Colombia |
1 August 1973 |
|
 Cuba |
| |
 Dominica |
27 April 2010 |
|
 Dominican Republic |
13 November 2008 |
|
 Ecuador |
29 June 1994 |
|
 Guatemala |
26 February 1996 |
|
 Guyana |
5 September 1973 |
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 September 1973.[4] |
 Honduras |
26 February 1996 | |
 Jamaica |
12 January 2010 |
|
 Mexico |
September 1976 | |
 Nicaragua |
1980 |
|
 Panama |
1951 |
|
 Paraguay |
27 October 1994 |
|
 Peru |
31 May 1976 |
|
 Saint Kitts and Nevis |
16 November 2018 | [2] |
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines |
12 January 2010 | |
 Suriname |
31 October 2011 |
|
 United States |
11 July 1950 | See Cambodia–United States relations
 Prime Minister Hun Sen with United States Secretary of State John Kerry in 2016.
|
 Uruguay |
1995 |
|
 Venezuela |
18 June 1994 |
|
Asia[]
| Country | Formal relations began | Notes |
|---|---|---|
 Armenia |
14 May 1992[8] | |
 Azerbaijan |
2 February 1995 |
|
 Bahrain |
29 June 2009 |
|
 Brunei |
9 June 1992 | See Brunei–Cambodia relations |
 China |
19 July 1958 | See Cambodia–China relations
|
 East Timor |
2003 |
|
 Georgia |
1956 |
|
 India |
1981 | See Cambodia–India relations
|
 Indonesia |
1957 | See Cambodia–Indonesia relations
|
 Iran |
5 June 1992 |
|
 Israel |
1960 1993 (reestablished) |
See Cambodia–Israel relations
|
 Japan |
1950 | See Cambodia–Japan relations
|
 Kazakhstan |
25 February 1994 | See
|
 Kuwait |
| |
 Kyrgyzstan |
23 March 1995 | |
 Laos |
15 June 1956 | |
 Malaysia |
2 December 1996 | See Cambodia–Malaysia relations |
 Mongolia |
11 November 1960[18] |
|
 Myanmar |
| |
 Nepal |
1964 |
|
 North Korea |
28 December 1964[19] | See Cambodia–North Korea relations |
 Pakistan |
See Cambodia–Pakistan relations
| |
 Palestine |
17 December 1991 |
|
 Philippines |
1956 | See Cambodia–Philippines relations
 Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte with King Norodom Sihamoni at the Royal Palace in Phnom Penh on 14 December 2016.
|
 Qatar |
1 April 2008 |
|
 Saudi Arabia |
18 January 2010 |
|
 Singapore |
10 August 1965 | See Cambodia–Singapore relations
|
 South Korea |
18 May 1970[20] | See Cambodia–South Korea relations[20]
|
 Sri Lanka |
28 May 1952 |
|
 Tajikistan |
1956 |
|
 Thailand |
1468 | See Cambodia–Thailand relations
|
 Turkey |
1959[21] | See Cambodia–Turkey relations
|
 Turkmenistan |
6 April 1995 | |
 UAE |
21 October 1994 |
|
 Uzbekistan |
7 September 1995 | |
 Vietnam |
1605 1991 (reestablished) |
See Cambodia–Vietnam relations
|
Europe[]
| Country | Formal relations began | Notes |
|---|---|---|
 Albania |
9 October 1967 | |
 Andorra |
8 March 2006 |
|
 Belarus |
25 October 1995 |
|
 Belgium |
19 October 1967 |
|
 Bosnia and Herzegovina |
23 December 2003 | |
 Bulgaria |
| |
 Croatia |
10 September 1996 | |
 Cyprus |
16 May 2000[23] | |
 Czech Republic |
16 April 1957 |
|
 Denmark |
20 November 1969 | See Cambodia–Denmark relations |
 Estonia |
31 August 2005 | |
 Finland |
20 January 1970[24] | |
 France |
1863 | See Cambodia–France relations
|
 Germany |
| |
 Greece |
| |
 Hungary |
10 July 1995 |
|
 Iceland |
19 June 2003 |
|
 Italy |
27 July 1951 |
|
 Latvia |
4 May 1990[31] | |
 Liechtenstein |
8 June 2011 | |
 Lithuania |
22 September 1995 | |
 Luxembourg |
15 May 2002 | |
 Malta |
13 January 2005[32] | |
 Moldova |
1957 Renewed:10 March 1995 | |
 Netherlands |
28 March 1992 |
|
 North Macedonia |
1957 | |
 Norway |
29 April 1994 |
|
 Poland |
29 March 1992 |
|
 Portugal |
29 May 1992 |
|
 Romania |
10 July 1963 |
|
 Russia |
13 May 1956[34] | See Cambodia–Russia relations
 Prime Minister Hun Sen with President of Russia Vladimir Putin in 2016.
|
 Serbia |
1956[35] |
|
 Slovakia |
16 April 1957 |
|
 Slovenia |
16 April 1957 |
|
 Sovereign Military Order of Malta |
1993 | |
 Spain |
See Cambodia–Spain relations | |
 Sweden |
27 April 1991 |
|
 Switzerland |
1957[36] |
|
 Ukraine |
April 1992 |
|
 United Kingdom |
1953 1976 (reestablished) |
See Cambodia–United Kingdom relations
|
Oceania[]
| Country | Formal relations began | Notes |
|---|---|---|
 Australia |
1950's[38] |
|
 Federated States of Micronesia |
2 May 1995 | |
 Fiji |
27 May 2010 |
|
 Nauru |
25 April 2007 | |
 New Zealand |
1992 |
|
 Papua New Guinea |
7 October 1994 |
|
 Samoa |
18 May 2010 | |
 Solomon Islands |
22 February 2012 | |
 Tuvalu |
28 June 2011 | |
 Vanuatu |
26 September 1995 |
Country with no relations[]
Afghanistan
Bahamas
Bhutan
Botswana
Cameroon
Central African Republic
Costa Rica
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Gabon
Grenada
Haiti
Jordan
Kiribati
Lebanon
Lesotho
Niger
Saint Lucia
Sao Tome and Principe
Somalia
Tonga
Trinidad and Tobago
See also[]
References[]
- ^ Sok Udom Deth, and Serkan Bulut, eds. Cambodia's Foreign Relations in Regional and Global Contexts (Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung, 2017; comprehensive coverage) full book online free.
- ^ "Cambodia Office". United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime. Retrieved 31 August 2021.
- ^ "Diplomatic Relations - Belize" (PDF). mfa.gov.bz. May 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 December 2017. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 March 2016. Retrieved 24 February 2016.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ^ Embassy of Cambodia in the United States
- ^ Relations between Mexico and Vietnam and Cambodia (in Spanish)
- ^ Embassy of Mexico in Vietnam
- ^ "Cambodia – Bilateral Relations – Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia". mfa.am. Archived from the original on 25 March 2016. Retrieved 14 May 2016.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c "Brunei-Cambodia Relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (Brunei). Archived from the original on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 5 February 2014.
- ^ ממלכת קמבודיה, באתר משרד החוץ
- ^ "Embassy of Japan in Cambodia". kh.emb-japan.go.jp. Archived from the original on 18 May 2016. Retrieved 14 May 2016.
- ^ "Foreign Embassies in Phnom Penh". Royal Embassy of Cambodia. Archived from the original on 17 January 2011. Retrieved 2 October 2016.
- ^ "Cambodia Missions Worldwide". Royal Embassy of Cambodia. Archived from the original on 19 August 2010. Retrieved 2 October 2016.
- ^ David Levinson, and Karen Christensen, eds. Encyclopedia of Modern Asia. (2002) 1:426–426.
- ^ Baird, Ian G. (June 2010). "Different views of history: Shades of irredentism along the Laos – Cambodia border". Journal of Southeast Asian Studies. 41 (2): 187–213. doi:10.1017/s0022463410000020.
- ^ Kun Makara (24 September 2012). "Malaysia-Cambodia trade increases". The Phnom Penh Post. Retrieved 30 January 2014.
- ^ "Cambodia, Malaysia pledge to further trade, investment relations". People's Daily Online. 12 May 2010. Retrieved 30 January 2014.
- ^ "List of states with diplomatic relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Mongolia. 27 October 2011. Archived from the original on 19 November 2015.
- ^ Wertz, Daniel; Oh, JJ; Kim, Insung (August 2016). Issue Brief: DPRK Diplomatic Relations (PDF). The National Committee on North Korea. p. 8. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 December 2016. Retrieved 22 February 2019.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Asia Pacific". mofa.go.kr. Archived from the original on 19 November 2015. Retrieved 14 May 2016.
- ^ "Relations between Turkey and Cambodia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 6 October 2020.
- ^ "Turkey-Cambodia Bilateral Economic and Commercial Relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 6 October 2020.
- ^ "Cambodia" (PDF). Cyprus MFA Archives. 16 May 2000. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 29 January 2019.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland: Entering Finland and travelling abroad: Cambodia". formin.finland.fi. Archived from the original on 29 May 2016. Retrieved 14 May 2016.
- ^ "Embassy of the Kingdom of Cambodia – Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland: Entering Finland and travelling abroad: Diplomatic representation of Cambodia in Finland". formin.finland.fi. Archived from the original on 4 June 2016. Retrieved 14 May 2016.
- ^ "Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland: Entering Finland and travelling abroad: Finnish missions in Cambodia". formin.finland.fi. Archived from the original on 4 June 2016. Retrieved 14 May 2016.
- ^ Pantheon-Sorbonne University (ed.). "La visite du général de Gaulle à Phnom Penh. Entre mythes et réalités". Archived from the original on 6 October 2014.
- ^ "Bilateral Relations: Cambodia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Greece). 2009. Retrieved 2 May 2009.
- ^ "Membres" (in French). L'Organisation internationale de la Francophonie. 2009. Archived from the original on 16 April 2009. Retrieved 2 May 2009.
- ^ chivorn. "ប្រមុខការទូតហុងគ្រី អញ្ជើញសម្ពោធជាផ្លូវការការិយាល័យស្ថានទូតហុងគ្រីនៅកម្ពុជា ក្រោយបញ្ចប់ជំនួបជាមួយប្រមុខការទូតកម្ពុជា (Video inside)". FRESH NEWS. Retrieved 13 June 2021.
- ^ "Bilateral Agreements – MFA of Latvia". mfa.gov.lv. Retrieved 14 May 2016.
- ^ "Cambodia – Establishment of diplomatic relations between the Royal Government of Cambodia and the Government of Malta". foreignaffairs.gov.mt. Retrieved 14 May 2016.
- ^ "Diplomacy: Embassy in Poland closes". m.phnompenhpost.com. Retrieved 12 June 2021.
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 19 October 2009. Retrieved 26 November 2018.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ^ "Cambodia". mfa.gov.rs. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 14 May 2016.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Bilateral relations Switzerland–Cambodia". eda.admin.ch. Retrieved 14 May 2016.
- ^ Ly Menghour (30 January 2014). "English Foreign Minister Visits Cambodia". RFI Khmer.
- ^ "Cambodia country brief – Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade". dfat.gov.au. Retrieved 14 May 2016.
Further reading[]
- Deth, Sok Udom, and Serkan Bulut, eds. Cambodia's Foreign Relations in Regional and Global Contexts (Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung, 2017; comprehensive coverage) full book online free.
- Path Kosal, "Introduction: Cambodia's Political History and Foreign Relations, 1945-1998" pp 1–26
- Acharya, Amitav. The Making of Southeast Asia: International Relations of A Region (Cornell UP, 2012)
- Chandler, David. The Tragedy of Cambodian History: Politics, War, and Revolution since 1945 (Yale UP, 1991)
- Ciorciari, John D. "Cambodia in 2019: Backing Further into a Corner." Asian Survey 60.1 (2020): 125–131. online
- Clymer, Kenton. Troubled Relations: The United States and Cambodia since 1870 (Northern Illinois UP, 2007).
- Leighton, Marian Kirsch. "Perspectives on the Vietnam-Cambodia border conflict." Asian Survey 18.5 (1978): 448–457. online
- Leng, Thearith. "2016: A Promising Year for Cambodia?." Southeast Asian Affairs (2017): 133–146. online
- Morris, Stephen J. Why Vietnam invaded Cambodia: Political culture and the causes of war (Stanford University Press, 1999).
- Peou, Sorpong. "Cambodia in 2018: a year of setbacks and successes." Southeast Asian Affairs 2019.1 (2019): 104–119. online
- Richardson, Sophie. China, Cambodia and the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence (Columbia UP, 2010)
- Smith, Roger. Cambodia's Foreign Policy (Cornell UP, 1965).
- Un, Kheang, and Jing Jing Luo. "Cambodia in 2019: Entrenching One-Party Rule and Asserting National Sovereignty in the Era of Shifting Global Geopolitics." Southeast Asian Affairs 2020.1 (2020): 117–134. online
- Westad, Odd Arne, and Sophie Quinn-Judge, eds. The third Indochina war: conflict between China, Vietnam and Cambodia, 1972-79 (Routledge, 2006).
- Womack, Brantly. "Asymmetry and systemic misperception: China, Vietnam and Cambodia during the 1970s." Journal of Strategic Studies 26.2 (2003): 92-119 online.
External links[]
- Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation
- US Department of State: Foreign relations with Southeast Asia 1961–63
- Foreign relations between Cambodia and Germany
- Japan-Cambodia Relations
- List of foreign embassies in Cambodia
- Foreign relations between Cambodia and Australia
- AsiaSociety: essays relating to the development of Cambodia
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