France–Yugoslavia relations

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
France–Kingdom of Yugoslavia relations

France
Yugoslavia
Free France–Kingdom of Yugoslavia relations

Free France
Yugoslavia
France–Yugoslavia relations

France
Yugoslavia
France–Yugoslavia relations

France
Yugoslavia
France–Yugoslavia relations
Map indicating locations of France and Yugoslavia

France
Yugoslavia

France–Yugoslavia relations were post-World War I historical foreign relations between France (Third Republic, Free France, Provisional Government, Fourth Republic and Fifth Republic till 1992) and now split-up Yugoslavia (Kingdom, Government in exile, Democratic Federal Yugoslavia or Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia).

History[]

Interwar period[]

Monument of Gratitude to France at the Belgrade Fortress

Following the earlier experience of alliance between France and the Kingdom of Serbia, Kingdom of Yugoslavia was a strong follower of the French political strategies in the interwar period Central Europe.[1] Yugoslavia Bastille Day was celebrated annually and became a means to commemorate the French lives lost in the Balkans during the World War I.[2] Declaration of Franco-Yugoslav friendship was signed in Belgrade on 11 November 1927 and war ratified in Paris on the same day.[2] In 1928, quoting inopportune timing, French government rejected Yugoslav general staff proposal for a military conversation.[1] On 11 November 1930 Monument of Gratitude to France was opened on the Belgrade Fortress.[1] Following the French participation in the Four-Power Pact pro-French states started to look after their own security instead of excessive reliance on France and on February 9, 1934 Greece, Rumania, Turkey, and Yugoslavia signed the Balkan Pact.[1]

Economic cooperation was nevertheless limited and decreasing which in 1934 led to fact that France ranked sixth among suppliers and eleventh among trade customers of Yugoslavia.[1] Yugoslav king Alexander I of Yugoslavia and French Foreign Minister Louis Barthou were assassinated in Marseilles during his 9 October 1934 state visit to France.[1] The League of Nations stated that "certain Hungarian authorities may have assumed at any rate through negligence, certain responsibilities relative to acts having connection with the preparation of the Marseilles crime.[1] Yugoslav policy in the following period reoriented itself towards rapprochement with Bulgaria, Italy, Hungary and Germany.

World War II[]

During World War II in Yugoslavia and World War II in France both countries were divided, partially occupied by Axis and with prominent resistance movement emerging in Yugoslavia against the occupiers.[2]

Socialist Yugoslavia[]

In April 1946 a Franco-Yugoslav friendship society was created in the period in which Belgrade intended to use its relations with France to maintain certain independence.[2] Policy disagreements with Soviet Union led to 1948 Tito–Stalin split after which Yugoslav relations with all Eastern Bloc countries were either suspended or significantly strained while Yugoslavia reoriented its policy towards European neutral countries and eventually to close cooperation with Non-Aligned countries. In 1951-1954 period France, together with United States and United Kingdom participated in the Tripartite Aid programme for Yugoslavia.[2] France's National Assembly ended its participation in the program in 1953 led to a diminishment in its influence in Yugoslavia.[2]

During the Algerian War Yugoslavia provided significant logistical and diplomatic support to the Algerian side which affected its relations with France. France believed that the close link between Egypt and Yugoslavia would continue to influence strongly its policy towards Algeria.[2] Yugoslavia officially recognized the independence of Algeria on 5 September 1961 as the first country in Europe to do so.[3] Relations started to improve once again after the 1966 and in 1969 Tito even invited France to attend the Non-Aligned Conference.[2] Despite disagreements over Algeria France recognized mediator role which Non-Aligned Yugoslavia (country without colonial past) can play between France and newly independent African countries.[4] Two nations established a Franco-Yugoslav chamber of commerce in Paris in June 1970.[2]

Breakup of Yugoslavia[]

Contemporary commentators interpreted President of France François Mitterrand's policy during the Yugoslav crisis as being based upon a fear of a resurgent reunified Germany and an historical friendship with Serbia.[2] French diplomacy nevertheless stressed the primacy of a unified common European approach in order not to threaten the Maastricht Treaty nor the national referendum on its passing in September 1992 and was therefore willing to follow the German insistence on Croatian and Slovenian independence.[2]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Tihamer Komjathy, Anthony (1972). Three Small Pivotal States in the Crucible: The Foreign Relations of Austria, Hungary, and Yugoslavia with France (Dissertations). Loyola University Chicago. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Jones, Christopher David (2015). France and the Dissolution of Yugoslavia (PDF) (Doctoral thesis). University of East Anglia. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
  3. ^ Bogetić, Dragan (2012). "Podrška Jugoslavije borbi alžirskog naroda za nezavisnost u završnoj fazi Alžirskog rata 1958-1962 [The Yugoslav Support To The Algerian People Struggle For Independence In The Final Phase Of The Algerian War 1958-1962]". Istorija 20. Veka (in Serbian) (3): 155–169. doi:10.29362/ist20veka.2012.3.bog.155-169. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
  4. ^ Mihić, Ivan (2018). Diplomatski odnosi Francuske i Jugoslavije 1954. - 1962. i Alžirski rat za neovisnost (PDF) (thesis). University of Zagreb. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
Retrieved from ""