Hazelwood House, Sligo

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Hazelwood House
Hazelwood-house-close.jpg
Front façade of Hazelwood House
Hazelwood House, Sligo is located in Ireland
Hazelwood House, Sligo
General information
StatusProtected structure[1]
TypeHouse
Architectural stylePalladian
ClassificationDerelict
Town or citySligo
CountryIreland
Coordinates54°15′23″N 8°26′02″W / 54.2565°N 8.4339°W / 54.2565; -8.4339Coordinates: 54°15′23″N 8°26′02″W / 54.2565°N 8.4339°W / 54.2565; -8.4339
Estimated completion1731
OwnerDavid Raethorne
Technical details
Materiallimestone
Floor count3
Design and construction
ArchitectRichard Cassels
DeveloperOwen Wynne[2]

Hazelwood House is an 18th-century Palladian style country house located in a 70-acre (28 ha) demesne in the parish of Calry, approximately 2 miles (3 km) south-east of the town of Sligo in north-west Ireland. The building's entry in the National Inventory of Architectural Heritage database describes it as one of County Sligo's "most neglected treasures", and of architectural, social and historical value.[3] It is listed on the Record of Protected Structures for the Sligo County Council administrative area.[1]

Hazelwood, an ancient area of woodland, forms part of the original estate.

Location[]

Situated on a peninsula jutting into Lough Gill east of Sligo town with views of Ben Bulben to the north, the house stands in a wooded estate originally 15,000 acres (6,100 ha) in extent, but now reduced to 81 acres (33 ha).

Architecture[]

External architectural features

The house was the first Palladian house in Ireland designed by Richard Cassels (c.1730), the architect who also designed Leinster House, Powerscourt House and Russborough House.

It consists of a 5-bay by 3-bay main block in three storeys with 2-storey wings on either side connected to the main block by single-storey quadrants. The building is constructed of limestone ashlar with slate roofs.[3]

Since construction, the house saw several decades of neglect and alteration. For example, in the 1870s, a three-bay, two-storey wing was added on the western side of the main block. The main staircase was removed in the 1950s and replaced with a concrete flight of stairs. A number of chimney pieces were taken and replaced with replicas.[4]

History[]

The original name for the area is Annagh (Eanach) meaning "marsh" and was on land belonging to the Ó Conchobhair Sligigh Lords of the territory of Cairbre Drom Cliabh.

There was an O'Conor castle located here that according to O'Rorke (1889) was at Castle Point on Lough Gill south of the present house.

This area belonged to the O'Connor's throughout the Medieval period before passing to the merchant Andrew Crean in the early 17th century, then to Lord William Strafford.

In 1635, during the planning for the aborted Plantation of Connacht, the estate was bought by Sir Phillip Perceval acting secretly on behalf of the Lord Deputy Wentworth and Sir George Radcliffe. Subsequent allegations claimed that Perceval tricked O'Connor into selling by claiming that it belonged to the Crown and would be subject to Plantation without any recompense to O'Connor. The hostility created by this was instrumental in the Sligo gentries taking part in the 1641 rebellion.

In 1687 it went to Thomas Wilson and in 1722 to the Wynnes.

Wynne family[]

Lt-Gen. Owen Wynne, a descendant of the Welsh Wynne family from Merioneth, purchased the estate in 1722. In addition to the 14,500 acres (5,900 ha), the conveyance also included extensive property within the Borough of Sligo, together with the fairs, markets and tolls.

On his death in 1737, the estate passed to his nephew, also Owen Wynne (1687–1756) who was also an army officer. He was succeeded by his son, a third Owen, who was High Sheriff of Sligo for 1723 and 1745. The house then passed to the latter's son, a fourth Owen Wynne (1723–1789), who was an M.P. for County Sligo in the Irish Parliament and an Irish Privy Councillor. His eldest son, a fifth Owen Wynne (1755–1841), inherited the house on his death and was also an M.P. for County Sligo in the Irish Parliament and High Sheriff. He was followed by his son, John Arthur Wynne (1801–1865), MP for Sligo Borough and High Sheriff for 1840, and John Arthur's son, a sixth Owen (1843–1910), High Sheriff for 1874.[5]

The sixth Owen Wynne was the last Wynne to occupy Hazelwood House and died without a male heir in 1910. His daughter Murial and her husband Philip Dudley Percival then occupied the house, selling off the livestock and machinery until they left Hazelwood in 1923.[citation needed]

Although the sixth Owen Wynne died without male heirs, the wider family survived through the descendants of the fourth Owen Wynne (1723-1789), in particular.[6] His descendants include the Archdeacon George Robert Wynne, Gladys Wynne, General Sir Arthur Singleton Wynne, Arthur Beavor Wynne, Kathleen Lynn and Canon Billy Wynne.[7]

20th century[]

Hazelwood's boarded up doorway (2011)

The house then stood empty until 1930, when a retired tea planter named Berridge lived there, carrying out repairs and renovations before the house and lands were sold to the Land Commission and the State Forestry Department in 1937.

In 1940 the house was occupied by the Irish Army's 12th Cyclist Squadron and served as their barracks until January 1945.[8]

In 1946 it was sold to the Department of Health for use as a psychiatric hospital.[citation needed]

In c.1969 it was sold again to the Italian manufacturing company SNIA S.p.A. to use as part of a nylon yarn factory complex which they built to the rear of the house. The factory closed in 1983 and was acquired in 1987 by the South Korean company , who produced video tapes on the site until 2005.[3]

Later history[]

The property was sold in April 2006 for €7-€10 million to a local consortium, Foresthaze Developments, who applied in 2007 for permission to develop the site. The application was refused by Sligo County Council and the owners served with a notice to improve the fabric of the building to ensure its preservation.[5] Foresthaze Developments was placed in receivership in October 2013.[4] The house was empty from 2005 to 2015, and fell into poor condition with water damage to the West wing.[citation needed] Members of the community founded an action group, "Hazelwood Heritage Society", to campaign for the restoration of the house and its grounds.[9]

In 2015, the estate was purchased by Hazelwood Demesne Limited, which was founded by Irish investor David Raethorne to establish a whiskey distillery on the estate.[10] The new owners secured planning permission to repurpose the former factory into a single malt whiskey distillery in early 2016,[11] and construction of the distillery started shortly thereafter. The Lough Gill Distillery was fully commissioned in 2019, and opened in December of that year.[12][13]

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b "Sligo Environs Development Plan - Appendix - Record of Protected Structures (2010-2016)" (PDF). Sligo County Council. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
  2. ^ "Hazelwood". The Irish Aesthete. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Hazelwood House, Sligo, County Sligo". National Inventory of Architectural Heritage. Retrieved 27 September 2013.
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b Thompson, Sylvia (10 April 2014). "Buildings at Risk: Hazelwood House, Sligo". The Irish Times. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b "Brief History of Hazelwood House". Archived from the original on 2 October 2013. Retrieved 27 September 2013.
  6. ^ Burkes Irish Family Records. London: Burkes Peerage. 1976. pp. 1226–1231.
  7. ^ Burkes Irish Family Records. London: Burkes Peerage. 1976. pp. 1226–1231.
  8. ^ O'Reilly, Terence (4 October 2018). "Hazelwood House during the Emergency Years". The Irish Story. Retrieved 5 October 2018.
  9. ^ Keaney, Harry (26 July 2014). "Develop Hazelwood House into top tourist destination". The Sligo Champion. Retrieved 2 August 2014 – via Irish Independent.
  10. ^ "Sligo mansion to be transformed into tourist destination". The Irish Times. 25 January 2015. Retrieved 21 June 2020.
  11. ^ McDonagh, Marese (27 April 2016). "Permission granted for distillery at Sligo's Hazelwood House". The Irish Times. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
  12. ^ "Whiskey rush as distillery numbers hit 120-year high". Irish Independent. 5 January 2020. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
  13. ^ "Lough Gill Distillery". Irish Whiskey Magazine. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
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