Tristram's starling

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Tristram's starling
Tristram's starling 3.jpg
at Masada, Israel

Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Sturnidae
Genus: Onychognathus
Species:
O. tristramii
Binomial name
Onychognathus tristramii
(Sclater, 1858)
Tristram's starling calls

Tristram's starling (Onychognathus tristramii) or Tristram's grackle, is a species of starling native to the Middle East. Its territory is in the areas of Israel, Jordan, northeastern Egypt (Sinai Peninsula), western Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and Oman, nesting mainly on rocky cliff faces.[2] The species is named after Reverend Henry Baker Tristram, who also collected natural history specimens.[3]

Description[]

A member of the genus Onychognathus, it is 25 cm long (including a 9 cm tail), with a wingspan of 44–45 cm, and a weight of 100–140 g. The males have glossy iridescent black plumage with orange patches on the outer wing, which are particularly noticeable in flight. The bill and legs are black. Females and young birds are similar but duller and with a greyish head, lacking the plumage gloss.[2][4]

Behavior[]

It is gregarious and noisy, with a call that resembles a wolf whistle. They are omnivorous, feeding on fruit and invertebrates, and can also be observed grooming Nubian ibex and domestic livestock for parasites. They are becoming increasingly commensal with man, feeding in towns and villages; this has enabled a recent northward spread in their distribution.[2]

Gallery[]

  • Female in Israel

  • Tristram observation Masada in Israel

  • Tristram on a Nubian ibex in Sde Boker, Israel

  • Oman

References[]

  1. ^ BirdLife International (2018). "Onychognathus tristramii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22710604A132089059. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22710604A132089059.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c Snow, D. W. & Perrins, C. M. (1998). The Birds of the Western Palearctic Concise Edition. OUP ISBN 0-19-854099-X.
  3. ^ Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael (2003). Whose Bird? Men and Women Commemorated in the Common Names of Birds. London: Christopher Helm. pp. 342–343.
  4. ^ Mullarney, K., Svensson, L., Zetterström, D., & Grant, P. J. (1999). Collins Bird Guide. Harper Collins, London. ISBN 0-00-219728-6.
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