Great Russian Encyclopedia
Author | Various contributors |
---|---|
Illustrator | Several |
Country | Russia |
Language | Russian |
Subject | General |
Genre | Reference encyclopaedia |
Publisher | Great Russian Encyclopedia |
Publication date | 2004—2017 |
Pages | Volume "Russia" – 1008, other volumes – on average 768 |
Website | https://bigenc.ru/ |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Great_Russian_Encyclopedia_in_Vilnius_University_Library.jpg/250px-Great_Russian_Encyclopedia_in_Vilnius_University_Library.jpg)
The Great Russian Encyclopedia (GRE; Russian: Большая российская энциклопедия, БРЭ, transliterated as Bolshaya rossiyskaya entsiklopediya or academically as Bolšaja rossijskaja enciklopedija) is a universal Russian encyclopedia, completed in 36 volumes, published between 2004 and 2017 by (Russian: Большая Российская энциклопедия ПАО, transliterated as Bolshaya Rossiyskaya Entsiklopediya PAO). It is released under the auspices of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) after President Vladimir Putin signed a presidential decree №1156 in 2002.[1] The complete edition was released by 2017.[2]
The chief editor of the encyclopedia is Yury Osipov, the president of the RAS. The editorial board has more than 80 RAS members, including the Nobel Prize laureates Zhores Alferov and Vitaly Ginzburg.[1]
The first, introductory volume, released in 2004, is dedicated to Russia. Thirty-five volumes were released between 2005 and 2017, covering the range from "A" to "Яя" (Yaya).[3] The RAS plans to publish an updated version every five years, although it may not be issued in print after the first edition.
The encyclopedia was sponsored by the government with the explicit goal of replacing Wikipedia.[4][5]
Edition summary[]
Publication schedule and contents of volumes:
Vol. | Title (translit - translation) | Publication year | ISBN | pages |
---|---|---|---|---|
- | Россия (Rossija - Russia) | 2004 | ISBN 5-85270-326-5 | 1008 |
1 | A (A) Анкетирование (Anketirovanie - Questionnaires) |
2005 | ISBN 5-85270-329-X | 766 |
2 | Анкилоз (Ankiloz - Ankylosis) Банка ( Banka – Ocean bank) |
2005 | ISBN 5-85270-330-3 | 766 |
3 | «Банкетная кампания» 1904 («Banketnaja kampanija» 1904 - «Banquet campaign» 1904) Большой Иргиз (Bol'shoj Irgiz) |
2005 | ISBN 5-85270-331-1 | 766 |
4 | Большой Кавказ (Bol'shoj Kavkaz - Greater Caucasus) Великий канал (Velikij kanal - Great Channel) |
2006 | ISBN 5-85270-333-8 | 766 |
5 | Великий князь (Velikij knjaz' – The Grand Duke) Восходящий узел орбиты (Voshodjashchij uzel orbity - ascending node of the orbit) |
2006 | ISBN 5-85270-334-6 | 786 |
6 | Восьмеричный путь (Vos'merichnyj put' - Eightfold Path) Г��рманцы (Germancy - Germanic peoples) |
2006 | ISBN 5-85270-335-4 | 768 |
7 | Гермафродит (Germafrodit – Hermaphrodite) Григорьев (Grigor'ev - Grigoriev) |
2007 | ISBN 978-5-85270-337-8 | 767 |
8 | Григорьев (Grigor'ev - Grigoriev) Динамика (Dinamika - Dynamics) |
2007 | ISBN 978-5-85270-338-5 | 767 |
9 | Динамика атмосферы (Dinamika atmosfery - Dynamics of the atmosphere) Железнодорожный узел (Zheleznodorozhnyj uzel - Railway junction) |
2007 | ISBN 978-585270-339-2 | 767 |
10 | Железное дерево (Zheleznoe derevo - Iron Tree) Излучение (Izluchenie - Radiation) |
2008 | ISBN 978-5-85270-341-5 | 767 |
11 | Излучение плазмы (Izluchenie plazmy - Radiation plasma) Исламский фронт спасения (Islamskij front spasenija - the Islamic Salvation Front) |
2008 | ISBN 978-5-85270-342-2 | 767 |
12 | Исландия (Islandija - Iceland) Канцеляризмы (Kanceljarizmy - Officialese) |
2008 | ISBN 978-5-85270-343-9 | 767 |
13 | Канцелярия конфискации (Kanceljarija konfiskacii - Chancery of Confiscation) Киргизы (Kirgizy - Kirghiz) |
2009 | ISBN 978-5-85270-344-6 | 783 |
14 | Киреев (Kireev - Kireyev) Конго (Kongo - Congo) |
2009 | ISBN 978-5-85270-345-3 | 751 |
15 | Конго (Kongo - Congo) Крещение (Kreshchenie - Baptism) |
2010 | ISBN 978-5-85270-346-0 | 767 |
16 | Крещение Господне (Kreshchenie Gospodne - Epiphany) Ласточковые (Lastochkovye - Hirundinidae) |
2010 | ISBN 978-5-85270-347-7 | 751 |
17 | Лас-Тунас (Las-Tunas - Las Tunas) Ломонос (Lomonos - Clematis) |
2011 | ISBN 978-5-85270-350-7 | 751 |
18 | Ломоносов (Lomonosov - Lomonosov) Манизер (Manizer - Manizer) |
2011 | ISBN 978-5-85270-351-4 | 768 |
19 | Маниковский (Manikovskij - Iznikovsky) Меотида (Meotida - Maeotias) |
2012 | ISBN 978-5-85270-353-8 | 768 |
20 | Меотская археологическая культура (Meotskaja arheologicheskaja kul'tura - Meotian archaeological culture) Монголо-татарское нашествие (Mongolo-tatarskoe nashestvie - Mongol-Tatar invasion) |
2012 | ISBN 978-5-85270-354-5 | 768 |
21 | Монголы (Mongoly - Mongols) Наноматериалы (Nanomaterialy - Nanomaterials) |
2013 | ISBN 978-5-85270-355-2 | 768 |
22 | Нанонаука (Nanonauka - Nanoscience) Николай Кавасила (Nikolaj Kavasila - Nicholas Kabasilas) |
2013 | ISBN 978-5-85270-358-3 | 767 |
23 | Николай Кузанский (Nikolaj Kuzanskij - Nicholas of Cusa) Океан (Okean - Ocean) |
2013 | ISBN 978-5-85270-360-6 | 767 |
24 | Океанариум (Okeanarium - Oceanarium) Оясио (Ojasio - Oyashio) |
2014 | ISBN 978-5-85270-361-3 | 767[6] |
25 | П (P - П) Пертур (Pertur - Perturbation) |
2014 | ISBN 978-5-85270-362-0 | 765[7] |
26 | Перу (Peru - Peru) Полуприцеп (Polupritsep - Semitrailer) |
2014 | ISBN 978-5-85270-363-7 | 767[8] |
27 | Полупроводники (Poluprovodniki - Semiconductors) Пустыня (Pustynya - Desert) |
2014 | ISBN 978-5-85270-364-4 | 767[9] |
28 | Пустырник (Pustyrnik - Motherwort) Румчерод (Rumcherod - Rumcherod) |
2015 | ISBN 978-5-85270-365-1 | 767[10] |
29 | Румыния (Rumyniya - Romania) Сен-Жан-де-Люз (Sen-Zhan-de-Lyuz - Saint-Jean-de-Luz) |
2015 | ISBN 978-5-85270-366-8 | 767[11] |
30 | Сен-Жерменский мир 1679 (Sen-Zhermenskiy mir 1679 - Saint-Germain Treaty 1679) Социальное обеспечение (Sotsial'noye obespecheniye - Social security) |
2016 | ISBN 978-5-85270-367-5 | 767[12] |
31 | Социальное партнёрство (Sotsial'noye partnyorstvo - Social partnership) Телевидение (Televideniye - Television) |
2016 | ISBN 978-5-85270-368-2 | 768[13] |
32 | Телевизионная башня (Televizionnaya bashnya - Television tower) Улан-Батор (Ulan-Bator - Ulaanbaatar) |
2016 | ISBN 978-5-85270-369-9 | 768[14] |
33 | Уланд (Uland - Uhland) Хватцев (Khvatsev - Khvatsev) |
2017 | ISBN 978-5-85270-370-5 | 799[15] |
34 | Хвойка (Khvoyka - Khvoyka) Шервинский (Shervinsky - Shervinsky) |
2017 | ISBN 978-5-85270-372-9 | 799[16] |
35 | Шервуд (Shervud - Sherwood) Яя (Yaya - Yaya) |
2017 | ISBN 978-5-85270-373-6 | 799[17] |
Electronic version[]
From April 2016, an electronic version of the Great Russian Encyclopedia is available, with 12,000 articles at launch.
Criticism[]
One criticism of the encyclopedia is that it is an unnecessary prestige project in the era when all major encyclopedias went online.[18]
See also[]
References[]
- ^ a b "GRE in 30 volumes" (in Russian). GRE official website. 2006. Retrieved 2014-10-31.
- ^ Сергей Кравец: Российская энциклопедия — это и есть мы (in Russian). Evening Moscow. 2012-06-12. Archived from the original on 2013-11-09. Retrieved 2014-05-02.
- ^ "row 42 of price list" (in Russian). GRE official website. 2017. Retrieved 2017-10-31.
- ^ "Russia to get 'autonomous' Wikipedia in four years". belsat.eu.
- ^ "Putin proposes to replace Wikipedia with 'reliable' Russian version | DW | 05.11.2019". DW.COM. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
- ^ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 24. Oceanarium - Oyashio (in Russian).
- ^ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 25. P - Perturbation (in Russian).
- ^ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 26. Peru - Semitrailer (in Russian).
- ^ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 27. Semiconductors - Desert (in Russian).
- ^ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 28. Motherwort - Rumcherod (in Russian).
- ^ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 29. Romania - Saint-Jean-de-Luz (in Russian).
- ^ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 30. Saint-Germain World 1679 - Social Security (in Russian).
- ^ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 31. Social partnership - Television (in Russian).
- ^ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 32. TV Tower - Ulaanbaatar (in Russian).
- ^ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 33. Uhland-Khvatsev (in Russian).
- ^ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 34. Khvoyka-Shervinsky (in Russian).
- ^ Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 35. Uhland-Khvatsev (in Russian).
- ^ "Russia set to unveil the world's newest print encyclopedia – and its last?". Christian Science Monitor. 2017-03-23.
External links[]
- Official website (in Russian)
- Other official website
- 2004 non-fiction books
- Russian-language encyclopedias
- Russian encyclopedias
- 21st-century encyclopedias