Heinrich Kayser
Heinrich Kayser | |
|---|---|
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| Born | Heinrich Gustav Johannes Kayser 16 March 1853 |
| Died | 14 October 1940 (aged 87) |
| Citizenship | German |
| Alma mater | Sophie Gymnasium (Berlin) University of Strasbourg University of Berlin |
| Known for | Helium in the Earth's atmosphere, spectra, kayser unit |
| Awards | ForMemRS[1] |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Physicist, Spectroscopy |
| Institutions | Technische Hochschule, Hannover University of Bonn |
| Doctoral advisor | Wilhelm Roentgen |
| Influences | Hermann von Helmholtz Gustav Kirchhoff Carl Runge |
Heinrich Gustav Johannes Kayser ForMemRS[1] (German: [ˈkaɪzɐ]; 16 March 1853 – 14 October 1940) was a German physicist and spectroscopist.[2]
Biography[]
Kayser was born at Bingen am Rhein. Kayser's early work was concerned with the characteristics of acoustic waves.[3] He discovered the occurrence of helium in the Earth's atmosphere in 1868 during a solar eclipse when he detected a new spectral line in the solar spectrum. In 1881 Kayser coined the word “adsorption”. Together with Carl Runge, he examined the spectra of chemical elements.[4][5][6] In 1905, he wrote a paper on electron theory.[7]
The kayser unit, associated with wavenumber, of the CGS system was named after him. He died at Bonn in 1940.
Works[]
- Lehrbuch der Physik für Studierende . Enke, Stuttgart 3rd ed. 1900 Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf
References[]
- ^ Jump up to: a b Herzberg, Gerhard (1955). "Heinrich Kayser 1853-1940". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 1: 135–143. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1955.0010. S2CID 57995122.
- ^ Matthias Dörries and Klaus Hentschel (eds.), Heinrich Kayser, Erinnerungen aus meinem Leben. Institut für Geschichte der Naturwissenschaft, Munich, 1996. ISBN 3-89241-019-4.
- ^ Mulligan, Joseph F. (1992). "Doctoral oral examination of Heinrich Kayser, Berlin, 1879". American Journal of Physics. 60 (1): 38. Bibcode:1992AmJPh..60...38M. doi:10.1119/1.17040.
- ^ Kayser, Heinrich; Runge, C. (1890). "Über die Spectren der Alkalien". Annalen der Physik. 277 (10): 302–320. Bibcode:1890AnP...277..302K. doi:10.1002/andp.18902771010.
- ^ Kayser, H., & Runge, C. (1892). Über die Spektra der Elemente. Berliner Akademie, 1892.
- ^ Kayser, Heinrich, and Carl Runge. (1893). Uber die Spectren der elemente. Verlag der Könogl. Akademie der Wissenschaften.
- ^ Kayser, Heinrich. (1905). Die elektronentheorie. DC Heath & Company.
External links[]
Media related to Heinrich Gustav Johannes Kayser at Wikimedia Commons
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- 1853 births
- 1940 deaths
- Foreign Members of the Royal Society
- 20th-century German physicists
- People from Mainz-Bingen
- University of Bonn faculty
- People from Rhenish Hesse
- 19th-century German physicists
- German physicist stubs