Henry Baker Tristram

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Henry Baker Tristram
HBTristram1908.jpg
Born(1822-05-11)11 May 1822
Eglingham, Northumberland
Died8 March 1906(1906-03-08) (aged 83)
NationalityEnglish
Alma materLincoln College, Oxford
Known forTravel, science in Middle East
AwardsFellow of Royal Society
Scientific career
FieldsOrnithology
Author abbrev. (botany)Tristram

Henry Baker Tristram FRS (11 May 1822 – 8 March 1906) was an English clergyman, Bible scholar, traveller and ornithologist. As a parson-naturalist he was an early supporter of Darwinism, attempting to reconcile evolution and creation.

Biography[]

He was the son of the Rev. Henry Baker Tristram,[1] born at Eglingham vicarage, near Alnwick, Northumberland. He studied at Durham School and Lincoln College, Oxford. In 1846 he was ordained a priest.

Diplomatic, scientific and missionary work[]

Tristram was secretary to the governor of Bermuda from 1847 to 1849. He explored the Sahara desert, and in 1858 visited Palestine, returning there in 1863 and 1872, and dividing his time between natural history observations and identifying localities mentioned in the Old and New Testaments. In 1873 he became canon of Durham Cathedral. In 1881 he travelled again to Palestine, the Lebanon, Mesopotamia, and Armenia. He also made a voyage to Japan to visit his daughter, Katherine Alice Salvin Tristram,[2] who was a missionary and teacher in Osaka.

In 1858, he read the simultaneously-published papers by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace that were read in the Linnean Society, and published a paper in Ibis stating that given the "series of about 100 Larks of various species before me... I cannot help feeling convinced of the views set forth by Messrs Darwin and Wallace." He attempted to reconcile this early acceptance of evolution with creation.[3] Following the famous Oxford Debate between Thomas Henry Huxley and Samuel Wilberforce, Tristram, after early acceptance of the theory, rejected Darwinism.[4]

Tristram was a founder and original member of the British Ornithologists' Union, and appointed a fellow of the Royal Society in 1868. Edward Bartlett, an English ornithologist and son of Abraham Dee Bartlett, accompanied Tristram to Palestine in 1863–1864. During his travels he accumulated an extensive collection of bird skins, which he sold to the World Museum Liverpool.[5]

Published works[]

Tristram's publications included

Legacy[]

A number of birds were named after him, including Tristram's starling (also called Tristram's grackle), Tristram's warbler, Tristram's woodpecker, Tristram's serin, and Tristram's storm-petrel. He also lent his name to the gerbil Meriones tristrami [6] (also called Tristram's jird). He is also commemorated in the scientific name of a species of lizard, Acanthodactylus tristrami.[7]

References[]

  1. ^ Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Tristram, Henry Baker (2)
  2. ^ "CHURCH MISSIONARY SOCIETY ARCHIVE Section I: East Asia Missions Part 1: Japan, 1869-1949 (including Loochoo Naval Mission, 1843-1861)". 23 July 2008. Archived from the original on 23 July 2008.
  3. ^ Armstrong, 2000. p. 6
  4. ^ Hesketh,I. 2009 "Of Apes and Ancestors - Evolution, Christianity and the Oxford Debate", University of Toronto Press, 85-86.
  5. ^ British Ornithologists' Union (13 November 2018). "Ibis". [London] Published for the British Ornithologists' Union by Academic Press – via Internet Archive.
  6. ^ Thomas, O. (1892). "Description of a new species of Meriones from Palestine". Annals and Magazine of Natural History. 6. 9 (50): 147–149. doi:10.1080/00222939208677293.
  7. ^ Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. ("Tristram", p. 268).

External links[]

Media related to Henry Baker Tristram at Wikimedia Commons

The standard author abbreviation Tristram is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.[1]
  1. ^ IPNI.  Tristram.
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