Gymnaspidina

Gymnaspidina
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Hemiptera
Suborder:	Sternorrhyncha
Superfamily:	Coccoidea
Family:	Diaspididae
Subfamily:	Aspidiotinae
Tribe:	Parlatoriini
Subtribe:	Gymnaspidina

Gymnaspidina is a subtribe of armored scale insects.^[1] Takagi (2002) does not mention the Gymnaspidina,^[2] but in 2006 Morse and Normark still placed Gymnaspis aechmeae within the Parlatoriini tribe.^[3] Anderson (2010) found Gymnaspidina to be radically polyphyletic and suggested that the gymnaspids and the furcaspids might be placed in a distinct, but laterally equivalent subfamily to the Diaspidinae, rather than in the Aspidiotinae.^[4]

Genera[]

References[]

^ Borchsenius, N. S. (1966). Каталог щитовок (Диаспидоидеа) мировой фауны (A catalogue of the armoured scale insects (Diaspidoidea) of the world) (in Russian). Moscow: Академия наук СССР – Зоологический институт (Zoological Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences). p. 204.
^ Takagi, Sadao (2002). "One new subfamily and two new tribes of the Diaspididae (Homoptera: Coccoidea)" (PDF). Insecta Matsumurana. 59: 55–100. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 December 2013. Retrieved 30 December 2013.
^ Morse, Geoffrey E.; Normark, Benjamin B. (2006). "A molecular phylogenetic study of armoured scale insects (Hemiptera: Diaspididae)" (PDF). Systematic Entomology. 31 (2): 338–349, page 340. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3113.2005.00316.x.
^ Andersen, Jeremy C.; et al. (2010). "A phylogenetic analysis of armored scale insects (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), based upon nuclear, mitochondrial, and endosymbiont gene sequences" (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution. 57 (3): 992–1003. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.05.002. PMID 20460159. Archived from the original on 29 December 2013.

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[Borchsenius-1] Borchsenius, N. S. (1966). Каталог щитовок (Диаспидоидеа) мировой фауны (A catalogue of the armoured scale insects (Diaspidoidea) of the world) (in Russian). Moscow: Академия наук СССР – Зоологический институт (Zoological Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences). p. 204.

[Takagi-2002-2] Takagi, Sadao (2002). "One new subfamily and two new tribes of the Diaspididae (Homoptera: Coccoidea)" (PDF). Insecta Matsumurana. 59: 55–100. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 December 2013. Retrieved 30 December 2013.

[3] Morse, Geoffrey E.; Normark, Benjamin B. (2006). "A molecular phylogenetic study of armoured scale insects (Hemiptera: Diaspididae)" (PDF). Systematic Entomology. 31 (2): 338–349, page 340. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3113.2005.00316.x.

[Andersen-2010-4] Andersen, Jeremy C.; et al. (2010). "A phylogenetic analysis of armored scale insects (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), based upon nuclear, mitochondrial, and endosymbiont gene sequences" (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution. 57 (3): 992–1003. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.05.002. PMID 20460159. Archived from the original on 29 December 2013.

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