1st Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement

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Summit Conference of Heads of State or Government of the Non-Aligned Movement Конференција шефова држава или влада несврстаних земаља / Konferencija šefova država ili vlada nesvrstanih zemalja (Serbo-Croatian) Конференција на шефови на држави или влади на неврзани земји (Macedonian) Konferenca voditeljev držav ali vlad neuvrščenih držav  (Slovene)
Meeting at the House of the National Assembly
Host country	FPR Yugoslavia
Date	September 1, 1961 (1961-09-01) – June 9, 1961 (1961-06-09)
Venue(s)	House of the National Assembly
Cities	Belgrade
Participants	Afghanistan  Algeria  Burma  Cambodia  Ceylon  Congo-Léopoldville  Cuba  Cyprus  Ethiopia  Ghana  Guinea  India  Indonesia  Iraq  Lebanon  Mali  Morocco    Nepal  Saudi Arabia  Somalia  Sudan  Tunisia  United Arab Republic  Kingdom of Yemen  Yugoslavia
Chair	Josip Broz Tito (President of Yugoslavia)
Follows	first conference
Precedes	2nd Summit (Cairo, United Arab Republic)

Summit Conference of Heads of State or Government of the Non-Aligned Movement (Serbo-Croatian: Конференција шефова држава или влада несврстаних земаља / Konferencija šefova država ili vlada nesvrstanih zemalja, Macedonian: Конференција на шефови на држави или влади на неврзани земји, Slovene: Konferenca voditeljev držav ali vlad neuvrščenih držav) on 1–6 September 1961 in Belgrade, Yugoslavia was the first conference of the Non-Aligned Movement.^[1] A major contributing factor to the organization of the conference was the process of decolonization of a number of African countries in the 1960s.^[1] Some therefore called it the ″Third World's Yalta″ in reference to 1945 Yalta Conference.^[1]

Twenty-five countries in total participated in Belgrade Conference, while 3 countries, Bolivia, Brazil and Ecuador, were observers.^[2] The preparatory meeting of Non-Aligned Countries took place earlier that year in Cairo June 5–12, 1961.^[3] One of the issues was division of the newly independent countries over the Congo Crisis which led to a rift and creation of the conservative and anti-radical Brazzaville Group and radical nationalist Casablanca Group.^[1] All members of the Casablanca Group attended the conference, including Algeria, Ghana, Guinea, Mali, Morocco and the United Arab Republic, while none of the Brazzaville Group was present.^[1] The summit was followed by the 2nd Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement in Cairo.

The Conference[]

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Participating states.

Vladimir Popović was the head of the Yugoslav State Committee for the Preparation of the Conference. The conference brought together 25 independent states. In addition to them, there were three states that had observer status, eleven socialist parties, trade unions from Japan and four other organizations. Socio-economic differences between participants were great and from the beginning participating states often showed different interests. Yugoslavia attached special importance to Latin American countries participation. The participation of these countries, along with the representatives of Europe, should have given the conference the character of a gathering where all parts of the world are represented, and avoid reduction to Afro-Asian meeting as it was case with some meetings before.

President Tito only partially succeeded bringing together all parts of the world to the conference. From Latin America, only Cuba was a full participant, while Bolivia, Brazil and Ecuador had observer status. The reason for that was the inability of these states to resist some pressure from the United States which wanted to preserve its role in the Western Hemisphere. The representatives of Yugoslavia were especially disappointed with Mexico's last minute cancelation. Of the European countries, only Cyprus and Yugoslavia as a host participated in the meeting.

Participants[]

• Mohammed Daoud Khan, Prime Minister of Afghanistan
• Benyoucef Benkhedda, Head of the Provisional Government of the Algerian Republic
• U Nu, Prime Minister of Burma
• Norodom Sihanouk, Chief of State of Cambodia
• Sirimavo Bandaranaike, Prime Minister of Ceylon
• Cyrille Adoula, Prime Minister of Congo-Léopoldville and Antoine Gizenga, Deputy Prime Minister
• Osvaldo Dorticós Torrado, President of Cuba
• Makarios III, President of Cyprus
• Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia
• Kwame Nkrumah, President of Ghana
• Louis Lansana Beavogui, Foreign Minister of Guinea
• Jawaharlal Nehru, Prime Minister of India
• Sukarno, President of Indonesia
• Hashem Jawad, Foreign Minister of Iraq
• Saeb Salam, Prime Minister of Lebanon
• Modibo Keïta, President of Mali
• Hassan II, King of Morocco
• Mahendra, King of Nepal
• Ibrahim bin Abdullah Al Suwaiyel, Foreign Minister of Saudi Arabia
• Aden Adde, President of Somalia
• Ibrahim Abboud, President of Sudan
• Habib Bourguiba, President of Tunisia
• Gamal Abdel Nasser, President of the United Arab Republic
• Prince , Prime Minister of the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen
• Josip Broz Tito, President of Yugoslavia

Observers[]

• , Minister of Education of Bolivia and , minister plenipotentiary
• Franco Filho de Mello, Brazilian Ambassador to Switzerland
• Jose Joaquin Silva, Ecuadorian Ambassador to West Germany

See also[]

• Yugoslavia and the Non-Aligned Movement
• 50th Anniversary Additional Commemorative Non-Aligned Meeting
• 60th Anniversary Additional Commemorative Non-Aligned Meeting

References[]

External links[]

• 50 GODINA POKRETA NESVRSTANIH (English) on YouTube