Halbi language

Halbi
Halbi
ହଲବୀ, हलबी
Native to	India
Region	Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, and Maharashtra
Ethnicity	Halba
Native speakers	766,297 (2011 census)
Language family	Indo-European Indo-Iranian Indo-Aryan Eastern Halbic Halbi; ; ; ; ;
Writing system	Odia, Devanagari
Language codes
ISO 639-3	hlb
Glottolog	halb1244 Halbi
Linguasphere	59-AAF-tb
	Halbi-speaking region

Halbi (also Bastari, Halba, Halvas, Halabi, Halvi) is an Eastern Indo-Aryan language, transitional between Odia and Marathi.^[2] It is spoken by 500,000 people across the central part of India.

The Mehari (or Mahari) dialect is mutually intelligible with the other dialects only with difficulty. There are an estimated 200,000 second-language speakers (as of 2001). In Chhattisgarh educated people are fluent in Hindi. Some first language speakers use Bhatri as second language.

Halbi is often used as a trade language, but there is a low literacy rate. It is written in the Odia and Devanagari scripts.^{[citation needed]} It uses SOV word order (subject-object-verb), makes strong use of affixes, and places adjectives before nouns.

Phonology[]

Vowels[]

Halbi has 6 vowels: /a, e, ɘ, i, o, u/. All vowels show contrastive vowel nasalization.^[3]

Consonants[]

		Bilabial	Labiodental	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Stop	voiceless	p		t		k	ʔ
	aspirated	p^h		t^h		k^h
	voiced	b		d		g
	breathy	b^ɦ		d^ɦ		g^ɦ
Nasal		m		n		ŋ
Affricate	voiceless		t͡s		cç
Affricate	voiced				ɟʝ
Fricative	voiceless		f	s	ç		h
Fricative	voiced		v	z
Approximant				l	j	w
Trill				r

References[]

^ "Statement 1: Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues - 2011". www.censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 2018-07-07.
^ Masica (1991)
^ "PHOIBLE 2.0 -". phoible.org. Retrieved 2020-03-16.

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[1] "Statement 1: Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues - 2011". www.censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 2018-07-07.

[2] Masica (1991)

[3] "PHOIBLE 2.0 -". phoible.org. Retrieved 2020-03-16.

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